NSG 430 Final Exam – Questions With Verified
Solutions
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Terms in this set (224)
ACS (acute coronary syndrome) occurs when chest pain from ischemia is prolonged
and not immediately reversible
Unstable angina ACS
–- chest pain with a new onset
-- occurs at rest
-- increasing frequency
-- increasing duration
-- usually 10 minutes or more
Not relieved with rest
,Stable angina ACS
-- over a long period of time with similar onset and
duration
-- Relieved by nitroglycerin or rest
Sublingual nitroglycerin ▪ Side effects: orthostatic hypotension (ask to sit
down)
▪ Repeated dose every 5 minutes for a maximum of 3
doses and then call 911
▪ Store tablets away from light and heat sources
IV nitroglycerin -- peripheral vasodilation
-- decreases preload and afterload
-- Side effects: hypotension
Addison's disease adrenocortical insufficiency, corticosteroids are
reduced, ACTH deficiency
Adrenal crisis Severe ABD pain, profound weakness, hypotension,
renal failure, shock, and possibly death. May result
from stress/trauma, or from abrupt discontinuation of
long-term steroid medication use, ex: Prednisone.
Addison's disease symptoms chronic fatigue, muscle weakness, anorexia, nausea,
vomiting, diarrhea, hypotension, hypoglycemia,
sweating, irritability, weight loss
Addison Disease medications Low steroids (need to Add) them
--corticosteroids
--mineralocorticoids
-- glucocorticoids
,Cushing's disease (Remember: UP, UP, UP, DOWN, UP)
- HYPERnatremia, HYPERtension, INCREASED blood
volume, HYPOkalemia, HYPERglycemia
Acute Decompensated Heart Failure acute exacerbation of heart failure, with signs and
(ADHF) symptoms of severe respiratory distress and poor
systemic perfusion
ADHF medications -- loop diuretics
-- vasodilators
-- inotropes
ADHF signs and symptoms Pulmonary congestion and volume overload,
pulmonary edema
Heart Failure symptoms (HF) shortness of breath, fatigue, weight gain, nausea, and
pain
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) rapid loss of renal function due to damage to the
kidneys
AKI phases -- prerenal
-- intrarenal
-- postrenal
, Prerenal causes --decreased cardiac output
--hypovolemia
--shock
-- MI
-- HF
--dehydration
-- decreased renal blood flow
Intrarenal causes -- antibiotics
-- infections
-- neurotoxicity
-- systemic injury
-- hypertension
-- acute glomerulonephritis
Postrenal causes -- BPH -- Benign prostatic hyperplasia
-- bladder cancer
-- calculi formation
-- prostate cancer
-- spinal cord disease
-- trauma
-- strictures
Labs for AKI -- serum creatinine increased
-- GFR decreased
affects sodium levels
AKI tx fluid replacement
How to know if AKI is improving GFR increases and fluid is maintained
RIFLE acronym Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, and End-stage renal disease
Animal bite Interventions -- leave puncture wound open
-- report it
Solutions
Add to calendar
Play your way to mastery with fun games
Match Blocks Charms NEW
Terms in this set (224)
ACS (acute coronary syndrome) occurs when chest pain from ischemia is prolonged
and not immediately reversible
Unstable angina ACS
–- chest pain with a new onset
-- occurs at rest
-- increasing frequency
-- increasing duration
-- usually 10 minutes or more
Not relieved with rest
,Stable angina ACS
-- over a long period of time with similar onset and
duration
-- Relieved by nitroglycerin or rest
Sublingual nitroglycerin ▪ Side effects: orthostatic hypotension (ask to sit
down)
▪ Repeated dose every 5 minutes for a maximum of 3
doses and then call 911
▪ Store tablets away from light and heat sources
IV nitroglycerin -- peripheral vasodilation
-- decreases preload and afterload
-- Side effects: hypotension
Addison's disease adrenocortical insufficiency, corticosteroids are
reduced, ACTH deficiency
Adrenal crisis Severe ABD pain, profound weakness, hypotension,
renal failure, shock, and possibly death. May result
from stress/trauma, or from abrupt discontinuation of
long-term steroid medication use, ex: Prednisone.
Addison's disease symptoms chronic fatigue, muscle weakness, anorexia, nausea,
vomiting, diarrhea, hypotension, hypoglycemia,
sweating, irritability, weight loss
Addison Disease medications Low steroids (need to Add) them
--corticosteroids
--mineralocorticoids
-- glucocorticoids
,Cushing's disease (Remember: UP, UP, UP, DOWN, UP)
- HYPERnatremia, HYPERtension, INCREASED blood
volume, HYPOkalemia, HYPERglycemia
Acute Decompensated Heart Failure acute exacerbation of heart failure, with signs and
(ADHF) symptoms of severe respiratory distress and poor
systemic perfusion
ADHF medications -- loop diuretics
-- vasodilators
-- inotropes
ADHF signs and symptoms Pulmonary congestion and volume overload,
pulmonary edema
Heart Failure symptoms (HF) shortness of breath, fatigue, weight gain, nausea, and
pain
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) rapid loss of renal function due to damage to the
kidneys
AKI phases -- prerenal
-- intrarenal
-- postrenal
, Prerenal causes --decreased cardiac output
--hypovolemia
--shock
-- MI
-- HF
--dehydration
-- decreased renal blood flow
Intrarenal causes -- antibiotics
-- infections
-- neurotoxicity
-- systemic injury
-- hypertension
-- acute glomerulonephritis
Postrenal causes -- BPH -- Benign prostatic hyperplasia
-- bladder cancer
-- calculi formation
-- prostate cancer
-- spinal cord disease
-- trauma
-- strictures
Labs for AKI -- serum creatinine increased
-- GFR decreased
affects sodium levels
AKI tx fluid replacement
How to know if AKI is improving GFR increases and fluid is maintained
RIFLE acronym Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, and End-stage renal disease
Animal bite Interventions -- leave puncture wound open
-- report it
