NUR 220 (OB - Test 5) Questions with Correct Answers (Grade A+)
Question 1: Cognitive Impairment (CI)
Answer: A general term that encompasses any type of intellectual disability
Question 2: Intellectual disability
Answer: a condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and
difficulty in adapting to the demands of life; varies from mild to profound
Question 3: A child with an intellectual disability consist of what three components?
Answer: 1. Intellectual functioning 2. Functionals strengths and weaknesses 3. Age younger than 18 years
old at the time of diagnosis
Question 4: A child with an intellectual disability will demonstrate functional impairment in what
different adaptive areas?
Answer: 1. Communication 2. Self-care 3. Home living 4. Social skills 5. Leisure 6. Health and safety 7.
Self-direction 8. Functional academics 9. Community use 10. Work
Question 5: How are cognitive impairments usually diagnosed?
Answer: After professionals or the family suspects that the child's developmental progress is delayed
Question 6: What are some causes of cognitive impairment?
Answer: 1. Genetic 2. Biochemical 3. Infection 4. Familial 5. Social 6. Environmental 7. Organic
Question 7: Early signs suggestive of cognitive impairment?
Answer: 1. Dysmorphic syndrome 2. Irritability or nonresponsiveness to environment 3. Major organ
system dysfunction 4. Gross motor delay 5. Fine motor delay 6. Language difficulties or delay 7. Behavioral
difficulties
Question 8: What are some nursing interventions used for cognitive impairment?
Answer: 1. Educate the child and family 2. Teach the child self-care skills 3. Encourage play and exercise 4.
Promote the child's optimal development 5. Provide means of communication 6. Establish discipline 7.
Encourage socialization 8. Provide information on sexuality 9. Help the family adjust to future care 10. Care
for the child during hospitalization 11. Assist in measures to prevent cognitive impairment
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,Question 9: Down Syndrome
Answer: A condition of intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of
chromosome 21 **MOST common chromosomal abnormality
Question 10: What are some issues that may arise due to down syndrome?
Answer: 1. Congenital heart malformations (Septal defects) 2. Respiratory tract infections 3. Thyroid
dysfunction 4. Increased incidence of leukemia
Question 11: What are some clinical manifestations of down syndrome?
Answer: 1. Separated sagittal sutures 2. Round/small skull 3. Flat occiput 4. Enlarged anterior fontanel 5.
Upward/outward slanted eyes 6. Protruding tongue 7. Short/broad neck 8. Transverse (Simian) palm crease
9. Short stature 10. Broad/short hands and stubby fingers
Question 12: Signs of spinal cord compression that should be immediately reported:
Answer: 1. Persistent neck pain 2. Loss of established motor skills and bladder/bowel control 3. Changes in
sensation
Question 13: Fragile X Syndrome
Answer: A genetic disorder involving an abnormality on the lower end of the long arm of the X
chromosome, which becomes constricted and often breaks **MOST common INHERITED disorder, and
SECOND most common GENETIC disorder
Question 14: What are some physical clinical manifestations of fragile x syndrome?
Answer: 1. Increased head circumference 2. Long, wide, or protruding ears 3. Long, narrow face with
prominent jaw 4. Strabismus (crossed-eyes) 5. Mitral valve prolapse, aortic root dilation 6. Hypotonia
(weak muscle tone) 7. Enlarged testicles (postpubertal male)
Question 15: What are some behavioral clinical manifestations of fragile x syndrome?
Answer: 1. Mild to severe cognitive impairment 2. Speech delay or rapid speech (ex: stutter) 3. Short
attention span/Hyperactivity 4. Hypersensitivity to taste, sound, and touch 5. Intolerance to change in
routine 6. Autistic-like behaviors (ex: social anxiety) 7. Aggressive behavior (**possible)
Question 16: Hearing impairment
Answer: Any degree of hearing loss
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, Question 17: Conductive (middle-ear) hearing loss
Answer: Hearing impairment caused by interference with sound or vibratory energy in the external canal,
middle ear, or ossicles (interference of loudness of sound) **Hearing aid used to help with hearing issues
Question 18: Sensorineural hearing loss
Answer: Hearing loss caused by damage to the cochlea's receptor cells or to the auditory nerves; also called
nerve deafness (distortion of sound) **Cochlear implant used to help with hearing loss
Question 19: Mixed conductive-sensorineural hearing loss
Answer: A profound hearing loss resulting from both conductive and sensorineural hearing loss
Question 20: Aphasia agnosia
Answer: Inability to interpret sound correctly
Question 21: Dysacusis
Answer: Difficulty in processing details or discriminating among sounds
Question 22: Hearing impairment is expressed in terms of what?
Answer: decibel (dB) **Unit of loudness
Question 23: Acoustic feedback
Answer: The whistling sound that is created when the signal leaving the receiver of a hearing aid leaks back
into the microphone and is amplified **Remove and reinsert the aid, making sure that no hair is caught
between the ear mold and the ear canal
Question 24: When should children be assessed for hearing impairments?
Answer: First 3 months after birth and no later than 6 months of age
Question 25: What nursing interventions are used for hearing impairment?
Answer: 1. Lipreading 2. Cued speech 3. Sign language 4. Speech language therapy 5. Additional aids (ex:
flashing lights) 6. Socialization 7. Supporting child and family
Question 26: What is the most common cause of impaired hearing?
Answer: Chronic otitis media (ear infection)
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Question 1: Cognitive Impairment (CI)
Answer: A general term that encompasses any type of intellectual disability
Question 2: Intellectual disability
Answer: a condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and
difficulty in adapting to the demands of life; varies from mild to profound
Question 3: A child with an intellectual disability consist of what three components?
Answer: 1. Intellectual functioning 2. Functionals strengths and weaknesses 3. Age younger than 18 years
old at the time of diagnosis
Question 4: A child with an intellectual disability will demonstrate functional impairment in what
different adaptive areas?
Answer: 1. Communication 2. Self-care 3. Home living 4. Social skills 5. Leisure 6. Health and safety 7.
Self-direction 8. Functional academics 9. Community use 10. Work
Question 5: How are cognitive impairments usually diagnosed?
Answer: After professionals or the family suspects that the child's developmental progress is delayed
Question 6: What are some causes of cognitive impairment?
Answer: 1. Genetic 2. Biochemical 3. Infection 4. Familial 5. Social 6. Environmental 7. Organic
Question 7: Early signs suggestive of cognitive impairment?
Answer: 1. Dysmorphic syndrome 2. Irritability or nonresponsiveness to environment 3. Major organ
system dysfunction 4. Gross motor delay 5. Fine motor delay 6. Language difficulties or delay 7. Behavioral
difficulties
Question 8: What are some nursing interventions used for cognitive impairment?
Answer: 1. Educate the child and family 2. Teach the child self-care skills 3. Encourage play and exercise 4.
Promote the child's optimal development 5. Provide means of communication 6. Establish discipline 7.
Encourage socialization 8. Provide information on sexuality 9. Help the family adjust to future care 10. Care
for the child during hospitalization 11. Assist in measures to prevent cognitive impairment
Page 1
,Question 9: Down Syndrome
Answer: A condition of intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of
chromosome 21 **MOST common chromosomal abnormality
Question 10: What are some issues that may arise due to down syndrome?
Answer: 1. Congenital heart malformations (Septal defects) 2. Respiratory tract infections 3. Thyroid
dysfunction 4. Increased incidence of leukemia
Question 11: What are some clinical manifestations of down syndrome?
Answer: 1. Separated sagittal sutures 2. Round/small skull 3. Flat occiput 4. Enlarged anterior fontanel 5.
Upward/outward slanted eyes 6. Protruding tongue 7. Short/broad neck 8. Transverse (Simian) palm crease
9. Short stature 10. Broad/short hands and stubby fingers
Question 12: Signs of spinal cord compression that should be immediately reported:
Answer: 1. Persistent neck pain 2. Loss of established motor skills and bladder/bowel control 3. Changes in
sensation
Question 13: Fragile X Syndrome
Answer: A genetic disorder involving an abnormality on the lower end of the long arm of the X
chromosome, which becomes constricted and often breaks **MOST common INHERITED disorder, and
SECOND most common GENETIC disorder
Question 14: What are some physical clinical manifestations of fragile x syndrome?
Answer: 1. Increased head circumference 2. Long, wide, or protruding ears 3. Long, narrow face with
prominent jaw 4. Strabismus (crossed-eyes) 5. Mitral valve prolapse, aortic root dilation 6. Hypotonia
(weak muscle tone) 7. Enlarged testicles (postpubertal male)
Question 15: What are some behavioral clinical manifestations of fragile x syndrome?
Answer: 1. Mild to severe cognitive impairment 2. Speech delay or rapid speech (ex: stutter) 3. Short
attention span/Hyperactivity 4. Hypersensitivity to taste, sound, and touch 5. Intolerance to change in
routine 6. Autistic-like behaviors (ex: social anxiety) 7. Aggressive behavior (**possible)
Question 16: Hearing impairment
Answer: Any degree of hearing loss
Page 2
, Question 17: Conductive (middle-ear) hearing loss
Answer: Hearing impairment caused by interference with sound or vibratory energy in the external canal,
middle ear, or ossicles (interference of loudness of sound) **Hearing aid used to help with hearing issues
Question 18: Sensorineural hearing loss
Answer: Hearing loss caused by damage to the cochlea's receptor cells or to the auditory nerves; also called
nerve deafness (distortion of sound) **Cochlear implant used to help with hearing loss
Question 19: Mixed conductive-sensorineural hearing loss
Answer: A profound hearing loss resulting from both conductive and sensorineural hearing loss
Question 20: Aphasia agnosia
Answer: Inability to interpret sound correctly
Question 21: Dysacusis
Answer: Difficulty in processing details or discriminating among sounds
Question 22: Hearing impairment is expressed in terms of what?
Answer: decibel (dB) **Unit of loudness
Question 23: Acoustic feedback
Answer: The whistling sound that is created when the signal leaving the receiver of a hearing aid leaks back
into the microphone and is amplified **Remove and reinsert the aid, making sure that no hair is caught
between the ear mold and the ear canal
Question 24: When should children be assessed for hearing impairments?
Answer: First 3 months after birth and no later than 6 months of age
Question 25: What nursing interventions are used for hearing impairment?
Answer: 1. Lipreading 2. Cued speech 3. Sign language 4. Speech language therapy 5. Additional aids (ex:
flashing lights) 6. Socialization 7. Supporting child and family
Question 26: What is the most common cause of impaired hearing?
Answer: Chronic otitis media (ear infection)
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