NFDN 2003 Final Exam (Actual Exam) Questions with verified Answers (Latest Update 2026/2027) NEWEST!!
NFDN 2003 Final Exam (Actual Exam) Questions with verified Answers (Latest Update 2026/2027) NEWEST!! Hypovolemia is also called dehydration Hypovolemia symptoms - weak - rapid pulse - dizziness - thirst - weight loss - decreased BP Hypervolemia symptoms - weight gain - SOB - wheezing/crackles - tachycardia - increased urinary output - increase BP Hyponatremia low sodium levels Hyponatremia causes - excess sweeting - increased H2O - use of diuretics Hypernatremia excess sodium leves Hypernatremia causes - diarrhea - heat stroke - hyperventilation pH normal levels 7.35-7.45 PaCO2 normal levels 35-45mmHg HCO3 (Bicarb) normal levels 22-26mmol/L Respiratory Acidosis - results from retention of CO2 & decrease of pH Respiratory Acidosis Symptoms - increased pulse - increased resps - increased BP - mental cloudiness Respiratory Acidosis Treatment - bronchodilators - anticoagulants - place pt in semi fowlers Respiratory Alkalosis - rapid or excess elimination of CO2 & increase pH - cause: hyperventilation Respiratory Alkalosis symptoms - dizzy - light headed - paraesthesia of extremities Respiratory Alkalosis Treatment - slow breathing - breath into paper bag Metabolic Acidosis - decrease bicarb (HCO3) - pH = 7.35 Metabolic Acidosis symptoms
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