CHM151LL Lab 10 - Labster Virtual Lab — Matter and Phase Changes and
Solution Preparation Simulation
Name: %
Section Number: -
Matter and Phase Changes Virtual Lab
Questions to answer during the lab:
1. After teleporting to your friend’s small town in the highlands, what do you find she needs your
help with? (2 pts)
a. She needed help achieving a higher purity of ethanol to use as alternative gas.
What occurs in a distillation? (2 pts)
a. Indistillation, a liquid is heated until it turns into vapor. The vapor rises and moves to a
cooler area from there, it cools down and turns back into liquid, then this liquid is
collected. Basically, distillation separates substances based on their boiling points.
Ethanol has a boiling point of 78°C while water has a boiling point of 100°C. Which substance
will be collected first in the collecting flask? Why? (3 pts)
a. Ethanol will be collected first in the collecting flask because ethanol boils at a lower
temperature (78°C) than water (100°C). It turns into vapor first and condenses earlier
during distillation.
The hot vapor coming from the distilling flask is cooled by cold water circulating in the
condenser. Where does the cool water enter? Why? (3 pts)
a. The cool water enters the bottom of the condenser. It flows upward and exits from the
top. This will help fill the condenser completely and makes sures of even cooling. It cools
the hot vapor effectively, turning it back into liquid.
What is a heating curve? (2 pts)
a. A heating curve is a graph that shows how a substance’s temperature changes as it is
heated over time. It helps us understand how energy is used during phase changes.
, Questions 6 & 7 pertain to the heating curve for water, below.
140°C -
Temperature
/e
100°C -
ooc | b
-10°C K
Heat added >
6. Identify and define the plateau regions ‘b’ and ‘d.” (4 pts)
a. Region ‘b’: This plateau represents the melting point of ice. In this region, solid ice is
changing to liquid water at 0°C. The temperature stays constant while heat is used to
break the bonds between molecules in the solid phase or melting.
b. Region ‘d’: This plateau represents the boiling point of water. Here, liquid water is
changing to gas at 100°C. The temperature remains constant while energy is used to
overcome the attraction between liquid molecules also known as vaporization
7. Which requires more energy, getting solid ice to its melting point, or getting liquid water to its
boiling point? Use the heating curve diagram to support your answer. (4 pts)
a. Getting liquid water to its boiling point requires more energy. And you can see this in
the heating curve by the longer plateau at region 'd' compared to region 'b'. The flat
section ‘d’ is longer, which means more heat is added during boiling than during
melting. Therefore, more energy is needed to boil water than to melt ice.
8. Once you complete this simulation, you will be shown a screen to verify 100% completion and
your score. Exit and go to your Grades tab on the left-hand menu and take a screenshot that
shows your score on this lab simulation as well as your name and section. Paste the screenshot
below. Remember, you must earn an 80% score on the lab simulation to earn credit. If you do
not achieve an 80% on your first attempt, redo the lab simulation as needed to earn the 80%.
Once you receive at least an 80% on the lab simulation, you will earn full credit for this
screenshot. (10 pts)
Solution Preparation Simulation
Name: %
Section Number: -
Matter and Phase Changes Virtual Lab
Questions to answer during the lab:
1. After teleporting to your friend’s small town in the highlands, what do you find she needs your
help with? (2 pts)
a. She needed help achieving a higher purity of ethanol to use as alternative gas.
What occurs in a distillation? (2 pts)
a. Indistillation, a liquid is heated until it turns into vapor. The vapor rises and moves to a
cooler area from there, it cools down and turns back into liquid, then this liquid is
collected. Basically, distillation separates substances based on their boiling points.
Ethanol has a boiling point of 78°C while water has a boiling point of 100°C. Which substance
will be collected first in the collecting flask? Why? (3 pts)
a. Ethanol will be collected first in the collecting flask because ethanol boils at a lower
temperature (78°C) than water (100°C). It turns into vapor first and condenses earlier
during distillation.
The hot vapor coming from the distilling flask is cooled by cold water circulating in the
condenser. Where does the cool water enter? Why? (3 pts)
a. The cool water enters the bottom of the condenser. It flows upward and exits from the
top. This will help fill the condenser completely and makes sures of even cooling. It cools
the hot vapor effectively, turning it back into liquid.
What is a heating curve? (2 pts)
a. A heating curve is a graph that shows how a substance’s temperature changes as it is
heated over time. It helps us understand how energy is used during phase changes.
, Questions 6 & 7 pertain to the heating curve for water, below.
140°C -
Temperature
/e
100°C -
ooc | b
-10°C K
Heat added >
6. Identify and define the plateau regions ‘b’ and ‘d.” (4 pts)
a. Region ‘b’: This plateau represents the melting point of ice. In this region, solid ice is
changing to liquid water at 0°C. The temperature stays constant while heat is used to
break the bonds between molecules in the solid phase or melting.
b. Region ‘d’: This plateau represents the boiling point of water. Here, liquid water is
changing to gas at 100°C. The temperature remains constant while energy is used to
overcome the attraction between liquid molecules also known as vaporization
7. Which requires more energy, getting solid ice to its melting point, or getting liquid water to its
boiling point? Use the heating curve diagram to support your answer. (4 pts)
a. Getting liquid water to its boiling point requires more energy. And you can see this in
the heating curve by the longer plateau at region 'd' compared to region 'b'. The flat
section ‘d’ is longer, which means more heat is added during boiling than during
melting. Therefore, more energy is needed to boil water than to melt ice.
8. Once you complete this simulation, you will be shown a screen to verify 100% completion and
your score. Exit and go to your Grades tab on the left-hand menu and take a screenshot that
shows your score on this lab simulation as well as your name and section. Paste the screenshot
below. Remember, you must earn an 80% score on the lab simulation to earn credit. If you do
not achieve an 80% on your first attempt, redo the lab simulation as needed to earn the 80%.
Once you receive at least an 80% on the lab simulation, you will earn full credit for this
screenshot. (10 pts)
