NR 508 WEEK 3 EXAM 2026/2027 | 150 HIGH-
YIELD QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS |
LATEST TEST PREP | RECENT & MOST
TESTED TOPICS | A+ PREPARATION
Many patients self-medicate with antacids. Which patients should be counseled to not
take calcium carbonate antacids without discussing it with their provider or a pharmacist
first?
1. Patients with kidney stones
2. Pregnant patients
3. Patients with heartburn
4. Postmenopausal women - correct answer-1. Patients with kidney stones
Patients taking antacids should be educated regarding these drugs, including letting them
know that:
1. They may cause constipation or diarrhea
2. Many are high in sodium
3. They should separate antacids from other medications by 1 hour
4. All of the above - correct answer-4. All of the above
Kelly has diarrhea and is wondering if she can take loperamide (Imodium) for the diarrhea.
Loperamide:
1. Can be given to patients of all ages, including infants and children, for viral gastroenteritis
2. Slows gastric motility and reduces fluid and electrolyte loss from diarrhea
3. Is the treatment of choice for the diarrhea associated with E. coli 0157
4. May be used in pregnancy and by lactating women - correct answer-2. Slows gastric motility and
reduces fluid and electrolyte loss from diarrhea
,Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto Bismol) is a common OTC remedy for gastrointestinal
complaints. Bismuth subsalicylate:
1. May lead to toxicity if taken with aspirin
2. Is contraindicated in children with flu-like illness
3. Has antimicrobial effects against bacterial and viral enteropathogens 4. All of the above - correct
answer-4. All of the above
Hannah will be traveling to Mexico with her church group over spring break to build houses.
She is concerned she may develop traveler's diarrhea. Advice includes following normal food
and water precautions as well as taking:
1. Loperamide four times a day throughout the trip
2. Bismuth subsalicylate with each meal and at bedtime
3. A prescription for diphenoxylate with atropine to use if she gets diarrhea
4. None of the above - correct answer-2. Bismuth subsalicylate with each meal and at bedtime
Josie is a 5-year-old patient who presents to the clinic with a 48-hour history of nausea,
vomiting, and some diarrhea. She is unable to keep fluids down and her weight is 4 pounds
less than her last recorded weight. Besides IV fluids, her exam warrants the use of an
antinausea medication. Which of the following would be the appropriate drug to order for
Josie?
1. Prochlorperazine (Compazine)
2. Meclizine (Antivert)
3. Promethazine (Phenergan)
4. Ondansetron (Zofran) - correct answer-4. Ondansetron (Zofran)
Jim presents with complaints of "heartburn" that is minimally relieved with Tums (calcium
carbonate) and is diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). An appropriate first-step
therapy would be:
,1. Omeprazole (Prilosec) twice a day
2. Ranitidine (Zantac) twice a day
3. Famotidine (Pepcid) once a day
4. Metoclopramide (Reglan) four times a day - correct answer-2. Ranitidine (Zantac) twice a day
Patients who are on chronic long-term proton pump inhibitor therapy require monitoring for:
1. Iron deficiency anemia, vitamin B12 and calcium deficiency
2. Folate and magnesium deficiency
3. Elevated uric acid levels leading to gout
4. Hypokalemia and hypocalcemia - correct answer-1. Iron deficiency anemia, vitamin B12 and
calcium deficiency
Sadie is a 72-year-old patient who takes omeprazole for her chronic GERD. Chronic long-term
omeprazole use places her at increased risk for:
1. Megaloblastic anemia
2. Osteoporosis
3. Hypertension
4. Strokes - correct answer-1. Megaloblastic anemia
Patrick is a 10-year-old patient who presents with uncomfortable constipation. Along with diet
changes, a laxative is ordered to provide more rapid relief of constipation. An appropriate choice of
medication for a 10-year-old child would be:
1. PEG 3350 (Miralax)
2. Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) suppository
3. Docusate (Colace) suppository
4. Polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution - correct answer-2. Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) suppositor
Methylnaltrexone is used to treat constipation in:
1. Patients with functional constipation
, 2. Patients with irritable bowel syndrome-associated constipation
3. Children with encopresis
4. Opioid-associated constipation - correct answer-4. Opioid-associated constipation
An elderly person has been prescribed lactulose for treatment of chronic constipation. Monitoring
with long-term treatment would include:
1. Electrolytes, including potassium and chloride
2. Bone mineral density for osteoporosis
3. Magnesium level
4. Liver function - correct answer-1. Electrolytes, including potassium and chloride
Angina is produced by an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply (MOS) and demand (MOD)
in the myocardium. Which of the following drugs help to correct this imbalance by increasing MOS?
1. Calcium channel blockers
2. Beta blockers
3. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
4. Aspirin - correct answer-3. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
Not all chest pain is caused by myocardial ischemia. Noncardiac causes of chest pain include:
1. Pulmonary embolism
2. Pneumonia
3. Gastroesophageal reflux
4. All of the above - correct answer-4. All of the above
Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are a central part of the treatment of heart failure
because they have more than one action to address the pathological changes in this disorder. Which
of the following pathological changes in heart failure is NOT addressed by ACE inhibitors?
1. Changes in the structure of the left ventricle so that it dilates, hypertrophies, and uses energy less
YIELD QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS |
LATEST TEST PREP | RECENT & MOST
TESTED TOPICS | A+ PREPARATION
Many patients self-medicate with antacids. Which patients should be counseled to not
take calcium carbonate antacids without discussing it with their provider or a pharmacist
first?
1. Patients with kidney stones
2. Pregnant patients
3. Patients with heartburn
4. Postmenopausal women - correct answer-1. Patients with kidney stones
Patients taking antacids should be educated regarding these drugs, including letting them
know that:
1. They may cause constipation or diarrhea
2. Many are high in sodium
3. They should separate antacids from other medications by 1 hour
4. All of the above - correct answer-4. All of the above
Kelly has diarrhea and is wondering if she can take loperamide (Imodium) for the diarrhea.
Loperamide:
1. Can be given to patients of all ages, including infants and children, for viral gastroenteritis
2. Slows gastric motility and reduces fluid and electrolyte loss from diarrhea
3. Is the treatment of choice for the diarrhea associated with E. coli 0157
4. May be used in pregnancy and by lactating women - correct answer-2. Slows gastric motility and
reduces fluid and electrolyte loss from diarrhea
,Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto Bismol) is a common OTC remedy for gastrointestinal
complaints. Bismuth subsalicylate:
1. May lead to toxicity if taken with aspirin
2. Is contraindicated in children with flu-like illness
3. Has antimicrobial effects against bacterial and viral enteropathogens 4. All of the above - correct
answer-4. All of the above
Hannah will be traveling to Mexico with her church group over spring break to build houses.
She is concerned she may develop traveler's diarrhea. Advice includes following normal food
and water precautions as well as taking:
1. Loperamide four times a day throughout the trip
2. Bismuth subsalicylate with each meal and at bedtime
3. A prescription for diphenoxylate with atropine to use if she gets diarrhea
4. None of the above - correct answer-2. Bismuth subsalicylate with each meal and at bedtime
Josie is a 5-year-old patient who presents to the clinic with a 48-hour history of nausea,
vomiting, and some diarrhea. She is unable to keep fluids down and her weight is 4 pounds
less than her last recorded weight. Besides IV fluids, her exam warrants the use of an
antinausea medication. Which of the following would be the appropriate drug to order for
Josie?
1. Prochlorperazine (Compazine)
2. Meclizine (Antivert)
3. Promethazine (Phenergan)
4. Ondansetron (Zofran) - correct answer-4. Ondansetron (Zofran)
Jim presents with complaints of "heartburn" that is minimally relieved with Tums (calcium
carbonate) and is diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). An appropriate first-step
therapy would be:
,1. Omeprazole (Prilosec) twice a day
2. Ranitidine (Zantac) twice a day
3. Famotidine (Pepcid) once a day
4. Metoclopramide (Reglan) four times a day - correct answer-2. Ranitidine (Zantac) twice a day
Patients who are on chronic long-term proton pump inhibitor therapy require monitoring for:
1. Iron deficiency anemia, vitamin B12 and calcium deficiency
2. Folate and magnesium deficiency
3. Elevated uric acid levels leading to gout
4. Hypokalemia and hypocalcemia - correct answer-1. Iron deficiency anemia, vitamin B12 and
calcium deficiency
Sadie is a 72-year-old patient who takes omeprazole for her chronic GERD. Chronic long-term
omeprazole use places her at increased risk for:
1. Megaloblastic anemia
2. Osteoporosis
3. Hypertension
4. Strokes - correct answer-1. Megaloblastic anemia
Patrick is a 10-year-old patient who presents with uncomfortable constipation. Along with diet
changes, a laxative is ordered to provide more rapid relief of constipation. An appropriate choice of
medication for a 10-year-old child would be:
1. PEG 3350 (Miralax)
2. Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) suppository
3. Docusate (Colace) suppository
4. Polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution - correct answer-2. Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) suppositor
Methylnaltrexone is used to treat constipation in:
1. Patients with functional constipation
, 2. Patients with irritable bowel syndrome-associated constipation
3. Children with encopresis
4. Opioid-associated constipation - correct answer-4. Opioid-associated constipation
An elderly person has been prescribed lactulose for treatment of chronic constipation. Monitoring
with long-term treatment would include:
1. Electrolytes, including potassium and chloride
2. Bone mineral density for osteoporosis
3. Magnesium level
4. Liver function - correct answer-1. Electrolytes, including potassium and chloride
Angina is produced by an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply (MOS) and demand (MOD)
in the myocardium. Which of the following drugs help to correct this imbalance by increasing MOS?
1. Calcium channel blockers
2. Beta blockers
3. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
4. Aspirin - correct answer-3. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
Not all chest pain is caused by myocardial ischemia. Noncardiac causes of chest pain include:
1. Pulmonary embolism
2. Pneumonia
3. Gastroesophageal reflux
4. All of the above - correct answer-4. All of the above
Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are a central part of the treatment of heart failure
because they have more than one action to address the pathological changes in this disorder. Which
of the following pathological changes in heart failure is NOT addressed by ACE inhibitors?
1. Changes in the structure of the left ventricle so that it dilates, hypertrophies, and uses energy less
