Hypertension And Type 2 Diabetes Updated Exam Questions And Correct Answers

HYPERTENSION AND TYPE 2 DIABETES
UPDATED EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS

●● The most common cause of secondary hypertension is:
A. Pheochromocytoma
B. Hyperthyroidism
C. Renal disease
D. Cushing syndrome
E. Acromegaly
Answer: C


●● Which endocrine disorder is a recognized cause of secondary
hypertension?
A. Addison disease
B. Graves disease
C. Cushing syndrome
D. Hypopituitarism
E. Diabetes insipidus
Answer: C


●● Preload is best defined as:

,A. Aortic pressure during systole
B. End-diastolic ventricular volume
C. Cardiac output
D. Mean arterial pressure
E. Stroke volume
Answer: B


●● Afterload refers to:
A. Venous return to the heart
B. Ventricular filling pressure
C. Resistance the ventricle must overcome to eject blood
D. End-diastolic volume
E. Cardiac preload
Answer: C


●● Normal left ventricular ejection fraction is approximately:
A. 20-35%
B. 35-45%
C. 45-55%
D. 55-70%
E. 75-90%
Answer: D

, ●● An ejection fraction below 40% is most suggestive of:
A. Normal cardiac function
B. Diastolic dysfunction only
C. Systolic heart failure
D. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
E. Aortic stenosis
Answer: C


●● Chronic hypertension most commonly causes which cardiac
adaptation?
A. Right ventricular hypertrophy
B. Left ventricular hypertrophy
C. Left atrial rupture
D. Dilated cardiomyopathy
E. Mitral stenosis
Answer: B


●● Histologically, left ventricular hypertrophy is characterized by:
A. Reed-Sternberg cells
B. Psammoma bodies
C. Boxcar nuclei