HYPERTENSION AND TYPE 2 DIABETES 17
COMPLETE FOCUSED EXAM WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
◉ How does stress contribute to CHD?
Answer: Stress increases physiological reactivity, damages blood
vessel walls, promotes inflammation, plaque buildup, and can
trigger heart attacks.
◉ How does socioeconomic status (SES) affect CHD risk?
Answer: Low SES is linked to greater stress, poorer access to healthy
food and healthcare, earlier symptom development, and worse
recovery.
◉ What role does discrimination play in CHD?
Answer: Discrimination increases stress, cardiovascular reactivity,
inflammation, and cortisol dysregulation, raising CHD risk.
◉ Why is CHD especially important for women?
Answer: It is the leading cause of death in women; women are often
diagnosed later and have higher mortality after a first heart attack.
◉ How does menopause affect CHD risk in women?
, Answer: Loss of estrogen protection increases blood pressure,
cholesterol, triglycerides, and cardiovascular reactivity.
◉ What is cynical hostility?
Answer: A personality trait involving distrust, resentment,
suspicion, anger, and antagonism toward others that increases CHD
risk.
◉ How does hostility increase CHD risk?
Answer: Through heightened cardiovascular reactivity,
inflammation, poor social relationships, unhealthy behaviors, and
slower recovery from stress.
◉ Why is depression considered a major CHD risk factor?
Answer: Depression promotes inflammation, unhealthy behaviors,
poorer treatment adherence, heart attacks, heart failure, and
increased mortality.
◉ What protective psychosocial factors reduce CHD risk?
Answer: Social support, optimism, positive emotions, emotional
vitality, conscientiousness, mastery, and overall well-being.
◉ What are the key components of cardiac rehabilitation?
COMPLETE FOCUSED EXAM WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
◉ How does stress contribute to CHD?
Answer: Stress increases physiological reactivity, damages blood
vessel walls, promotes inflammation, plaque buildup, and can
trigger heart attacks.
◉ How does socioeconomic status (SES) affect CHD risk?
Answer: Low SES is linked to greater stress, poorer access to healthy
food and healthcare, earlier symptom development, and worse
recovery.
◉ What role does discrimination play in CHD?
Answer: Discrimination increases stress, cardiovascular reactivity,
inflammation, and cortisol dysregulation, raising CHD risk.
◉ Why is CHD especially important for women?
Answer: It is the leading cause of death in women; women are often
diagnosed later and have higher mortality after a first heart attack.
◉ How does menopause affect CHD risk in women?
, Answer: Loss of estrogen protection increases blood pressure,
cholesterol, triglycerides, and cardiovascular reactivity.
◉ What is cynical hostility?
Answer: A personality trait involving distrust, resentment,
suspicion, anger, and antagonism toward others that increases CHD
risk.
◉ How does hostility increase CHD risk?
Answer: Through heightened cardiovascular reactivity,
inflammation, poor social relationships, unhealthy behaviors, and
slower recovery from stress.
◉ Why is depression considered a major CHD risk factor?
Answer: Depression promotes inflammation, unhealthy behaviors,
poorer treatment adherence, heart attacks, heart failure, and
increased mortality.
◉ What protective psychosocial factors reduce CHD risk?
Answer: Social support, optimism, positive emotions, emotional
vitality, conscientiousness, mastery, and overall well-being.
◉ What are the key components of cardiac rehabilitation?
