NR324 Adult Health I Review Questions with
Verified Correct Answers
You are caring for a patient admitted with diabetes, malnutrition, and a massive GI
bleed. In analyzing the morning lab results, the nurse understands that a potassium
level of 5.5 mEq/L could be caused by which factors in this patient? (Select all that
apply.)
-The potassium level may be increased if the patient has nephropathy.
-The patient has been eating excessive amounts of foods that increase potassium levels.
-The patient may be excreting extra sodium and retaining potassium secondary to
malnutrition.
-There may be excess potassium being released into the blood as a result of massive
blood transfusion.
-The potassium level may be increased because of dehydration that accompanies high
blood glucose levels.
-The potassium level may be increased if the patient has nephropathy.
-There may be excess potassium being released into the blood as a result of massive blood
transfusion.
-The potassium level may be increased because of dehydration that accompanies high blood
glucose levels.
Rationale:
Hyperkalemia may result from hyperglycemia, renal insufficiency, or cell death.
,The nurse is caring for a patient admitted to the medical unit with hypokalemia. The
best foods to offer the patient are? (Select all that apply.)
1. Apple
2. Banana
3. Orange juice
4. Chocolate milk
5. Cooked broccoli
2, 3, 4, & 5
Which nursing intervention is most appropriate when caring for a patient with
dehydration?
A. Monitor skin turgor every shift
B. Auscultate lung sounds every 2 hours
C. Monitor daily weight and I&Os
D. Encourage the patient to reduce sodium intake
C. Monitor daily weight and I&Os
Rationale:
Measuring weight is the most reliable means of detecting changes in fluid balance.
,Which serum potassium result best supports the rationale for administering a stat dose
of IV potassium chloride 20 mEq in 200 mL of normal saline over 2 hours?
A. 3.1 mEq/L
B. 3.5 mEq/L
C. 4.6 mEq/L
D. 5.3 mEq/L
A. 3.1 mEq/L
You are caring for a client admitted with HF. The morning lab results reveal a serum
potassium level of 2.9 mEq/L. You should hold a medication from which classification
until you consult with the health care provider?
A. Antibiotics
B. Loop diuretics
C. Bronchodilators
D. Antihypertensives
B. Loop diuretics
Rationale:
Loop diuretics are contraindicated during episodes of hypokalemia because these medications
cause the kidneys to excrete sodium and potassium.
You are caring for a patient admitted with an exacerbation of asthma. After several
treatments, the ABG results are pH 7.40, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, HCO3 24 mEq/L, PaO2 92
mm Hg, and O2 saturation of 99%. You interpret these results as:
, A. Metabolic acidosis.
B. Respiratory acidosis.
C. Respiratory alkalosis.
D. Within normal limits.
D. Within normal limits
Nursing Diagnoses for ECF Volume Deficit
◦Fluid imbalance
◦Impaired cardiac output
◦Acute confusion
◦Potential complication: Hypovolemic shock
A 22-yr-old man is admitted to the emergency department with a stab wound to the
abdomen. The patient’s vital signs are blood pressure 82/56 mm Hg, pulse 132
beats/min, respirations 28 breaths/min, and temperature 97.9° F (36.6° C). Which fluid,
if ordered by the health care provider, should the nurse question?
A. 0.45% saline
B. 0.9% saline
C. Packed red blood cells
D. Lactated Ringer’s solution
A. 045% saline
When assessing the patient with a multi-lumen central line, the nurse notices that the
cap is off one of the lines. On assessment, the patient is in respiratory distress and the
Verified Correct Answers
You are caring for a patient admitted with diabetes, malnutrition, and a massive GI
bleed. In analyzing the morning lab results, the nurse understands that a potassium
level of 5.5 mEq/L could be caused by which factors in this patient? (Select all that
apply.)
-The potassium level may be increased if the patient has nephropathy.
-The patient has been eating excessive amounts of foods that increase potassium levels.
-The patient may be excreting extra sodium and retaining potassium secondary to
malnutrition.
-There may be excess potassium being released into the blood as a result of massive
blood transfusion.
-The potassium level may be increased because of dehydration that accompanies high
blood glucose levels.
-The potassium level may be increased if the patient has nephropathy.
-There may be excess potassium being released into the blood as a result of massive blood
transfusion.
-The potassium level may be increased because of dehydration that accompanies high blood
glucose levels.
Rationale:
Hyperkalemia may result from hyperglycemia, renal insufficiency, or cell death.
,The nurse is caring for a patient admitted to the medical unit with hypokalemia. The
best foods to offer the patient are? (Select all that apply.)
1. Apple
2. Banana
3. Orange juice
4. Chocolate milk
5. Cooked broccoli
2, 3, 4, & 5
Which nursing intervention is most appropriate when caring for a patient with
dehydration?
A. Monitor skin turgor every shift
B. Auscultate lung sounds every 2 hours
C. Monitor daily weight and I&Os
D. Encourage the patient to reduce sodium intake
C. Monitor daily weight and I&Os
Rationale:
Measuring weight is the most reliable means of detecting changes in fluid balance.
,Which serum potassium result best supports the rationale for administering a stat dose
of IV potassium chloride 20 mEq in 200 mL of normal saline over 2 hours?
A. 3.1 mEq/L
B. 3.5 mEq/L
C. 4.6 mEq/L
D. 5.3 mEq/L
A. 3.1 mEq/L
You are caring for a client admitted with HF. The morning lab results reveal a serum
potassium level of 2.9 mEq/L. You should hold a medication from which classification
until you consult with the health care provider?
A. Antibiotics
B. Loop diuretics
C. Bronchodilators
D. Antihypertensives
B. Loop diuretics
Rationale:
Loop diuretics are contraindicated during episodes of hypokalemia because these medications
cause the kidneys to excrete sodium and potassium.
You are caring for a patient admitted with an exacerbation of asthma. After several
treatments, the ABG results are pH 7.40, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, HCO3 24 mEq/L, PaO2 92
mm Hg, and O2 saturation of 99%. You interpret these results as:
, A. Metabolic acidosis.
B. Respiratory acidosis.
C. Respiratory alkalosis.
D. Within normal limits.
D. Within normal limits
Nursing Diagnoses for ECF Volume Deficit
◦Fluid imbalance
◦Impaired cardiac output
◦Acute confusion
◦Potential complication: Hypovolemic shock
A 22-yr-old man is admitted to the emergency department with a stab wound to the
abdomen. The patient’s vital signs are blood pressure 82/56 mm Hg, pulse 132
beats/min, respirations 28 breaths/min, and temperature 97.9° F (36.6° C). Which fluid,
if ordered by the health care provider, should the nurse question?
A. 0.45% saline
B. 0.9% saline
C. Packed red blood cells
D. Lactated Ringer’s solution
A. 045% saline
When assessing the patient with a multi-lumen central line, the nurse notices that the
cap is off one of the lines. On assessment, the patient is in respiratory distress and the
