NUR 529 EXAM 1
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1. Define Pathogenesis explains how the disease process evolves. Sequence of cellular
and tissue events that take place from the time of initial contact
with an etiologic agent until the ultimate expression of disease.
2. Define Morphology Refers to the fundamental structure or form of cells or tissues.
These changes are concerned with both the gross anatomic and
microscopic changes that are characteristics of a disease.
3. Define Histology Deals with the study of cells and extracellular matrix of body
tissues. Histologic sections play an important role in the diagnosis
of many types of cancers.
4. Define Clinical Manifesta- Sometimes, the condition produces manifestations, such as fever,
tions that make it evident that the person is sick (S&S)
5. Define Diagnosis designation as to the nature or cause of a health problem. The
diagnostic process requires a careful history, physical examination,
and diagnostic test.
6. Define Clinical Course Describes the evolution of a disease. A disease can have an acute,
subacute, or chronic course.
Acute disorder is one that is relatively severe, but self-limiting.
Chronic disease implies continuous, long-term process. Subacute
disease is an intermediate or between acute and chronic; not
as severe as an acute disease and not as prolonged as chronic
disease.
7. What is a disease? It is considered an acute or chronic illness that one aquires or is
born with that causes physiologic dysfunction in one or more body
systems.
, NUR 529 EXAM 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_elkxi8
Each one generally has specific signs and symptoms that charac-
terize its pathology and identifiable etiology.
8. What is Cellular Hyperpla- Refers to an increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue.
sia? It occurs in tissues with cells that are capable of mitotic division,
such as the epidermis, intestinal epithelium, and glandular tissue.
9. Two common types of Hy- Examples include: breast and uterine enlargement during preg-
perplasia-Physiologic: hor- nancy.
monal and compensatory
what are examples of hor-
monal
10. Two common types of Hy- Examples: regeneration of the liver partial hepatectomy
perplasia-Physiologic: hor-
monal and compensatory
what are examples of com-
pensatory
11. There is nonphysiologic-hy- excessive estrogen production can cause endometrial hyperplasia
perplasia that are due to ex- and abnormal menstrual bleeding, benign prostatic hyperplasia
cessive hormonal stimula- is related to action of androgens.
tion or the effects of growth
factors on target issues. Ex-
amples are:
12. Metaplasia represents a re- Usually it occurs in response to chronic irritation and inflammation
versible change in which and allows for substitution of cells that are able to survive under
one adult cell type (epithe- circumstances in which a more fragile cell type might succumb
lial or mesenchymal) is re-
placed by another cell type
it is thought to involve re-
programming of undiffer-
, NUR 529 EXAM 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_elkxi8
entiated stem cells that are
present in the tissue under-
going these changes. It oc-
curs how? and what does it
allow?
13. Metaplasia Examples adaptive substitution of stratified squamous epithelial cells for
ciliated columnar epithelial cells in trachea and large airways of
habitual cigarette smoker.
14. Dysplasia is characterized cancer. changes have been found adjacent to the foci of cancerous
by the deranged cell growth transformation.
of a specific tissue that re-
sults in cells that vary in
size, shape, and organiza-
tion. Minor degrees of dys-
plasia are associated with
chronic irritation or inflam-
mation. Dysplasia strongly
indicates
15. Dysplasia examples seen in cancers of the respiratory tract and uterine cervix, and seen
in cases of preterm babies having been ventilated and intubated.
16. What is a pap smear? screening test for cervical cancer, it has been documented that
cancer of the uterine cervix develops in a series of incremental ep-
ithelial changes ranging from severe dysplasia to invasive cancer.
17. What is necrosis? refers to cell death in an organ or tissue that is still part of a living
organism.
18. Liquefaction of Necrosis oc- softening of the center of an abscess with discharge of its contents
curs when some of the cells (Think Wet-Rotten Fruit).
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_elkxi8
1. Define Pathogenesis explains how the disease process evolves. Sequence of cellular
and tissue events that take place from the time of initial contact
with an etiologic agent until the ultimate expression of disease.
2. Define Morphology Refers to the fundamental structure or form of cells or tissues.
These changes are concerned with both the gross anatomic and
microscopic changes that are characteristics of a disease.
3. Define Histology Deals with the study of cells and extracellular matrix of body
tissues. Histologic sections play an important role in the diagnosis
of many types of cancers.
4. Define Clinical Manifesta- Sometimes, the condition produces manifestations, such as fever,
tions that make it evident that the person is sick (S&S)
5. Define Diagnosis designation as to the nature or cause of a health problem. The
diagnostic process requires a careful history, physical examination,
and diagnostic test.
6. Define Clinical Course Describes the evolution of a disease. A disease can have an acute,
subacute, or chronic course.
Acute disorder is one that is relatively severe, but self-limiting.
Chronic disease implies continuous, long-term process. Subacute
disease is an intermediate or between acute and chronic; not
as severe as an acute disease and not as prolonged as chronic
disease.
7. What is a disease? It is considered an acute or chronic illness that one aquires or is
born with that causes physiologic dysfunction in one or more body
systems.
, NUR 529 EXAM 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_elkxi8
Each one generally has specific signs and symptoms that charac-
terize its pathology and identifiable etiology.
8. What is Cellular Hyperpla- Refers to an increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue.
sia? It occurs in tissues with cells that are capable of mitotic division,
such as the epidermis, intestinal epithelium, and glandular tissue.
9. Two common types of Hy- Examples include: breast and uterine enlargement during preg-
perplasia-Physiologic: hor- nancy.
monal and compensatory
what are examples of hor-
monal
10. Two common types of Hy- Examples: regeneration of the liver partial hepatectomy
perplasia-Physiologic: hor-
monal and compensatory
what are examples of com-
pensatory
11. There is nonphysiologic-hy- excessive estrogen production can cause endometrial hyperplasia
perplasia that are due to ex- and abnormal menstrual bleeding, benign prostatic hyperplasia
cessive hormonal stimula- is related to action of androgens.
tion or the effects of growth
factors on target issues. Ex-
amples are:
12. Metaplasia represents a re- Usually it occurs in response to chronic irritation and inflammation
versible change in which and allows for substitution of cells that are able to survive under
one adult cell type (epithe- circumstances in which a more fragile cell type might succumb
lial or mesenchymal) is re-
placed by another cell type
it is thought to involve re-
programming of undiffer-
, NUR 529 EXAM 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_elkxi8
entiated stem cells that are
present in the tissue under-
going these changes. It oc-
curs how? and what does it
allow?
13. Metaplasia Examples adaptive substitution of stratified squamous epithelial cells for
ciliated columnar epithelial cells in trachea and large airways of
habitual cigarette smoker.
14. Dysplasia is characterized cancer. changes have been found adjacent to the foci of cancerous
by the deranged cell growth transformation.
of a specific tissue that re-
sults in cells that vary in
size, shape, and organiza-
tion. Minor degrees of dys-
plasia are associated with
chronic irritation or inflam-
mation. Dysplasia strongly
indicates
15. Dysplasia examples seen in cancers of the respiratory tract and uterine cervix, and seen
in cases of preterm babies having been ventilated and intubated.
16. What is a pap smear? screening test for cervical cancer, it has been documented that
cancer of the uterine cervix develops in a series of incremental ep-
ithelial changes ranging from severe dysplasia to invasive cancer.
17. What is necrosis? refers to cell death in an organ or tissue that is still part of a living
organism.
18. Liquefaction of Necrosis oc- softening of the center of an abscess with discharge of its contents
curs when some of the cells (Think Wet-Rotten Fruit).
