Adult Health II PRACTICE 250
QUESTIONS |ORIGINAL
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
|DETAILED RATIONALES
|HINTED COMPLETE EXAM
PREP GRADED A+*INSTANT
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Cardiovascular Disorders
1.
A client with left-sided heart failure is most likely to develop which
assessment finding?
A. Dependent peripheral edema
B. Jugular venous distention
C. Pulmonary crackles
D. Hepatomegaly
Answer: C. Pulmonary crackles
Left-sided heart failure causes pulmonary congestion, producing
crackles, dyspnea, and orthopnea. Right-sided failure more
commonly causes peripheral edema, jugular venous distention, and
hepatomegaly.
,2.
Which finding in a client with heart failure should the nurse report
immediately?
A. Weight gain of 0.5 kg over one week
B. Mild fatigue after activity
C. New onset of severe dyspnea at rest
D. Heart rate of 88/min
Answer: C. New onset of severe dyspnea at rest
Severe dyspnea at rest can indicate acute pulmonary edema or
worsening heart failure and requires immediate intervention.
3.
A client taking furosemide should be monitored most closely for
which electrolyte imbalance?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hypermagnesemia
Answer: C. Hypokalemia
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that increases urinary potassium loss.
Hypokalemia can cause weakness and potentially dangerous
dysrhythmias.
4.
Which dietary instruction is most appropriate for a client with heart
failure?
A. Increase sodium intake
B. Restrict sodium as prescribed
C. Consume unlimited fluids
D. Increase processed foods
,Answer: B. Restrict sodium as prescribed
Reducing sodium helps decrease fluid retention and cardiac workload
in clients with heart failure.
5.
A client with acute pulmonary edema is extremely dyspneic and
coughing frothy sputum. Which position should the nurse use?
A. Supine
B. Trendelenburg
C. High-Fowler's
D. Prone
Answer: C. High-Fowler's
High-Fowler's positioning promotes lung expansion and decreases
venous return to the heart, helping reduce pulmonary congestion.
6.
Which finding is most characteristic of right-sided heart failure?
A. Pulmonary crackles
B. Pink frothy sputum
C. Peripheral edema
D. Hemoptysis
Answer: C. Peripheral edema
Right-sided heart failure causes systemic venous congestion,
commonly manifested by peripheral edema, jugular venous
distention, and hepatomegaly.
7.
A client with atrial fibrillation is prescribed an anticoagulant. What is
the primary purpose?
, A. Increase heart rate
B. Prevent thromboembolism
C. Improve ventricular contractility
D. Reduce potassium loss
Answer: B. Prevent thromboembolism
Atrial fibrillation promotes blood stasis in the atria, increasing the
risk of thrombus formation and embolic stroke.
8.
Which assessment finding is most concerning in a client with atrial
fibrillation?
A. Irregular pulse
B. Heart rate of 82/min
C. Sudden unilateral weakness
D. Mild fatigue
Answer: C. Sudden unilateral weakness
Sudden unilateral weakness may indicate an acute ischemic stroke
caused by an embolus.
9.
A client reports crushing substernal chest pain radiating to the left
arm. What should the nurse do first?
A. Obtain a 12-lead ECG
B. Encourage ambulation
C. Offer a meal
D. Place the client flat
Answer: A. Obtain a 12-lead ECG
An ECG is a priority diagnostic assessment in suspected acute
coronary syndrome and helps identify myocardial ischemia or
infarction.
QUESTIONS |ORIGINAL
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
|DETAILED RATIONALES
|HINTED COMPLETE EXAM
PREP GRADED A+*INSTANT
DOWNLOAD PDF
Cardiovascular Disorders
1.
A client with left-sided heart failure is most likely to develop which
assessment finding?
A. Dependent peripheral edema
B. Jugular venous distention
C. Pulmonary crackles
D. Hepatomegaly
Answer: C. Pulmonary crackles
Left-sided heart failure causes pulmonary congestion, producing
crackles, dyspnea, and orthopnea. Right-sided failure more
commonly causes peripheral edema, jugular venous distention, and
hepatomegaly.
,2.
Which finding in a client with heart failure should the nurse report
immediately?
A. Weight gain of 0.5 kg over one week
B. Mild fatigue after activity
C. New onset of severe dyspnea at rest
D. Heart rate of 88/min
Answer: C. New onset of severe dyspnea at rest
Severe dyspnea at rest can indicate acute pulmonary edema or
worsening heart failure and requires immediate intervention.
3.
A client taking furosemide should be monitored most closely for
which electrolyte imbalance?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hypermagnesemia
Answer: C. Hypokalemia
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that increases urinary potassium loss.
Hypokalemia can cause weakness and potentially dangerous
dysrhythmias.
4.
Which dietary instruction is most appropriate for a client with heart
failure?
A. Increase sodium intake
B. Restrict sodium as prescribed
C. Consume unlimited fluids
D. Increase processed foods
,Answer: B. Restrict sodium as prescribed
Reducing sodium helps decrease fluid retention and cardiac workload
in clients with heart failure.
5.
A client with acute pulmonary edema is extremely dyspneic and
coughing frothy sputum. Which position should the nurse use?
A. Supine
B. Trendelenburg
C. High-Fowler's
D. Prone
Answer: C. High-Fowler's
High-Fowler's positioning promotes lung expansion and decreases
venous return to the heart, helping reduce pulmonary congestion.
6.
Which finding is most characteristic of right-sided heart failure?
A. Pulmonary crackles
B. Pink frothy sputum
C. Peripheral edema
D. Hemoptysis
Answer: C. Peripheral edema
Right-sided heart failure causes systemic venous congestion,
commonly manifested by peripheral edema, jugular venous
distention, and hepatomegaly.
7.
A client with atrial fibrillation is prescribed an anticoagulant. What is
the primary purpose?
, A. Increase heart rate
B. Prevent thromboembolism
C. Improve ventricular contractility
D. Reduce potassium loss
Answer: B. Prevent thromboembolism
Atrial fibrillation promotes blood stasis in the atria, increasing the
risk of thrombus formation and embolic stroke.
8.
Which assessment finding is most concerning in a client with atrial
fibrillation?
A. Irregular pulse
B. Heart rate of 82/min
C. Sudden unilateral weakness
D. Mild fatigue
Answer: C. Sudden unilateral weakness
Sudden unilateral weakness may indicate an acute ischemic stroke
caused by an embolus.
9.
A client reports crushing substernal chest pain radiating to the left
arm. What should the nurse do first?
A. Obtain a 12-lead ECG
B. Encourage ambulation
C. Offer a meal
D. Place the client flat
Answer: A. Obtain a 12-lead ECG
An ECG is a priority diagnostic assessment in suspected acute
coronary syndrome and helps identify myocardial ischemia or
infarction.
