the cardiac cycle
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initiated by the SA node
1. atrial contraction
2. isovolumetric contraction
3. rapid ejection
4. reduced ejection
5. isovolumetric relaxation
6. rapid filling
7. reduced filling
SA node signals the atria to contract and then sends an
impulse to the AV node that signals the ventricles to
contract (3-5) purkinje fibers then ensure synchronized
contraction of the ventricles
,cardiovascular diseases (CVD)
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- stable angina
- acute coronary syndrome
-- unstable angina
-- MI (non-ST elevation MI (NSTEMI), ST elevation MI)
- MI
- heart failure
target blood lipid profile (fasting)
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- total cholesterol (TC): 200 mg/dL or less
- HDL cholesterol: men >40 mg/dL; women >50 mg/dL
- triglycerides (TFG): 150 mg/dL or less
- LDL cholesterol: <100 mg/dL: <70 mg/dL for high risk pts
PCI with stent placement
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, - on the outside of the balloon, they place a mesh cuff or
stent
- when they withdraw the balloon, the mesh stent stays to
keep the vein/artery open
- some stents are drug eluting. they elute drugs that ward
off more atherosclerosis like blood thinners or clotting
atherosclerosis
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condition in which fatty deposits called plaque build up on
the inner walls of the arteries
echocardiography - ejection fraction
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ejection fraction (EF): percentage of total blood in the left ventricle that is
pushed out with each beat
normal - between 55% and 65% (pt. with HF will have a lower EF)
example: an EF of 60% means that 60% of the total amount of blood in the
left ventricle is pushed out with each heartbeat
* you can have a normal ejection fraction reading and still have heart
failure)
abnormal - 75% of greater - may indicate a heart condition like
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Give this one a try later!
initiated by the SA node
1. atrial contraction
2. isovolumetric contraction
3. rapid ejection
4. reduced ejection
5. isovolumetric relaxation
6. rapid filling
7. reduced filling
SA node signals the atria to contract and then sends an
impulse to the AV node that signals the ventricles to
contract (3-5) purkinje fibers then ensure synchronized
contraction of the ventricles
,cardiovascular diseases (CVD)
Give this one a try later!
- stable angina
- acute coronary syndrome
-- unstable angina
-- MI (non-ST elevation MI (NSTEMI), ST elevation MI)
- MI
- heart failure
target blood lipid profile (fasting)
Give this one a try later!
- total cholesterol (TC): 200 mg/dL or less
- HDL cholesterol: men >40 mg/dL; women >50 mg/dL
- triglycerides (TFG): 150 mg/dL or less
- LDL cholesterol: <100 mg/dL: <70 mg/dL for high risk pts
PCI with stent placement
Give this one a try later!
, - on the outside of the balloon, they place a mesh cuff or
stent
- when they withdraw the balloon, the mesh stent stays to
keep the vein/artery open
- some stents are drug eluting. they elute drugs that ward
off more atherosclerosis like blood thinners or clotting
atherosclerosis
Give this one a try later!
condition in which fatty deposits called plaque build up on
the inner walls of the arteries
echocardiography - ejection fraction
Give this one a try later!
ejection fraction (EF): percentage of total blood in the left ventricle that is
pushed out with each beat
normal - between 55% and 65% (pt. with HF will have a lower EF)
example: an EF of 60% means that 60% of the total amount of blood in the
left ventricle is pushed out with each heartbeat
* you can have a normal ejection fraction reading and still have heart
failure)
abnormal - 75% of greater - may indicate a heart condition like
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
