NR 601 MIDTERM EXAM (PRIMARY CARE) –
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | VERIFIED AND
WELL DETAILED ANSWERS | PLUS RATIONALES |
DOWNLOAD AND PASS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE
2026/2027 – COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | VERIFIED AND WELLDETAILED
ANSWERS | DETAILED EXPLANATIONS AND
RATIONALES | COMPLETE EXAM PREPARATION
STUDY GUIDE | PRACTICE QUESTIONS | LATEST
EXAM UPDATE
• CORE DOMAINS*
•
• Geriatric Assessment and Normal Aging
• Health Promotion, Prevention, and Screening
• Cardiovascular Disorders in Older Adults
• Respiratory Disorders and Pulmonary Assessment
• Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
• Neurologic and Neurocognitive Disorders
• Musculoskeletal Disorders, Osteoporosis, and Falls
• Genitourinary Health and Incontinence
• Pharmacology, Polypharmacy, and Medication Safety
• Chronic Disease Management, Functional Health, and Palliative Care
• INTRODUCTION*
•
,This comprehensive practice assessment is designed to strengthen knowledge and clinical
reasoning in primary care of the maturing and aged adult. The questions assess foundational
concepts, normal physiologic changes, preventive care, chronic disease management,
diagnostic reasoning, pharmacologic safety, functional assessment, and common conditions
encountered in older adults. Multiple-choice questions are used to develop recognition,
interpretation, application, and clinical decision-making skills. Emphasis is placed on
understanding why an answer is appropriate rather than memorizing isolated facts.
Scenario-based questions provide opportunities to apply primary-care principles to realistic
patient situations and distinguish closely related diagnoses, interventions, and safety
considerations.
QUESTIONS 1–100
GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT, AGING PHYSIOLOGY, AND HEALTH PROMOTION
Question 1. Which assessment best evaluates an older adult's ability to perform basic
activities of daily living (ADLs)?
A. Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale
B. Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living
C. Mini-Cog
D. Geriatric Depression Scale
Correct Answer: B. Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living
Explanation: The Katz Index evaluates basic ADLs such as bathing, dressing, toileting,
transferring, continence, and feeding. The Lawton scale focuses on more complex
instrumental activities.
Question 2. Which activity is considered an instrumental activity of daily living (IADL)?
A. Feeding oneself
B. Bathing independently
C. Managing medications
D. Transferring from bed to chair
Correct Answer: C. Managing medications
Explanation: IADLs involve more complex tasks necessary for independent living, including
medication management, finances, transportation, shopping, cooking, and telephone use.
Question 3. An 82-year-old patient lives alone and reports difficulty shopping, preparing
meals, and managing medications. Which assessment is most appropriate?
A. Lawton IADL scale
B. Glasgow Coma Scale
, C. Braden Scale
D. Snellen chart
Correct Answer: A. Lawton IADL scale
Explanation: The Lawton scale assesses higher-level activities required for independent
community living, making it appropriate for this patient's concerns.
Question 4. Which physiologic change is commonly associated with normal aging?
A. Increased total body water
B. Increased renal clearance
C. Reduced skin elasticity
D. Increased muscle mass
Correct Answer: C. Reduced skin elasticity
Explanation: Aging commonly produces decreased collagen and elastin, resulting in thinner,
less elastic skin. Total body water, muscle mass, and renal clearance generally decrease.
Question 5. Why can older adults be more vulnerable to dehydration?
A. They consistently have increased thirst
B. Aging can reduce thirst perception and total body water
C. Aging increases renal concentrating ability
D. Older adults normally drink excessive amounts of water
Correct Answer: B. Aging can reduce thirst perception and total body water
Explanation: Reduced thirst sensation and lower total body water reserve can make
dehydration develop more easily in older adults.
Question 6. Which finding most strongly suggests functional decline in an older adult?
A. Mild decrease in hair pigmentation
B. Increasing difficulty performing usual daily activities
C. Presence of gray hair
D. Mild reduction in visual accommodation
Correct Answer: B. Increasing difficulty performing usual daily activities
Explanation: Functional decline refers to loss of ability to perform previously manageable
activities and is clinically important when assessing independence and care needs.
Question 7. Which approach is most appropriate when obtaining a health history from an
older adult with hearing impairment?
A. Speak rapidly to avoid fatigue
B. Speak while facing away from the patient
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | VERIFIED AND
WELL DETAILED ANSWERS | PLUS RATIONALES |
DOWNLOAD AND PASS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE
2026/2027 – COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | VERIFIED AND WELLDETAILED
ANSWERS | DETAILED EXPLANATIONS AND
RATIONALES | COMPLETE EXAM PREPARATION
STUDY GUIDE | PRACTICE QUESTIONS | LATEST
EXAM UPDATE
• CORE DOMAINS*
•
• Geriatric Assessment and Normal Aging
• Health Promotion, Prevention, and Screening
• Cardiovascular Disorders in Older Adults
• Respiratory Disorders and Pulmonary Assessment
• Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
• Neurologic and Neurocognitive Disorders
• Musculoskeletal Disorders, Osteoporosis, and Falls
• Genitourinary Health and Incontinence
• Pharmacology, Polypharmacy, and Medication Safety
• Chronic Disease Management, Functional Health, and Palliative Care
• INTRODUCTION*
•
,This comprehensive practice assessment is designed to strengthen knowledge and clinical
reasoning in primary care of the maturing and aged adult. The questions assess foundational
concepts, normal physiologic changes, preventive care, chronic disease management,
diagnostic reasoning, pharmacologic safety, functional assessment, and common conditions
encountered in older adults. Multiple-choice questions are used to develop recognition,
interpretation, application, and clinical decision-making skills. Emphasis is placed on
understanding why an answer is appropriate rather than memorizing isolated facts.
Scenario-based questions provide opportunities to apply primary-care principles to realistic
patient situations and distinguish closely related diagnoses, interventions, and safety
considerations.
QUESTIONS 1–100
GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT, AGING PHYSIOLOGY, AND HEALTH PROMOTION
Question 1. Which assessment best evaluates an older adult's ability to perform basic
activities of daily living (ADLs)?
A. Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale
B. Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living
C. Mini-Cog
D. Geriatric Depression Scale
Correct Answer: B. Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living
Explanation: The Katz Index evaluates basic ADLs such as bathing, dressing, toileting,
transferring, continence, and feeding. The Lawton scale focuses on more complex
instrumental activities.
Question 2. Which activity is considered an instrumental activity of daily living (IADL)?
A. Feeding oneself
B. Bathing independently
C. Managing medications
D. Transferring from bed to chair
Correct Answer: C. Managing medications
Explanation: IADLs involve more complex tasks necessary for independent living, including
medication management, finances, transportation, shopping, cooking, and telephone use.
Question 3. An 82-year-old patient lives alone and reports difficulty shopping, preparing
meals, and managing medications. Which assessment is most appropriate?
A. Lawton IADL scale
B. Glasgow Coma Scale
, C. Braden Scale
D. Snellen chart
Correct Answer: A. Lawton IADL scale
Explanation: The Lawton scale assesses higher-level activities required for independent
community living, making it appropriate for this patient's concerns.
Question 4. Which physiologic change is commonly associated with normal aging?
A. Increased total body water
B. Increased renal clearance
C. Reduced skin elasticity
D. Increased muscle mass
Correct Answer: C. Reduced skin elasticity
Explanation: Aging commonly produces decreased collagen and elastin, resulting in thinner,
less elastic skin. Total body water, muscle mass, and renal clearance generally decrease.
Question 5. Why can older adults be more vulnerable to dehydration?
A. They consistently have increased thirst
B. Aging can reduce thirst perception and total body water
C. Aging increases renal concentrating ability
D. Older adults normally drink excessive amounts of water
Correct Answer: B. Aging can reduce thirst perception and total body water
Explanation: Reduced thirst sensation and lower total body water reserve can make
dehydration develop more easily in older adults.
Question 6. Which finding most strongly suggests functional decline in an older adult?
A. Mild decrease in hair pigmentation
B. Increasing difficulty performing usual daily activities
C. Presence of gray hair
D. Mild reduction in visual accommodation
Correct Answer: B. Increasing difficulty performing usual daily activities
Explanation: Functional decline refers to loss of ability to perform previously manageable
activities and is clinically important when assessing independence and care needs.
Question 7. Which approach is most appropriate when obtaining a health history from an
older adult with hearing impairment?
A. Speak rapidly to avoid fatigue
B. Speak while facing away from the patient
