PSYC 210 Exam Questions with CORRECT Answers (Grade A+)
Question 1:
Wilhelm Wundt (1879)
Answer:
Structuralism: Mental events can be broken down into their components in the same way elements
are.
Question 2:
William James (1890)
Answer:
Principles of Psychology. "Psychology is the science of mental life, both of its phenomena and their
conditions."
Question 3:
The Scientific Method (Heiman 1995)
Answer:
Consists of certain assumptions, goals, and procedures for creating and answering questions
Question 4:
Authority Approach (to understanding)
Answer:
Seeking knowledge from sources thought to be reliable and valid. Advantage: allows us to assimilate
existing knowledge Caution: do not follow blindly; there is a need to critically evaluate sources.
Question 5:
Analogy to Approach (to understanding)
Answer:
An analogy between some new event and a more familiar understandable event. Problem: Open to a
number of interpretations.
,Question 6:
Rule Approach (to understanding)
Answer:
Try to establish laws or rules that cover a variety of different observations. Advantage: can save time
and effort Disadvantage: if followed blindly, can also threaten advancement of understanding.
Question 7:
Empirical Approach (to understanding)
Answer:
Testing ideas against actual events.
Question 8:
A DV is .... if it measures what it's supposed to
Answer:
Validity
Question 9:
A DV is .... if, under the same conditions, it gives the same measure and contains a minimum of
measurement error.
Answer:
Reliability
Question 10:
When a task is so difficult that all scores are low.
Answer:
Floor Effect
Question 11:
When a task is so easy that all scores are very high.
Answer:
Ceiling Effect
, Question 12:
Nominal Scale
Answer:
Categorises without ordering. e.g. Gender, M=1 F=2
Question 13:
Ordinal Scale
Answer:
Categorises and orders the categories. Bigger means more, but the distance between points is not
equal. e.g. Tennis world rankings.
Question 14:
Interval Scale
Answer:
Categorises, orders, and establishes an equal unit of measurement in the scale. The distance between
points is considered equal. e.g. Degrees Celsius.
Question 15:
Ratio Scale
Answer:
Categorises, orders, and establishes an equal unit in the scale and contains a true point zero. Allows
ratio statements "Twice as big". e.g. the number of questions recalled on a memory task.
Question 16:
Woodford, Castellan and Brooks (1983)
Answer:
The Pepsi challenge. Cups labelled 'S' and 'L', but both cups contained the same drink. 85% of the time,
people favoured drink 'S'.
Question 17:
Chaiken and Pliner (1987)
Question 1:
Wilhelm Wundt (1879)
Answer:
Structuralism: Mental events can be broken down into their components in the same way elements
are.
Question 2:
William James (1890)
Answer:
Principles of Psychology. "Psychology is the science of mental life, both of its phenomena and their
conditions."
Question 3:
The Scientific Method (Heiman 1995)
Answer:
Consists of certain assumptions, goals, and procedures for creating and answering questions
Question 4:
Authority Approach (to understanding)
Answer:
Seeking knowledge from sources thought to be reliable and valid. Advantage: allows us to assimilate
existing knowledge Caution: do not follow blindly; there is a need to critically evaluate sources.
Question 5:
Analogy to Approach (to understanding)
Answer:
An analogy between some new event and a more familiar understandable event. Problem: Open to a
number of interpretations.
,Question 6:
Rule Approach (to understanding)
Answer:
Try to establish laws or rules that cover a variety of different observations. Advantage: can save time
and effort Disadvantage: if followed blindly, can also threaten advancement of understanding.
Question 7:
Empirical Approach (to understanding)
Answer:
Testing ideas against actual events.
Question 8:
A DV is .... if it measures what it's supposed to
Answer:
Validity
Question 9:
A DV is .... if, under the same conditions, it gives the same measure and contains a minimum of
measurement error.
Answer:
Reliability
Question 10:
When a task is so difficult that all scores are low.
Answer:
Floor Effect
Question 11:
When a task is so easy that all scores are very high.
Answer:
Ceiling Effect
, Question 12:
Nominal Scale
Answer:
Categorises without ordering. e.g. Gender, M=1 F=2
Question 13:
Ordinal Scale
Answer:
Categorises and orders the categories. Bigger means more, but the distance between points is not
equal. e.g. Tennis world rankings.
Question 14:
Interval Scale
Answer:
Categorises, orders, and establishes an equal unit of measurement in the scale. The distance between
points is considered equal. e.g. Degrees Celsius.
Question 15:
Ratio Scale
Answer:
Categorises, orders, and establishes an equal unit in the scale and contains a true point zero. Allows
ratio statements "Twice as big". e.g. the number of questions recalled on a memory task.
Question 16:
Woodford, Castellan and Brooks (1983)
Answer:
The Pepsi challenge. Cups labelled 'S' and 'L', but both cups contained the same drink. 85% of the time,
people favoured drink 'S'.
Question 17:
Chaiken and Pliner (1987)
