WGU D027 Advanced Pathopharmacological
Foundations Pre-Assessment Complete
Question Bank 2026/2027: 350 Questions
with Detailed Answers & Rationales |
Guaranteed Pass Study Guide
1. Which cellular adaptation involves an increase in cell size?
A) Hyperplasia
B) Hypertrophy
C) Atrophy
D) Metaplasia
Answer: B
Rationale: Hypertrophy is an increase in cell size; hyperplasia is increase in
number.
2. Which type of necrosis is typical in ischemic injury to the heart?
A) Liquefactive
B) Coagulative
C) Caseous
D) Fat
Answer: B
,Rationale: Coagulative necrosis preserves tissue structure temporarily and is
common in heart/kidney infarcts.
3. Which immunoglobulin is involved in allergic reactions?
A) IgG
B) IgA
C) IgE
D) IgM
Answer: C
Rationale: IgE binds mast cells and triggers histamine release in type I
hypersensitivity.
4. Which mediator is primarily responsible for vasodilation in inflammation?
A) Thromboxane A2
B) Histamine
C) Leukotriene B4
D) Platelet-activating factor
Answer: B
Rationale: Histamine causes vasodilation and increased vascular permeability.
5. Which drug is a first-line treatment for anaphylaxis?
A) Diphenhydramine
2
,B) Epinephrine
C) Methylprednisolone
D) Albuterol
Answer: B
Rationale: Epinephrine reverses bronchospasm and hypotension via alpha and
beta effects.
6. Which antibody is most associated with autoimmune diseases like SLE?
A) IgE
B) IgA
C) IgG
D) IgM
Answer: C
Rationale: IgG autoantibodies form immune complexes that deposit in tissues.
7. Which cell is the primary phagocyte in acute inflammation?
A) Lymphocyte
B) Neutrophil
C) Eosinophil
D) Basophil
Answer: B
Rationale: Neutrophils are first responders in acute bacterial infection.
3
, 8. Which cytokine is a major pyrogen?
A) IL-4
B) IL-1
C) IL-10
D) TGF-beta
Answer: B
Rationale: IL-1 and TNF-alpha cause fever by acting on the hypothalamus.
9. Which drug class inhibits cyclooxygenase?
A) Corticosteroids
B) NSAIDs
C) Antihistamines
D) Leukotriene inhibitors
Answer: B
Rationale: NSAIDs block COX, reducing prostaglandins and inflammation.
10. Which condition is caused by a deficiency of vitamin C?
A) Rickets
B) Scurvy
C) Beriberi
D) Pellagra
Answer: B
4
Foundations Pre-Assessment Complete
Question Bank 2026/2027: 350 Questions
with Detailed Answers & Rationales |
Guaranteed Pass Study Guide
1. Which cellular adaptation involves an increase in cell size?
A) Hyperplasia
B) Hypertrophy
C) Atrophy
D) Metaplasia
Answer: B
Rationale: Hypertrophy is an increase in cell size; hyperplasia is increase in
number.
2. Which type of necrosis is typical in ischemic injury to the heart?
A) Liquefactive
B) Coagulative
C) Caseous
D) Fat
Answer: B
,Rationale: Coagulative necrosis preserves tissue structure temporarily and is
common in heart/kidney infarcts.
3. Which immunoglobulin is involved in allergic reactions?
A) IgG
B) IgA
C) IgE
D) IgM
Answer: C
Rationale: IgE binds mast cells and triggers histamine release in type I
hypersensitivity.
4. Which mediator is primarily responsible for vasodilation in inflammation?
A) Thromboxane A2
B) Histamine
C) Leukotriene B4
D) Platelet-activating factor
Answer: B
Rationale: Histamine causes vasodilation and increased vascular permeability.
5. Which drug is a first-line treatment for anaphylaxis?
A) Diphenhydramine
2
,B) Epinephrine
C) Methylprednisolone
D) Albuterol
Answer: B
Rationale: Epinephrine reverses bronchospasm and hypotension via alpha and
beta effects.
6. Which antibody is most associated with autoimmune diseases like SLE?
A) IgE
B) IgA
C) IgG
D) IgM
Answer: C
Rationale: IgG autoantibodies form immune complexes that deposit in tissues.
7. Which cell is the primary phagocyte in acute inflammation?
A) Lymphocyte
B) Neutrophil
C) Eosinophil
D) Basophil
Answer: B
Rationale: Neutrophils are first responders in acute bacterial infection.
3
, 8. Which cytokine is a major pyrogen?
A) IL-4
B) IL-1
C) IL-10
D) TGF-beta
Answer: B
Rationale: IL-1 and TNF-alpha cause fever by acting on the hypothalamus.
9. Which drug class inhibits cyclooxygenase?
A) Corticosteroids
B) NSAIDs
C) Antihistamines
D) Leukotriene inhibitors
Answer: B
Rationale: NSAIDs block COX, reducing prostaglandins and inflammation.
10. Which condition is caused by a deficiency of vitamin C?
A) Rickets
B) Scurvy
C) Beriberi
D) Pellagra
Answer: B
4
