NSG 300 Exam 1 Foundations of
Nursing (PDF) | 150 Questions &
Answers
SECTION 1 — NURSING PROCESS, CLINICAL REASONING
& PRIORITIZATION
Questions 1–25
1.
Which step of the nursing process involves collecting subjective and
objective information about the patient?
A. Planning
B. Assessment
C. Implementation
D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: B. Assessment
Rationale: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process and
involves systematic collection of subjective and objective patient
data.
2.
A patient states, “My pain is 8 out of 10.” This is an example of:
A. Objective data
B. Subjective data
,C. Diagnostic data
D. Evaluative data
Correct Answer: B. Subjective data
Rationale: Subjective data are symptoms or information reported
by the patient and cannot be directly measured by the nurse.
3.
Which finding is objective data?
A. “I feel nauseated.”
B. “My pain is severe.”
C. Blood pressure of 168/94 mmHg
D. “I am anxious.”
Correct Answer: C. Blood pressure of 168/94 mmHg
Rationale: Objective data are measurable or observable findings
obtained through physical examination, monitoring, or diagnostic
testing.
4.
A nurse groups assessment findings and identifies that a patient with
fever, productive cough, crackles, and oxygen saturation of 88% may
have impaired gas exchange. This is an example of:
A. Data clustering and analysis
B. Medication administration
C. Evaluation only
D. Discharge planning
,Correct Answer: A. Data clustering and analysis
Rationale: Nurses organize related findings into meaningful
patterns to identify actual or potential patient problems.
5.
Which nursing diagnosis is written correctly?
A. Pneumonia related to infection
B. Acute pain related to tissue injury as evidenced by pain rating of
8/10
C. Hypertension related to anxiety
D. Diabetes related to poor diet
Correct Answer: B. Acute pain related to tissue injury as
evidenced by pain rating of 8/10
Rationale: A nursing diagnosis describes a patient response and is
supported by related factors and, when appropriate, defining
characteristics. Medical diagnoses such as pneumonia and
diabetes are not nursing diagnoses.
6.
Which goal is most appropriate for a patient with acute pain?
A. Patient will understand pain.
B. Patient will report pain at 3/10 or less within 1 hour of
intervention.
C. Nurse will administer analgesic.
D. Patient will receive medication.
, Correct Answer: B. Patient will report pain at 3/10 or less within
1 hour of intervention.
Rationale: A measurable patient-centered outcome includes a
specific expected response and a time frame.
7.
A nurse reassesses a patient's pain after administering an analgesic
and determines that pain decreased from 8/10 to 3/10. Which step of
the nursing process is being performed?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: D. Evaluation
Rationale: Evaluation determines whether interventions achieved
the desired patient outcomes.
8.
Which patient should the nurse assess first?
A. Patient requesting a blanket
B. Patient with oxygen saturation of 82% and increasing dyspnea
C. Patient asking when breakfast will arrive
D. Patient reporting chronic back pain of 4/10
Correct Answer: B. Patient with oxygen saturation of 82% and
increasing dyspnea
Nursing (PDF) | 150 Questions &
Answers
SECTION 1 — NURSING PROCESS, CLINICAL REASONING
& PRIORITIZATION
Questions 1–25
1.
Which step of the nursing process involves collecting subjective and
objective information about the patient?
A. Planning
B. Assessment
C. Implementation
D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: B. Assessment
Rationale: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process and
involves systematic collection of subjective and objective patient
data.
2.
A patient states, “My pain is 8 out of 10.” This is an example of:
A. Objective data
B. Subjective data
,C. Diagnostic data
D. Evaluative data
Correct Answer: B. Subjective data
Rationale: Subjective data are symptoms or information reported
by the patient and cannot be directly measured by the nurse.
3.
Which finding is objective data?
A. “I feel nauseated.”
B. “My pain is severe.”
C. Blood pressure of 168/94 mmHg
D. “I am anxious.”
Correct Answer: C. Blood pressure of 168/94 mmHg
Rationale: Objective data are measurable or observable findings
obtained through physical examination, monitoring, or diagnostic
testing.
4.
A nurse groups assessment findings and identifies that a patient with
fever, productive cough, crackles, and oxygen saturation of 88% may
have impaired gas exchange. This is an example of:
A. Data clustering and analysis
B. Medication administration
C. Evaluation only
D. Discharge planning
,Correct Answer: A. Data clustering and analysis
Rationale: Nurses organize related findings into meaningful
patterns to identify actual or potential patient problems.
5.
Which nursing diagnosis is written correctly?
A. Pneumonia related to infection
B. Acute pain related to tissue injury as evidenced by pain rating of
8/10
C. Hypertension related to anxiety
D. Diabetes related to poor diet
Correct Answer: B. Acute pain related to tissue injury as
evidenced by pain rating of 8/10
Rationale: A nursing diagnosis describes a patient response and is
supported by related factors and, when appropriate, defining
characteristics. Medical diagnoses such as pneumonia and
diabetes are not nursing diagnoses.
6.
Which goal is most appropriate for a patient with acute pain?
A. Patient will understand pain.
B. Patient will report pain at 3/10 or less within 1 hour of
intervention.
C. Nurse will administer analgesic.
D. Patient will receive medication.
, Correct Answer: B. Patient will report pain at 3/10 or less within
1 hour of intervention.
Rationale: A measurable patient-centered outcome includes a
specific expected response and a time frame.
7.
A nurse reassesses a patient's pain after administering an analgesic
and determines that pain decreased from 8/10 to 3/10. Which step of
the nursing process is being performed?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: D. Evaluation
Rationale: Evaluation determines whether interventions achieved
the desired patient outcomes.
8.
Which patient should the nurse assess first?
A. Patient requesting a blanket
B. Patient with oxygen saturation of 82% and increasing dyspnea
C. Patient asking when breakfast will arrive
D. Patient reporting chronic back pain of 4/10
Correct Answer: B. Patient with oxygen saturation of 82% and
increasing dyspnea
