PSYCH 280 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
Descriptive Statistics - Answers - Something that cannot directly be measured or
observed.
Inferential Statistics - Answers - Function of sample data that assists you to draw an
inference regarding a hypothesis about a population parameter.
Population - Answers - ALL adults, ALL college students, ALL citizens of U.S., ALL
Facebook users.
Sample - Answers - Subset of individuals that we use to reach conclusions about the
whole population.
Sampling Error - Answers - - How far the sample mean is from the population mean
Standard Error - Answers - - Standard deviation for all possible means
How do we decrease the sampling and standard error? - Answers - Increase n
Parameter - Answers - Describes a population
Statistic - Answers - Describes a sample
Greek letters usually refer to... - Answers - Populations
Construct - Answers - Internal attributes (latent traits/states)
e.g. happiness, self-esteem, stress.
Measure - Answers - Observed behaviors or scores
- operational definitions: how often you smile measures happiness
- what you use to measure
Nominal - Answers - Categories (male vs. female)
Ordinal - Answers - Ranking (1st, 2nd, 3rd...)
Interval - Answers - Quantity has equal units and intervals between values which can be
interpreted. Zero represents another point of measurement and does not represent the
absolute lowest value.
e.g. temperature when 0 degrees there is still a temperature present
Ratio - Answers - Contains absolute zero. Cannot go below zero or be negative.
- height
Descriptive Statistics - Answers - Something that cannot directly be measured or
observed.
Inferential Statistics - Answers - Function of sample data that assists you to draw an
inference regarding a hypothesis about a population parameter.
Population - Answers - ALL adults, ALL college students, ALL citizens of U.S., ALL
Facebook users.
Sample - Answers - Subset of individuals that we use to reach conclusions about the
whole population.
Sampling Error - Answers - - How far the sample mean is from the population mean
Standard Error - Answers - - Standard deviation for all possible means
How do we decrease the sampling and standard error? - Answers - Increase n
Parameter - Answers - Describes a population
Statistic - Answers - Describes a sample
Greek letters usually refer to... - Answers - Populations
Construct - Answers - Internal attributes (latent traits/states)
e.g. happiness, self-esteem, stress.
Measure - Answers - Observed behaviors or scores
- operational definitions: how often you smile measures happiness
- what you use to measure
Nominal - Answers - Categories (male vs. female)
Ordinal - Answers - Ranking (1st, 2nd, 3rd...)
Interval - Answers - Quantity has equal units and intervals between values which can be
interpreted. Zero represents another point of measurement and does not represent the
absolute lowest value.
e.g. temperature when 0 degrees there is still a temperature present
Ratio - Answers - Contains absolute zero. Cannot go below zero or be negative.
- height
