STARGUARD 6E EXAM STUDY GUIDE VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
◉ What would you do if you were using standard (universal)
precautions?
Answer: Consider and treat all bodily fluids and bodily substances as
through they were contaminated.
◉ What is the proper ratio of bleach to water for a solution that will
be used to clean up bodily fluids and fecal matter on surfaces around
the pool?
Answer: 1 part bleach to 9 parts water
◉ If a break in your skin is directly exposed to a patron's bodily
fluids, what is the first thing you should do?
Answer: Wash the area with soap and water.
◉ Which of the following are germs that can cause recreational
water illness?
Answer: Norovirus, cryptosporidium, E. coli, and giardia.
◉ Occupational exposure to blood or the bodily fluids from another
person puts you at risk for which diseases?
,Answer: HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B (HBV), and hepatitis C (HCV)
◉ What should you assume about blood and other body fluids from
all persons?
Answer: The fluids are potentially infectious.
◉ How long has the parasite cryptosporidium been known to
survive, even in properly maintained swimming pool water?
Answer: Up to 11 days.
◉ What is the difference between distress and drowning?
Answer: A person is drowning if the face and airway (mouth and
nose) are covered with water and the head cannot be lifted or
brought to the surface to breathe.
◉ How quickly a person progresses from distress to drowning varies
depending on many circumstances.
Answer: True
◉ What happens when a drowning person tries to breathe?
Answer: The person may swallow large amounts of water.
◉ What determines whether water is "shallow" or not?
,Answer: A person's height
◉ Which is the correct description of drowning?
Answer: Drowning is a process with three possible outcomes:
survival without brain damage, survival with brain damage, or
death.
◉ Which organs are at greatest risk for permanent damage during
drowning?
Answer: Brain and heart
◉ It is correct to say that a person had a "near drowning" if he or she
survives.
Answer: False
◉ Why is it important to get air to a person who is drowning as
quickly as possible?
Answer: To prevent or minimize brain damage, to prevent the heart
from stopping, and to keep the organs functioning.
◉ The length of time that a person is submerged is the most
important predictor of survival.
Answer: True
, ◉ You can interrupt the drowning process by
Answer: bringing the person's face and airway above the water and
giving rescue breaths if the person is not breathing normally.
◉ A person always exhibits instinctive responses on the surface
during the drowning process.
Answer: False
◉ Where might a drowning person be located in the water?
Answer: Floating on the surface, floating just beneath the surface,
floating near the bottom, and lying on the bottom.
◉ In what position might you find a drowning person in the water?
Answer: Faceup, facedown, vertical, and/or horizontal.
◉ A person who is unresponsive under the water will be completely
motionless.
Answer: False
◉ What conditions can cause a person who is under the water to be
hidden from view?
Answer: Ripples on the surface caused by wind, water movement
caused by people, glare from the angle of the sun, and reflection off
of windows.
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
◉ What would you do if you were using standard (universal)
precautions?
Answer: Consider and treat all bodily fluids and bodily substances as
through they were contaminated.
◉ What is the proper ratio of bleach to water for a solution that will
be used to clean up bodily fluids and fecal matter on surfaces around
the pool?
Answer: 1 part bleach to 9 parts water
◉ If a break in your skin is directly exposed to a patron's bodily
fluids, what is the first thing you should do?
Answer: Wash the area with soap and water.
◉ Which of the following are germs that can cause recreational
water illness?
Answer: Norovirus, cryptosporidium, E. coli, and giardia.
◉ Occupational exposure to blood or the bodily fluids from another
person puts you at risk for which diseases?
,Answer: HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B (HBV), and hepatitis C (HCV)
◉ What should you assume about blood and other body fluids from
all persons?
Answer: The fluids are potentially infectious.
◉ How long has the parasite cryptosporidium been known to
survive, even in properly maintained swimming pool water?
Answer: Up to 11 days.
◉ What is the difference between distress and drowning?
Answer: A person is drowning if the face and airway (mouth and
nose) are covered with water and the head cannot be lifted or
brought to the surface to breathe.
◉ How quickly a person progresses from distress to drowning varies
depending on many circumstances.
Answer: True
◉ What happens when a drowning person tries to breathe?
Answer: The person may swallow large amounts of water.
◉ What determines whether water is "shallow" or not?
,Answer: A person's height
◉ Which is the correct description of drowning?
Answer: Drowning is a process with three possible outcomes:
survival without brain damage, survival with brain damage, or
death.
◉ Which organs are at greatest risk for permanent damage during
drowning?
Answer: Brain and heart
◉ It is correct to say that a person had a "near drowning" if he or she
survives.
Answer: False
◉ Why is it important to get air to a person who is drowning as
quickly as possible?
Answer: To prevent or minimize brain damage, to prevent the heart
from stopping, and to keep the organs functioning.
◉ The length of time that a person is submerged is the most
important predictor of survival.
Answer: True
, ◉ You can interrupt the drowning process by
Answer: bringing the person's face and airway above the water and
giving rescue breaths if the person is not breathing normally.
◉ A person always exhibits instinctive responses on the surface
during the drowning process.
Answer: False
◉ Where might a drowning person be located in the water?
Answer: Floating on the surface, floating just beneath the surface,
floating near the bottom, and lying on the bottom.
◉ In what position might you find a drowning person in the water?
Answer: Faceup, facedown, vertical, and/or horizontal.
◉ A person who is unresponsive under the water will be completely
motionless.
Answer: False
◉ What conditions can cause a person who is under the water to be
hidden from view?
Answer: Ripples on the surface caused by wind, water movement
caused by people, glare from the angle of the sun, and reflection off
of windows.
