WGUC652 Heredity and Genetics Exam Questions and Correct Answers 100% Verified
Graded A+
gene - a string of nucleotides within a DNA molecule that is the basic structural and
functional unit of genetics
allele - this is the term for one of a number of different forms of a gene
phenotype - physical characteristics of an organism
genotype - genetic makeup of an organism
heterozygous - this term describes an organism that has two different alleles for a trait
homozygous - this term describes an organism that has two identical alleles for a trait
dominant - describes a trait that covers over, or dominates, another form of that trait
recessive - an allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present
meiosis - cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms;
one diploid cell containing forty six chromosomes undergoes one round of chromosome
replication and two rounds of division to produce four haploid cells each of which contains one
copy of each chromosome
, Interphase - this is the phase during which the chromosomes replicate
Prophase I - during this phase chromosomes condense and become visible under a
microscope, the nuclear envelope disappears, and the spindle becomes organized
Metaphase I - during this phase paired homologous chromosomes line up at the equator of
the cell with each chromosome attached to spindle fibers from opposite poles of the cell
Anaphase I - during this phase the paired chromatids are separated from each other and
move towards opposite sides of the cell
Telophase I - during this phase the cytoplasm begins to divide resulting in two haploid
cells
Prophase II - during this phase the unpaired chromosomes consist of two sister chromatids
joined by a centromere
Metaphase II - during this phase the twenty three unpaired chromosomes are at the
equator of the cell with spindle fibers from opposite poles of the cell attached to their
centromeres
Anaphase II - during this phase spindle fibers pull the chromatids apart in both cells
Graded A+
gene - a string of nucleotides within a DNA molecule that is the basic structural and
functional unit of genetics
allele - this is the term for one of a number of different forms of a gene
phenotype - physical characteristics of an organism
genotype - genetic makeup of an organism
heterozygous - this term describes an organism that has two different alleles for a trait
homozygous - this term describes an organism that has two identical alleles for a trait
dominant - describes a trait that covers over, or dominates, another form of that trait
recessive - an allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present
meiosis - cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms;
one diploid cell containing forty six chromosomes undergoes one round of chromosome
replication and two rounds of division to produce four haploid cells each of which contains one
copy of each chromosome
, Interphase - this is the phase during which the chromosomes replicate
Prophase I - during this phase chromosomes condense and become visible under a
microscope, the nuclear envelope disappears, and the spindle becomes organized
Metaphase I - during this phase paired homologous chromosomes line up at the equator of
the cell with each chromosome attached to spindle fibers from opposite poles of the cell
Anaphase I - during this phase the paired chromatids are separated from each other and
move towards opposite sides of the cell
Telophase I - during this phase the cytoplasm begins to divide resulting in two haploid
cells
Prophase II - during this phase the unpaired chromosomes consist of two sister chromatids
joined by a centromere
Metaphase II - during this phase the twenty three unpaired chromosomes are at the
equator of the cell with spindle fibers from opposite poles of the cell attached to their
centromeres
Anaphase II - during this phase spindle fibers pull the chromatids apart in both cells
