NR 565 Final Exam – Adv Pharmacology Fundamentals
– (2026) Actual Questions & Answers (Chamberlain)
100% Guarantee Pass
THIS DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION:
NR 565 Final Exam
NR 565 Final Exam – Adv Pharmacology Fundamentals
Actual Questions & Answers (Chamberlain)
100% Guarantee Pass
If you require further clarification or in need of any study resources,feel
free to message me
,1. In which patient population is Metformin contraindicated in?
A. Diabetics with HA1c < 7.0%
B. Patients older than 50
C. Alcoholics
D. Women suffering from infertility
Answer: C. Alcoholics
Rationale: Metformin is contraindicated in alcoholics because chronic alcohol use
increases the risk of lactic acidosis, a rare but potentially fatal adverse effect of
metformin. Alcohol potentiates the effects of metformin on lactate metabolism and can
also cause hypoglycemia. Additionally, alcoholics may have underlying hepatic
impairment, which further increases the risk of lactic acidosis. Metformin is not
contraindicated based solely on HA1c < 7.0%, age > 50, or infertility.
2. What lab value suggests metformin might be contraindicated?
A. eGFR < 30
B. Crea 0.8
C. WBC 7.8
D. Bun 17
Answer: A. eGFR < 30
Rationale: Metformin is contraindicated in patients with an estimated glomerular
filtration rate (eGFR) < 30 mL/min/1.73 m² because reduced renal function leads to
accumulation of metformin, increasing the risk of lactic acidosis. The FDA recommends
,against initiating metformin if eGFR is between 30-45 and contraindicates its use if eGFR
falls below 30. A creatinine of 0.8, WBC of 7.8, and BUN of 17 are all within normal limits
and do not contraindicate metformin use.
3. What medication is contraindicated to treat diabetes if a patient already has a
cardiac ejection fraction rate of 40%?
A. Second Generation sulfonylureas
B. Thiazolidinediones
C. Dopamine Agonist
D. Glucosidase Inhibitor
Answer: B. Thiazolidinediones
Rationale: Thiazolidinediones (TZDs), such as pioglitazone and rosiglitazone, are
contraindicated in patients with heart failure (ejection fraction ≤ 40%) because they
cause fluid retention and can precipitate or worsen heart failure. TZDs increase plasma
volume and can lead to peripheral edema and pulmonary edema. Second-generation
sulfonylureas, dopamine agonists, and glucosidase inhibitors do not carry this
contraindication.
4. Sabrina is a 35-year-old female who presents with complaints of fatigue,
anxiety, and palpitations. She has a long history of obesity and reports that she is
happy that she has lost 23 pounds in the last 2 months. She also reports that she
has trouble sleeping and her husband complains that she is keeping the house too
, cold. Physical exam reveals slight tachycardia at 104 bpm and a slightly enlarged
thyroid. Thyroid testing reveals hyperthyroidism or Grave's disease. Which of the
following agents is the first-line treatment for hyperthyroidism or Grave's disease?
A. Methimazole
B. Metoprolol
Answer: A. Methimazole
Rationale: Methimazole is the preferred first-line pharmacologic treatment for
hyperthyroidism and Graves' disease in non-pregnant patients. It works by inhibiting
thyroid peroxidase, thereby blocking the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Methimazole is
preferred over propylthiouracil (PTU) due to its longer half-life, better safety profile, and
lower risk of hepatotoxicity. Metoprolol is used for symptomatic relief of tachycardia
and tremor but does not treat the underlying hyperthyroidism.
5. Which of the following medications would be considered the first line of
treatment for a newly diagnosed Diabetic patient with adequate renal and hepatic
function?
A. NovoLog Sliding Scale Insulin
B. Liraglutide (Victoza)
C. Oral Metformin
D. Glipizide
Answer: C. Oral Metformin
– (2026) Actual Questions & Answers (Chamberlain)
100% Guarantee Pass
THIS DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION:
NR 565 Final Exam
NR 565 Final Exam – Adv Pharmacology Fundamentals
Actual Questions & Answers (Chamberlain)
100% Guarantee Pass
If you require further clarification or in need of any study resources,feel
free to message me
,1. In which patient population is Metformin contraindicated in?
A. Diabetics with HA1c < 7.0%
B. Patients older than 50
C. Alcoholics
D. Women suffering from infertility
Answer: C. Alcoholics
Rationale: Metformin is contraindicated in alcoholics because chronic alcohol use
increases the risk of lactic acidosis, a rare but potentially fatal adverse effect of
metformin. Alcohol potentiates the effects of metformin on lactate metabolism and can
also cause hypoglycemia. Additionally, alcoholics may have underlying hepatic
impairment, which further increases the risk of lactic acidosis. Metformin is not
contraindicated based solely on HA1c < 7.0%, age > 50, or infertility.
2. What lab value suggests metformin might be contraindicated?
A. eGFR < 30
B. Crea 0.8
C. WBC 7.8
D. Bun 17
Answer: A. eGFR < 30
Rationale: Metformin is contraindicated in patients with an estimated glomerular
filtration rate (eGFR) < 30 mL/min/1.73 m² because reduced renal function leads to
accumulation of metformin, increasing the risk of lactic acidosis. The FDA recommends
,against initiating metformin if eGFR is between 30-45 and contraindicates its use if eGFR
falls below 30. A creatinine of 0.8, WBC of 7.8, and BUN of 17 are all within normal limits
and do not contraindicate metformin use.
3. What medication is contraindicated to treat diabetes if a patient already has a
cardiac ejection fraction rate of 40%?
A. Second Generation sulfonylureas
B. Thiazolidinediones
C. Dopamine Agonist
D. Glucosidase Inhibitor
Answer: B. Thiazolidinediones
Rationale: Thiazolidinediones (TZDs), such as pioglitazone and rosiglitazone, are
contraindicated in patients with heart failure (ejection fraction ≤ 40%) because they
cause fluid retention and can precipitate or worsen heart failure. TZDs increase plasma
volume and can lead to peripheral edema and pulmonary edema. Second-generation
sulfonylureas, dopamine agonists, and glucosidase inhibitors do not carry this
contraindication.
4. Sabrina is a 35-year-old female who presents with complaints of fatigue,
anxiety, and palpitations. She has a long history of obesity and reports that she is
happy that she has lost 23 pounds in the last 2 months. She also reports that she
has trouble sleeping and her husband complains that she is keeping the house too
, cold. Physical exam reveals slight tachycardia at 104 bpm and a slightly enlarged
thyroid. Thyroid testing reveals hyperthyroidism or Grave's disease. Which of the
following agents is the first-line treatment for hyperthyroidism or Grave's disease?
A. Methimazole
B. Metoprolol
Answer: A. Methimazole
Rationale: Methimazole is the preferred first-line pharmacologic treatment for
hyperthyroidism and Graves' disease in non-pregnant patients. It works by inhibiting
thyroid peroxidase, thereby blocking the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Methimazole is
preferred over propylthiouracil (PTU) due to its longer half-life, better safety profile, and
lower risk of hepatotoxicity. Metoprolol is used for symptomatic relief of tachycardia
and tremor but does not treat the underlying hyperthyroidism.
5. Which of the following medications would be considered the first line of
treatment for a newly diagnosed Diabetic patient with adequate renal and hepatic
function?
A. NovoLog Sliding Scale Insulin
B. Liraglutide (Victoza)
C. Oral Metformin
D. Glipizide
Answer: C. Oral Metformin
