WGU D236 Patho - Megan/Shay·s Study Guides Western Governors University | UPDATED Questions with 100% Verified Answers

WGU D236 Patho - Megan/Shay·s Study Guides Western Governors
University | UPDATED Questions with 100% Verified Answers

Question:
What is the primary determinant of oncotic pressure?

Answer:
Albumin


Question:
Form of osmotic pressure exerted by proteins

Answer:
Oncotic Pressure


Question:
What is the difference between adult and child immunity?

Answer:
Naive T Cells


Question:
Fluid and electrolyte levels are regulated by
_________________, which regulates actions such as thirst,
ADH, the kidneys, and RAAS.

Answer:
Osmoreceptors


Question:
What are the causes of dehydration?

Answer:
#Excessive loss #Inadequate intake #Both


Question:
What s/sx are associated with dehydration?

, Answer:
#Dry mucous membranes #Decreased skin turgor #Decreased
urine output #Low blood pressure #Tachycardia #Weak heart
rate #Confusion


Question:
A patient with a viral illness and severe vomiting has an
elevated CO2 level and pH of 7.53. She is breathing slowly.
What condition does she have?

Answer:
Metabolic alkalosis The patient's pH and CO2 levels are both
elevated (moving in the same direction). This indicates
metabolic alkalosis. The CO2 level is high because her
respiratory system is attempting to compensate for the high
pH by exhaling less and retaining more CO2.


Question:
Normal CO2 level

Answer:
35-45


Question:
Normal pH level

Answer:
7.35-7.45


Question:
Normal HCO3 level

Answer:
22-26


Question:
Michael's pulmonary edema leads to respiratory acidosis.

,How does pH impact Michael's basal metabolic panel?
Choose 3 answers. His CO2 level is increased because his
lungs have difficulty removing it from the bloodstream. His
calcium level is reduced because the elevated concentration of
H+ makes it easier for Ca+ to bind to albumin. His CO2 level
is decreased because his lungs have difficulty adding it into
the bloodstream. His sodium level is decreased due to
hypervolemia. His K+ is elevated because, as H+ moves
inside of cells in an attempt to get it out of the bloodstream,
K+ moves from cells into the bloodstream.

Answer:
His CO2 level is increased because his lungs have difficulty
removing it from the bloodstream. His sodium level is
decreased due to hypervolemia. His K+ is elevated because,
as H+ moves inside of cells in an attempt to get it out of the
bloodstream, K+ moves from cells into the bloodstream.


Question:
A hormone panel was done on a patient with congestive heart
failure and fluid volume overload. Which elevated hormone
on the patient's chart is indicative of the body's attempt to
reduce the fluid overload? Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Brain
natriuretic peptide (BNP) Aldosterone Renin

Answer:
BNP BNP is released when fluid volume excess is present.


Question:
Normal sodium level

Answer:
135-145


Question:
Hyponatremia is indicated by what lab result? S/Sx?

, Answer:
Na < 135 Loss of energy or fatigue Nausea and vomiting
Headache Confusion Muscle spasms Low blood pressure
Dark scanty urine Irritability, disorientation and neurological
manifestations Seizures


Question:
Hypernatremia is indicated by what lab result? S/Sx

Answer:
Na > 145 Excessive thirst Extreme fatigue Confusion Muscle
twitching or spasms Restlessness Seizures


Question:
Normal potassium level

Answer:
3.5-5.0


Question:
Hypokalemia is indicated by what lab result? S/Sx

Answer:
K < 3.5 #Muscle fatigue/cramping #Nausea, vomiting,
constipation #Cardiac dysrhythmias #Paresthesia
(numbness/tingling)


Question:
Hyperkalemia is indicated by what lab result? S/Sx?

Answer:
K > 5.0 Muscle weakness/paralysis Paresthesia
(numbness/tingling) Cardiac dysrhythmias Cardiac arrest/MI


Question:
Normal calcium level