Name ________________________________ Date _____________
BIOL 102 Exam 1 Practice
1) A bacteriophage has just entered the lysogenic cycle. From this you know:
a) This phage is considered a virulent phage.
b) This phage will be inserting its RNA genome into the bacteria’s genome, known as a
prophage.
c) The bacteria this phage infects will continue to reproduce normally, copying the
prophage and transmitting it to daughter cells.
d) The prophage may exit the bacterial chromosome, to initiate a lytic cycle.
e) More than one correct answer above.
2) Which of the following statements about the CRISPR/CAS system is true?
a) The CRISPR/CAS system utilizes a Cas protein to insert phage DNA into the bacterial
genome.
b) In a newly replicated bacterial cell, the CRISPR/CAS system would be unable to work
against any new invading bacteriophages.
c) The Cas protein requires a coupled DNA genome in order to work efficiently.
d) A specific Cas-cRNA complex will only be used if an infecting bacteriophage has
complementary DNA to the Cas coupled RNA.
e) None of the above.
3) Which of the following statements about HIV’s genome are false?
a) Reverse transcriptase synthesizes a complementary DNA strand from a double RNA
strand.
b) Integrase translocates the viral genome from the cytoplasm to the nucleus of the cell.
c) The host’s RNA polymerase transcribes a proviral strand into RNA molecules which can
function both as mRNA for the synthesis of viral proteins and as genomes for new
viruses.
d) Protease processes the mRNA sequence into smaller mRNA fragments which can then be
individually translated for proteins such as reverse transcriptase, integrase, and
proteases.
e) There is more than one false statement.
4) In creating an antiviral drug for SARS-COV-2, which of the following may be the best method?
a) Designing a drug that denatures TMPRSS2 proteins.
b) Designing a drug that suppresses non-structural proteins (NSPS).
c) Designing a drug that inhibits ribosomal activity.
d) Designing a drug that cleaves ACE2 receptors.
e) Designing a drug that inhibits enzymes used in DNA replication.
, 5) All of the following are characteristics of RNA viruses, except for:
a) RNA viruses can be non-enveloped.
b) RNA viruses can have a double stranded or single stranded genome.
c) RNA viruses may utilize host cell machinery to translate and transcribe viral proteins.
d) RNA viruses, if enveloped, may obtain its envelope from an internal membrane-bound
organelle.
e) There are no exceptions above.
6) Communication via ______ requires ______ in order to cause a cellular response.
a) Paracrine signaling; nonpolar signaling molecules
b) Endocrine signaling; specialized endocrine cells
c) Synaptic signaling; electrical signals to release hormones
d) Gap junctions; signaling molecules only
e) None of the above
7) A G protein-coupled receptor _________ whereas a receptor tyrosine kinase _________.
a) Binds to a G protein that is bound to a GTP molecule; binds to inactive relay proteins.
b) Phosphorylates GDP to make GTP; auto-phosphorylates its tyrosine residues.
c) Releases pyrophosphate when it activates a G protein; Releases ADP molecules when it
activates itself.
d) Can activate 1 protein at a given time; can activate a maximum of 6 proteins
simultaneously.
e) More than one answer choice is correct.
8) Which of the following statements about adenylyl cyclase and phospholipase C is false?
a) Both enzymes are activated by a G protein bound to a GTP molecule.
b) Adenylyl cyclase converts ATP into cAMP whereas phospholipase C converts cAMP into
IP3.
c) The second messengers produced by adenylyl cyclase directly activate a protein kinase
whereas the second messengers produced by phospholipase C directly regulate the
concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol.
d) While both are integral proteins, adenylyl cyclase is located on the intracellular side of
the plasma membrane whereas phospholipase C is located on the extracellular side.
e) There is more than one false statement.
9) If a phospholipase C is activated, you know:
a) The G protein is bound to a GDP molecule.
b) The first messenger is still bound to the G protein-coupled receptor.
c) Phospholipase C will cleave PIP2 to generate IP3 which is a small polar second
messenger.
d) Calcium ions will diffuse from the cytoplasm to the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum,
along their concentration gradient.
BIOL 102 Exam 1 Practice
1) A bacteriophage has just entered the lysogenic cycle. From this you know:
a) This phage is considered a virulent phage.
b) This phage will be inserting its RNA genome into the bacteria’s genome, known as a
prophage.
c) The bacteria this phage infects will continue to reproduce normally, copying the
prophage and transmitting it to daughter cells.
d) The prophage may exit the bacterial chromosome, to initiate a lytic cycle.
e) More than one correct answer above.
2) Which of the following statements about the CRISPR/CAS system is true?
a) The CRISPR/CAS system utilizes a Cas protein to insert phage DNA into the bacterial
genome.
b) In a newly replicated bacterial cell, the CRISPR/CAS system would be unable to work
against any new invading bacteriophages.
c) The Cas protein requires a coupled DNA genome in order to work efficiently.
d) A specific Cas-cRNA complex will only be used if an infecting bacteriophage has
complementary DNA to the Cas coupled RNA.
e) None of the above.
3) Which of the following statements about HIV’s genome are false?
a) Reverse transcriptase synthesizes a complementary DNA strand from a double RNA
strand.
b) Integrase translocates the viral genome from the cytoplasm to the nucleus of the cell.
c) The host’s RNA polymerase transcribes a proviral strand into RNA molecules which can
function both as mRNA for the synthesis of viral proteins and as genomes for new
viruses.
d) Protease processes the mRNA sequence into smaller mRNA fragments which can then be
individually translated for proteins such as reverse transcriptase, integrase, and
proteases.
e) There is more than one false statement.
4) In creating an antiviral drug for SARS-COV-2, which of the following may be the best method?
a) Designing a drug that denatures TMPRSS2 proteins.
b) Designing a drug that suppresses non-structural proteins (NSPS).
c) Designing a drug that inhibits ribosomal activity.
d) Designing a drug that cleaves ACE2 receptors.
e) Designing a drug that inhibits enzymes used in DNA replication.
, 5) All of the following are characteristics of RNA viruses, except for:
a) RNA viruses can be non-enveloped.
b) RNA viruses can have a double stranded or single stranded genome.
c) RNA viruses may utilize host cell machinery to translate and transcribe viral proteins.
d) RNA viruses, if enveloped, may obtain its envelope from an internal membrane-bound
organelle.
e) There are no exceptions above.
6) Communication via ______ requires ______ in order to cause a cellular response.
a) Paracrine signaling; nonpolar signaling molecules
b) Endocrine signaling; specialized endocrine cells
c) Synaptic signaling; electrical signals to release hormones
d) Gap junctions; signaling molecules only
e) None of the above
7) A G protein-coupled receptor _________ whereas a receptor tyrosine kinase _________.
a) Binds to a G protein that is bound to a GTP molecule; binds to inactive relay proteins.
b) Phosphorylates GDP to make GTP; auto-phosphorylates its tyrosine residues.
c) Releases pyrophosphate when it activates a G protein; Releases ADP molecules when it
activates itself.
d) Can activate 1 protein at a given time; can activate a maximum of 6 proteins
simultaneously.
e) More than one answer choice is correct.
8) Which of the following statements about adenylyl cyclase and phospholipase C is false?
a) Both enzymes are activated by a G protein bound to a GTP molecule.
b) Adenylyl cyclase converts ATP into cAMP whereas phospholipase C converts cAMP into
IP3.
c) The second messengers produced by adenylyl cyclase directly activate a protein kinase
whereas the second messengers produced by phospholipase C directly regulate the
concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol.
d) While both are integral proteins, adenylyl cyclase is located on the intracellular side of
the plasma membrane whereas phospholipase C is located on the extracellular side.
e) There is more than one false statement.
9) If a phospholipase C is activated, you know:
a) The G protein is bound to a GDP molecule.
b) The first messenger is still bound to the G protein-coupled receptor.
c) Phospholipase C will cleave PIP2 to generate IP3 which is a small polar second
messenger.
d) Calcium ions will diffuse from the cytoplasm to the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum,
along their concentration gradient.
