NR 509 MIDTERM EXAM
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND DETAILED SOLUTIONS
LATEST UPDATE THIS YEAR JUST RELEASED
Question 1: A 38-year-old accountant presents to the office with a
series of generalized complaints. He relates that he feels a loss of
pleasure in daily activities, has difficulty sleeping, and is
experiencing problems making decisions. Which of the following
best explains the patient's presentation?
A. Substance abuse with anhedonia
B. Bipolar disorder in the early pre-excitatory phase
C. Histrionic personality
D. Depression
E. Antisocial personality
Answer:
d. Depression
Question 2: Concerning hallucinations, an abnormal perception
experienced by a patient, which of the following statements is true
about this abnormality?
A. They include false perceptions associated with dreaming and
occurring with falling asleep and awakening.
B. Objective testing can be performed by a trained neuropsychologist
to ascertain the correct diagnosis associated with this complaint.
C. Although alcoholism may be associated with abnormalities of
perception, it is not considered a cause of hallucinations as this
finding is due to its direct toxic effects.
D. It may occur in association with a number of conditions including
delirium and dementia, posttraumatic stress
, E. By definition, hallucinations are confined to those abnormal
perceptions that are either auditory or visual in nature.
Answer:
d. It may occur in association with a number of conditions including delirium and
dementia, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and schizophrenia.
Question 3: A 24-year-old veteran returns from his second tour of
duty in the Middle East. He was witness to a number of violent
military encounters and experienced the death of several of his
closest friends. He describes a number of problems including
nightmares, poor sleep pattern, and mild panic attacks. In persons
with trauma- and stress-related disorders as well as other
disorders that may be associated with hallucinations and illusions,
which of the following statements is true that distinguishes these
two entities from each other?
A. Illusions occur only when awake, whereas hallucinations can occur
both while awake and while sleeping.
B. Illusions are a misinterpretation of real stimuli, whereas
hallucinations are subjective perceptions in the absence of
C. Illusions involve an irrational fear or perceptions, whereas
hallucinations are a misinterpretation of real external stimuli.
D. Hallucinations may be
Answer:
b. Illusions are a misinterpretation of real stimuli, whereas hallucinations are
subjective perceptions in the absence of real stimuli.
Question 4: Abstract thinking is an important component of the
human thought process. A person's ability to understand questions
that test his or her ability to answer appropriately is dependent
upon a number of factors. Which one of the following answers is
,true in identifying a patient with concrete thinking and a reduced
ability to think abstractly?
A. An inability to correctly perform serial 7s
B. An inability to spell "world" backward
C. An inability to name the occupations of common well-known public
figures such as the President and Vice President
D. An inability to draw a clock correctly including all numbers and
make it tell time as requested (i.e., 10:15)
E. An inability to discern the similarity between two words (e.g., a cat
and a mouse by answering "The cat chases the
Answer:
e. An inability to discern the similarity between two words (e.g., a cat and a mouse
by answering "The cat chases the mouse.")
Question 5: Concerning a patient that may demonstrate a diagnosis
of aphasia, which of the following statements is true?
A. It involves a loss of the voice or a slurring or hoarseness of speech
secondary to pathology of the larynx or its nerve supply.
B. It is best characterized by slurred speech with an associated defect
in language control.
C. It is best characterized by involuntary, rhythmic, repetitive
movements involving the tongue and jaws making speech difficult to
comprehend.
D. The ability to write a full correct sentence does not rule out the
presence of aphasia in a patient.
E. It is defined as an inability to produce or understand language.
Answer:
e. It is defined as an inability to produce or understand language.
, Question 6: A 42-year-old fair-skinned woman of Irish origin
presents with an abnormal skin growth that was first noted 7 years
ago. On examination, a 2 × 3-cm lesion is noted over her left bicep.
Which of the following historical elements most increases the
suspicion that the lesion is malignant?
A. No evolution in size since onset, but mild intermittent pruritus over
the last 2 yearsb. No evolution in size since onset, but uniformly
darkly pigmented color
C. Minimal but discernible increase in size over the past 6 months
D. Presence of similar pinkish tan lesions on the sun-exposed areas
including the face and hands
E. Proximal location, that is, over the bicep rather than the distal arm
Answer:
c. Minimal but discernible increase in size over the past 6 months
Question 7: A 17-year-old woman presents with her parents to her
primary care provider. She desires to utilize a tanning facility ahead
of an upcoming event. Her parents have heard that this is a
dangerous practice, although the tanning facility insists it is safe
without risk of skin cancer in the future after tanning. Which of the
following is true regarding ultraviolet (UV) light exposure and
subsequent risk of skin cancer?
A. Chronic sun exposure confers greater risk for skin cancer than
intermittent intensive exposure.
B. Tanning beds and sunlamps do not increase risks of skin cancer as
they utilize UV wavelengths that are not carcinogenic.
C. Water-resistant sunscreens confer no advantage over
water-soluble products.
D. Targeted messaging and practitioner reinforcement in primary care
amplify sun-protective behaviors.
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND DETAILED SOLUTIONS
LATEST UPDATE THIS YEAR JUST RELEASED
Question 1: A 38-year-old accountant presents to the office with a
series of generalized complaints. He relates that he feels a loss of
pleasure in daily activities, has difficulty sleeping, and is
experiencing problems making decisions. Which of the following
best explains the patient's presentation?
A. Substance abuse with anhedonia
B. Bipolar disorder in the early pre-excitatory phase
C. Histrionic personality
D. Depression
E. Antisocial personality
Answer:
d. Depression
Question 2: Concerning hallucinations, an abnormal perception
experienced by a patient, which of the following statements is true
about this abnormality?
A. They include false perceptions associated with dreaming and
occurring with falling asleep and awakening.
B. Objective testing can be performed by a trained neuropsychologist
to ascertain the correct diagnosis associated with this complaint.
C. Although alcoholism may be associated with abnormalities of
perception, it is not considered a cause of hallucinations as this
finding is due to its direct toxic effects.
D. It may occur in association with a number of conditions including
delirium and dementia, posttraumatic stress
, E. By definition, hallucinations are confined to those abnormal
perceptions that are either auditory or visual in nature.
Answer:
d. It may occur in association with a number of conditions including delirium and
dementia, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and schizophrenia.
Question 3: A 24-year-old veteran returns from his second tour of
duty in the Middle East. He was witness to a number of violent
military encounters and experienced the death of several of his
closest friends. He describes a number of problems including
nightmares, poor sleep pattern, and mild panic attacks. In persons
with trauma- and stress-related disorders as well as other
disorders that may be associated with hallucinations and illusions,
which of the following statements is true that distinguishes these
two entities from each other?
A. Illusions occur only when awake, whereas hallucinations can occur
both while awake and while sleeping.
B. Illusions are a misinterpretation of real stimuli, whereas
hallucinations are subjective perceptions in the absence of
C. Illusions involve an irrational fear or perceptions, whereas
hallucinations are a misinterpretation of real external stimuli.
D. Hallucinations may be
Answer:
b. Illusions are a misinterpretation of real stimuli, whereas hallucinations are
subjective perceptions in the absence of real stimuli.
Question 4: Abstract thinking is an important component of the
human thought process. A person's ability to understand questions
that test his or her ability to answer appropriately is dependent
upon a number of factors. Which one of the following answers is
,true in identifying a patient with concrete thinking and a reduced
ability to think abstractly?
A. An inability to correctly perform serial 7s
B. An inability to spell "world" backward
C. An inability to name the occupations of common well-known public
figures such as the President and Vice President
D. An inability to draw a clock correctly including all numbers and
make it tell time as requested (i.e., 10:15)
E. An inability to discern the similarity between two words (e.g., a cat
and a mouse by answering "The cat chases the
Answer:
e. An inability to discern the similarity between two words (e.g., a cat and a mouse
by answering "The cat chases the mouse.")
Question 5: Concerning a patient that may demonstrate a diagnosis
of aphasia, which of the following statements is true?
A. It involves a loss of the voice or a slurring or hoarseness of speech
secondary to pathology of the larynx or its nerve supply.
B. It is best characterized by slurred speech with an associated defect
in language control.
C. It is best characterized by involuntary, rhythmic, repetitive
movements involving the tongue and jaws making speech difficult to
comprehend.
D. The ability to write a full correct sentence does not rule out the
presence of aphasia in a patient.
E. It is defined as an inability to produce or understand language.
Answer:
e. It is defined as an inability to produce or understand language.
, Question 6: A 42-year-old fair-skinned woman of Irish origin
presents with an abnormal skin growth that was first noted 7 years
ago. On examination, a 2 × 3-cm lesion is noted over her left bicep.
Which of the following historical elements most increases the
suspicion that the lesion is malignant?
A. No evolution in size since onset, but mild intermittent pruritus over
the last 2 yearsb. No evolution in size since onset, but uniformly
darkly pigmented color
C. Minimal but discernible increase in size over the past 6 months
D. Presence of similar pinkish tan lesions on the sun-exposed areas
including the face and hands
E. Proximal location, that is, over the bicep rather than the distal arm
Answer:
c. Minimal but discernible increase in size over the past 6 months
Question 7: A 17-year-old woman presents with her parents to her
primary care provider. She desires to utilize a tanning facility ahead
of an upcoming event. Her parents have heard that this is a
dangerous practice, although the tanning facility insists it is safe
without risk of skin cancer in the future after tanning. Which of the
following is true regarding ultraviolet (UV) light exposure and
subsequent risk of skin cancer?
A. Chronic sun exposure confers greater risk for skin cancer than
intermittent intensive exposure.
B. Tanning beds and sunlamps do not increase risks of skin cancer as
they utilize UV wavelengths that are not carcinogenic.
C. Water-resistant sunscreens confer no advantage over
water-soluble products.
D. Targeted messaging and practitioner reinforcement in primary care
amplify sun-protective behaviors.
