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NCLEX-RN 2026 final exam study guide
complete questions and expert verified
answers already graded A+, exams of
nursing
What are the normal ranges for Creatinine?
What is the ratio of BUN-creatinine?
What does it indicate? --//ANS//--Male 0.6-1.2
Female 0.5-1.1
BUN-creatinine ratio of 20:1 indicates adequate kidney functioning
What is the relationship of Ca+ and PO4?
What is the relationship of Ca+ and pH? --//ANS//--calcium and phosphorus have an inverse
relationship: when calcium levels increase, phosphorus levels decrease, and vice versa.
pH also affects the level of ionized calcium:
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As pH rises and blood becomes more alkalotic, calcium binds more easily with protein, causing
the level of ionized calcium to drop.
Conversely, when pH falls, causing acidosis, less calcium binds with protein, which raises the
ionized calcium level
What are the normal ranges for ABGs?
(pH, pCO2, HCO3) --//ANS//--pH (AC) 7.35-7.45 (AL)
pCo2 (AL) 35 - 45 (AC)
HCO3 (AC) 22 - 26 (AL)
What are the normal ranges for PT? What is PT used to help regulate? What is the therapeutic
range? --//ANS//--11-12.5 is a normal PT range
PT is used to help regulate Coumadin dosages. The therapeutic range: 1.5 to 2 times normal or
control
What are the normal ranges for INR?
What type of patients should have individualized values
What should the values be for those patients? --//ANS//--0.8-1.1 normal INR
Individualized values for pts with:
Afib and DVT between 2.0 and 3.0
mechanical heart valves between 3.0 to 4.0
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What are the normal ranges for PTT and aPTT? What do they help regulate? What is the
therapeutic range? --//ANS//--normal range PTT: 60-70
normal range aPTT: 30-40
Both PTT and aPTT are used to help regulate heparin dosages.
Therapeutic range is 1.5 to 2.5 times normal or control
What are the 7 Rights of medication administration? --//ANS//--1. Right drug
2. right dose
3. Right route
4. Right time
5. Right patient
6. Right documentation
7. Right to refuse
When should you draw a peak level? --//ANS//--30-60 minutes after medication administration
When should you draw a trough level? --//ANS//--30-60 minutes before medication
administration
When introducing foods to infants what should you teach the new parents? --//ANS//--Introduce
one food at a time to help identify allergies.
Progression of food should be "AS TOLERATED"
The nursing assessment guides decisions about progression.
NCLEX-RN 2026 final exam study guide
complete questions and expert verified
answers already graded A+, exams of
nursing
What are the normal ranges for Creatinine?
What is the ratio of BUN-creatinine?
What does it indicate? --//ANS//--Male 0.6-1.2
Female 0.5-1.1
BUN-creatinine ratio of 20:1 indicates adequate kidney functioning
What is the relationship of Ca+ and PO4?
What is the relationship of Ca+ and pH? --//ANS//--calcium and phosphorus have an inverse
relationship: when calcium levels increase, phosphorus levels decrease, and vice versa.
pH also affects the level of ionized calcium:
,2|Page
As pH rises and blood becomes more alkalotic, calcium binds more easily with protein, causing
the level of ionized calcium to drop.
Conversely, when pH falls, causing acidosis, less calcium binds with protein, which raises the
ionized calcium level
What are the normal ranges for ABGs?
(pH, pCO2, HCO3) --//ANS//--pH (AC) 7.35-7.45 (AL)
pCo2 (AL) 35 - 45 (AC)
HCO3 (AC) 22 - 26 (AL)
What are the normal ranges for PT? What is PT used to help regulate? What is the therapeutic
range? --//ANS//--11-12.5 is a normal PT range
PT is used to help regulate Coumadin dosages. The therapeutic range: 1.5 to 2 times normal or
control
What are the normal ranges for INR?
What type of patients should have individualized values
What should the values be for those patients? --//ANS//--0.8-1.1 normal INR
Individualized values for pts with:
Afib and DVT between 2.0 and 3.0
mechanical heart valves between 3.0 to 4.0
, 3|Page
What are the normal ranges for PTT and aPTT? What do they help regulate? What is the
therapeutic range? --//ANS//--normal range PTT: 60-70
normal range aPTT: 30-40
Both PTT and aPTT are used to help regulate heparin dosages.
Therapeutic range is 1.5 to 2.5 times normal or control
What are the 7 Rights of medication administration? --//ANS//--1. Right drug
2. right dose
3. Right route
4. Right time
5. Right patient
6. Right documentation
7. Right to refuse
When should you draw a peak level? --//ANS//--30-60 minutes after medication administration
When should you draw a trough level? --//ANS//--30-60 minutes before medication
administration
When introducing foods to infants what should you teach the new parents? --//ANS//--Introduce
one food at a time to help identify allergies.
Progression of food should be "AS TOLERATED"
The nursing assessment guides decisions about progression.
