BIO 171 EXAM 3 COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE
WITH SOLVED QUESTIONS
◉ animals.
Answer: multicellular heterotrophic eukaryotes that form a gastrula
during development
◉ denisovans.
Answer: another homo genus that interbred with humans, sister
group to the neanderthals
◉ genus.
Answer: taxonomical rank below family and above species
◉ great apes.
Answer: robust canine teeth - orangutang
earlobes - gorilla
delayed puberty - bonobo, chimp, human
◉ hominids.
Answer: all the great apes
,◉ Ardi (Ardipithecus).
Answer: 5.6-4 MYA, bipedal and aboreal, small brained, reduced
canines, lived in forests
◉ Lucy (Australopithecus).
Answer: 4-2 MYA, bipedal, small brained, fruit/vegetable diet
◉ Paranthropus.
Answer: 3-1.2 MYA, bipedal, small brained, stocky, robust teeth and
jaws, grass/seed diet
◉ hominins.
Answer: sub-family of hominids that have bipedalism
now this is only humans (homo sapiens), 2 MYA
◉ paranthropus.
Answer: before hominin, defining traits -
◉ homo ergaster.
Answer: sister neanderthals, left Africa two million years ago,
evolved into denisovans
, ◉ homo habilis.
Answer: first to use tools, had small skulls
◉ homo erectus.
Answer: first to use fire, evolved in Asia
◉ homo heidelbergensis.
Answer: evolved in Africa and moved to Eurasia
◉ homo nenderthalensis (neanderthals).
Answer: used complex tools, evolved in Europe and Western Asia,
interbred with homo sapiens
◉ introgression.
Answer: the transmission of alleles from one species to another with
limited interbreeding, ex) neanderthals gave alleles to homo sapiens
that still exist today
◉ lactase persistence.
Answer: the continued activity of the lactase enzyme
◉ mammals.
WITH SOLVED QUESTIONS
◉ animals.
Answer: multicellular heterotrophic eukaryotes that form a gastrula
during development
◉ denisovans.
Answer: another homo genus that interbred with humans, sister
group to the neanderthals
◉ genus.
Answer: taxonomical rank below family and above species
◉ great apes.
Answer: robust canine teeth - orangutang
earlobes - gorilla
delayed puberty - bonobo, chimp, human
◉ hominids.
Answer: all the great apes
,◉ Ardi (Ardipithecus).
Answer: 5.6-4 MYA, bipedal and aboreal, small brained, reduced
canines, lived in forests
◉ Lucy (Australopithecus).
Answer: 4-2 MYA, bipedal, small brained, fruit/vegetable diet
◉ Paranthropus.
Answer: 3-1.2 MYA, bipedal, small brained, stocky, robust teeth and
jaws, grass/seed diet
◉ hominins.
Answer: sub-family of hominids that have bipedalism
now this is only humans (homo sapiens), 2 MYA
◉ paranthropus.
Answer: before hominin, defining traits -
◉ homo ergaster.
Answer: sister neanderthals, left Africa two million years ago,
evolved into denisovans
, ◉ homo habilis.
Answer: first to use tools, had small skulls
◉ homo erectus.
Answer: first to use fire, evolved in Asia
◉ homo heidelbergensis.
Answer: evolved in Africa and moved to Eurasia
◉ homo nenderthalensis (neanderthals).
Answer: used complex tools, evolved in Europe and Western Asia,
interbred with homo sapiens
◉ introgression.
Answer: the transmission of alleles from one species to another with
limited interbreeding, ex) neanderthals gave alleles to homo sapiens
that still exist today
◉ lactase persistence.
Answer: the continued activity of the lactase enzyme
◉ mammals.
