NUR 325 Exam 3 Question and answers
correctly solved 2026/2027
Define and describe the concept of gas exchange - correct answer ✔Gas exchange is the process by
which oxygen is transported to cells and carbon dioxide is transported away from cells.
important because of O2 and waste removal
variations and context of gas exchange: Impairment of gas exchange occurs when the diffusion of gases
(oxygen and carbon dioxide) becomes impaired because of....... - correct answer ✔- Ineffective
ventilation
- Reduced capacity for gas transportation (reduced hemoglobin and/or red blood cells)
- Inadequate perfusion
risk factors for impaired gas exchange - correct answer ✔- Infants
- Children
- Older adults
- Smoking
- Presence of chronic medical conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic
fibrosis (CF), heart failure (HF)
- Immunosuppression
- Reduced state of cognition
- Brain injury
- Prolonged immobility
RECOGNIZE WHEN AN INDIVIDUAL HAS COMPROMISED GAS EXCHANGE: CUES - correct answer
✔History (Problem Based)
,- Past medical history (exercise, sputum, cough,
- Family history
- Current medications
- Lifestyle behaviors
- Occupation (pesticide sprayer, healthcare behaviors, construction, mining)
- Social environment
- Problem - based history (recurring asthma
Examination
- Vital signs
- Inspection
• Breathing effort
• Skin color
• Thorax
• Extremities (clubbing, cap refill, skinny extremities)
- Auscultation
Examination findings for optimal gas exchange vs. impaired gas exchange - correct answer ✔- cap refill
- distressed?
- symmetrical breathing? (both sides)
- skin color
- pulse ox
- auscultation (clear, crackles, etc)
- pulse (fast? weak? thready? bounding?)
, appropriate nursing and collaborative interventions/ interprofessional care for optimizing gas exchange:
PRIMARY PREVENTION - correct answer ✔• Infection control
• Smoking cessation
• Immunizations
• Preventing postoperative complications
nursing and collaborative interventions/ interprofessional care for optimizing gas exchange: SECONDARY
PREVENTIONS (SCREENING) - correct answer ✔• Flu
• Pneumonia
• Tuberculosis
• COVID
nursing and COLLABOARATIVE INTERVENTIONS interprofessional care for optimizing gas exchange -
correct answer ✔• Smoking Cessation
• Pharmacotherapy
• Oxygen Therapy
• Airway Management and Breathing Support
• Chest Physiotherapy
• Invasive Procedures
- Chest tubes, thoracentesis, bronchoscopy
• Nutrition Therapy
• Positioning
nursing and collaborative interventions/ interprofessional care for optimizing gas exchange: DIET -
correct answer ✔high carb and protein diet (I THINK, CHECK WITH SHEPHERD)
correctly solved 2026/2027
Define and describe the concept of gas exchange - correct answer ✔Gas exchange is the process by
which oxygen is transported to cells and carbon dioxide is transported away from cells.
important because of O2 and waste removal
variations and context of gas exchange: Impairment of gas exchange occurs when the diffusion of gases
(oxygen and carbon dioxide) becomes impaired because of....... - correct answer ✔- Ineffective
ventilation
- Reduced capacity for gas transportation (reduced hemoglobin and/or red blood cells)
- Inadequate perfusion
risk factors for impaired gas exchange - correct answer ✔- Infants
- Children
- Older adults
- Smoking
- Presence of chronic medical conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic
fibrosis (CF), heart failure (HF)
- Immunosuppression
- Reduced state of cognition
- Brain injury
- Prolonged immobility
RECOGNIZE WHEN AN INDIVIDUAL HAS COMPROMISED GAS EXCHANGE: CUES - correct answer
✔History (Problem Based)
,- Past medical history (exercise, sputum, cough,
- Family history
- Current medications
- Lifestyle behaviors
- Occupation (pesticide sprayer, healthcare behaviors, construction, mining)
- Social environment
- Problem - based history (recurring asthma
Examination
- Vital signs
- Inspection
• Breathing effort
• Skin color
• Thorax
• Extremities (clubbing, cap refill, skinny extremities)
- Auscultation
Examination findings for optimal gas exchange vs. impaired gas exchange - correct answer ✔- cap refill
- distressed?
- symmetrical breathing? (both sides)
- skin color
- pulse ox
- auscultation (clear, crackles, etc)
- pulse (fast? weak? thready? bounding?)
, appropriate nursing and collaborative interventions/ interprofessional care for optimizing gas exchange:
PRIMARY PREVENTION - correct answer ✔• Infection control
• Smoking cessation
• Immunizations
• Preventing postoperative complications
nursing and collaborative interventions/ interprofessional care for optimizing gas exchange: SECONDARY
PREVENTIONS (SCREENING) - correct answer ✔• Flu
• Pneumonia
• Tuberculosis
• COVID
nursing and COLLABOARATIVE INTERVENTIONS interprofessional care for optimizing gas exchange -
correct answer ✔• Smoking Cessation
• Pharmacotherapy
• Oxygen Therapy
• Airway Management and Breathing Support
• Chest Physiotherapy
• Invasive Procedures
- Chest tubes, thoracentesis, bronchoscopy
• Nutrition Therapy
• Positioning
nursing and collaborative interventions/ interprofessional care for optimizing gas exchange: DIET -
correct answer ✔high carb and protein diet (I THINK, CHECK WITH SHEPHERD)
