RNSG 1128 Exam 1
Introduction to Health Care Concepts | San Antonio College
Name: ____________________________________ Date: ____________________
Instructions: Choose the one best answer for each question.
1. Which statement best describes the basic function of the immune system?
A. Remove foreign antigens to help maintain homeostasis
B. Move air between the lungs and the environment
C. Store blood and regulate its circulation
D. Produce red blood cells for oxygen transport
✓ Correct answer: A. Remove foreign antigens to help maintain homeostasis
Rationale: The blueprint describes the immune system's basic function as removing foreign antigens, including viruses and
bacteria, to maintain homeostasis.
2. A patient asks what distinguishes innate immunity from adaptive immunity. Which response is
supported by the blueprint?
A. Adaptive immunity is always the first response and is nonspecific
B. Innate immunity develops only after birth and has antigen-specific memory
C. Adaptive immunity is limited to cells that release histamine
D. Innate immunity is present at birth and does not depend on memory of prior contact
✓ Correct answer: D. Innate immunity is present at birth and does not depend on memory of prior contact
Rationale: Innate immunity is present at birth and responds without remembering prior contact; adaptive immunity develops
after birth and has memory.
3. Which leukocyte is described as arriving first at an inflammatory site and acting as a phagocyte?
A. Neutrophil
B. Lymphocyte
C. Basophil
D. Eosinophil
✓ Correct answer: A. Neutrophil
Rationale: The source identifies neutrophils as the first cells to arrive at an inflammation site and notes their phagocytic
role.
4. A differential count shows an increase in eosinophils. Which interpretation is consistent with the
blueprint?
A. It indicates a primary antibody response to bacteria
B. The increase may be associated with an allergic reaction or parasitic infection
C. It identifies the first leukocyte at an inflammation site
D. It is usually unaffected by infection
✓ Correct answer: B. The increase may be associated with an allergic reaction or parasitic infection
Rationale: The blueprint notes that eosinophils may increase with allergic reactions and parasitic infections.
5. Which function is attributed to basophils in the supplied material?
A. They release histamine and heparin
B. They mature into T lymphocytes
C. They produce antibodies against specific antigens
D. They filter and store blood
✓ Correct answer: A. They release histamine and heparin
Rationale: The source says basophils can increase in allergic reactions or stress responses and release histamine and
heparin.
RNSG 1128 Exam 1 | Page 1
, 6. A nurse is explaining humoral immunity. Which cell activity should be included?
A. Macrophages create memory by storing antigens in red bone marrow
B. B cells, with helper T-cell assistance, can differentiate into plasma cells that produce antibodies
C. Cytotoxic T cells produce antibodies after entering the thymus
D. Neutrophils mature into plasma cells in secondary lymphoid tissue
✓ Correct answer: B. B cells, with helper T-cell assistance, can differentiate into plasma cells that produce
antibodies
Rationale: Humoral immunity is mainly B-cell dependent; with helper T-cell assistance, B cells can become antibody-
producing plasma cells.
7. Which description best fits cell-mediated adaptive immunity?
A. It consists only of histamine release by basophils
B. It depends mainly on T cells that react with or destroy cells recognized as harmful
C. It depends mainly on B cells producing antibodies against a specific antigen
D. It is present at birth and has no memory
✓ Correct answer: B. It depends mainly on T cells that react with or destroy cells recognized as harmful
Rationale: The source describes cell-mediated immunity as mainly T-cell dependent and involving lymphocytes that destroy
or react with harmful cells.
8. Which feature distinguishes an adaptive immune response in the blueprint?
A. It is available at birth and has no memory
B. It occurs only within minutes after exposure
C. It is specific, takes several days to develop, and has memory
D. It is limited to the release of inflammatory mediators
✓ Correct answer: C. It is specific, takes several days to develop, and has memory
Rationale: The blueprint defines adaptive immunity as specific, taking several days to develop, and having memory.
9. Which primary lymphoid tissue produces blood and immune cells?
A. Thymus
B. Red bone marrow
C. Tonsils
D. Spleen
✓ Correct answer: B. Red bone marrow
Rationale: The source lists red bone marrow as the site where blood and immune cells are produced.
10. A question asks where T lymphocytes mature. Which answer follows the blueprint?
A. Lymph nodes
B. Spleen
C. Red bone marrow
D. Thymus
✓ Correct answer: D. Thymus
Rationale: The blueprint identifies the thymus as the site of T-lymphocyte maturation.
11. Which function is associated with the spleen in the supplied material?
A. Producing all antibodies without lymphocyte involvement
B. Serving as the first site of innate immunity at birth
C. Maturing T lymphocytes
D. Filtering and storing blood and producing white blood cells that fight infection or disease
✓ Correct answer: D. Filtering and storing blood and producing white blood cells that fight infection or
disease
Rationale: The source lists the spleen among secondary lymphoid tissues and describes it as filtering and storing blood
and producing infection-fighting WBCs.
RNSG 1128 Exam 1 | Page 2
Introduction to Health Care Concepts | San Antonio College
Name: ____________________________________ Date: ____________________
Instructions: Choose the one best answer for each question.
1. Which statement best describes the basic function of the immune system?
A. Remove foreign antigens to help maintain homeostasis
B. Move air between the lungs and the environment
C. Store blood and regulate its circulation
D. Produce red blood cells for oxygen transport
✓ Correct answer: A. Remove foreign antigens to help maintain homeostasis
Rationale: The blueprint describes the immune system's basic function as removing foreign antigens, including viruses and
bacteria, to maintain homeostasis.
2. A patient asks what distinguishes innate immunity from adaptive immunity. Which response is
supported by the blueprint?
A. Adaptive immunity is always the first response and is nonspecific
B. Innate immunity develops only after birth and has antigen-specific memory
C. Adaptive immunity is limited to cells that release histamine
D. Innate immunity is present at birth and does not depend on memory of prior contact
✓ Correct answer: D. Innate immunity is present at birth and does not depend on memory of prior contact
Rationale: Innate immunity is present at birth and responds without remembering prior contact; adaptive immunity develops
after birth and has memory.
3. Which leukocyte is described as arriving first at an inflammatory site and acting as a phagocyte?
A. Neutrophil
B. Lymphocyte
C. Basophil
D. Eosinophil
✓ Correct answer: A. Neutrophil
Rationale: The source identifies neutrophils as the first cells to arrive at an inflammation site and notes their phagocytic
role.
4. A differential count shows an increase in eosinophils. Which interpretation is consistent with the
blueprint?
A. It indicates a primary antibody response to bacteria
B. The increase may be associated with an allergic reaction or parasitic infection
C. It identifies the first leukocyte at an inflammation site
D. It is usually unaffected by infection
✓ Correct answer: B. The increase may be associated with an allergic reaction or parasitic infection
Rationale: The blueprint notes that eosinophils may increase with allergic reactions and parasitic infections.
5. Which function is attributed to basophils in the supplied material?
A. They release histamine and heparin
B. They mature into T lymphocytes
C. They produce antibodies against specific antigens
D. They filter and store blood
✓ Correct answer: A. They release histamine and heparin
Rationale: The source says basophils can increase in allergic reactions or stress responses and release histamine and
heparin.
RNSG 1128 Exam 1 | Page 1
, 6. A nurse is explaining humoral immunity. Which cell activity should be included?
A. Macrophages create memory by storing antigens in red bone marrow
B. B cells, with helper T-cell assistance, can differentiate into plasma cells that produce antibodies
C. Cytotoxic T cells produce antibodies after entering the thymus
D. Neutrophils mature into plasma cells in secondary lymphoid tissue
✓ Correct answer: B. B cells, with helper T-cell assistance, can differentiate into plasma cells that produce
antibodies
Rationale: Humoral immunity is mainly B-cell dependent; with helper T-cell assistance, B cells can become antibody-
producing plasma cells.
7. Which description best fits cell-mediated adaptive immunity?
A. It consists only of histamine release by basophils
B. It depends mainly on T cells that react with or destroy cells recognized as harmful
C. It depends mainly on B cells producing antibodies against a specific antigen
D. It is present at birth and has no memory
✓ Correct answer: B. It depends mainly on T cells that react with or destroy cells recognized as harmful
Rationale: The source describes cell-mediated immunity as mainly T-cell dependent and involving lymphocytes that destroy
or react with harmful cells.
8. Which feature distinguishes an adaptive immune response in the blueprint?
A. It is available at birth and has no memory
B. It occurs only within minutes after exposure
C. It is specific, takes several days to develop, and has memory
D. It is limited to the release of inflammatory mediators
✓ Correct answer: C. It is specific, takes several days to develop, and has memory
Rationale: The blueprint defines adaptive immunity as specific, taking several days to develop, and having memory.
9. Which primary lymphoid tissue produces blood and immune cells?
A. Thymus
B. Red bone marrow
C. Tonsils
D. Spleen
✓ Correct answer: B. Red bone marrow
Rationale: The source lists red bone marrow as the site where blood and immune cells are produced.
10. A question asks where T lymphocytes mature. Which answer follows the blueprint?
A. Lymph nodes
B. Spleen
C. Red bone marrow
D. Thymus
✓ Correct answer: D. Thymus
Rationale: The blueprint identifies the thymus as the site of T-lymphocyte maturation.
11. Which function is associated with the spleen in the supplied material?
A. Producing all antibodies without lymphocyte involvement
B. Serving as the first site of innate immunity at birth
C. Maturing T lymphocytes
D. Filtering and storing blood and producing white blood cells that fight infection or disease
✓ Correct answer: D. Filtering and storing blood and producing white blood cells that fight infection or
disease
Rationale: The source lists the spleen among secondary lymphoid tissues and describes it as filtering and storing blood
and producing infection-fighting WBCs.
RNSG 1128 Exam 1 | Page 2
