NSG-3800 Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-
2027 Exams Includes Frequently Tested Questions With
ELABORATED 100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass First Attempt!! Current Update!!
1. The nurse is providing care for a client with a decreased calcium level.
Which foods should the nurse recommend? (Select all that apply)
A. Sardines
B. Milk
C. Cheese
D. Bananas
Rationale: Sardines (with bones), milk, and cheese are rich in calcium.
Bananas are a potassium source.
2. A client has a serum sodium level of 130 mEq/L. Which signs and
symptoms should the nurse monitor for? (Select all that apply)
A. Convulsions
B. Decreased LOC
C. Intense thirst
D. Hyperreflexia with tetany
Rationale: A sodium of 130 mEq/L is hyponatremia (normal 135-145). Water
shifts into brain cells, causing CNS effects such as confusion, decreased LOC,
and seizures.
3. Which labs help determine fluid status? (Select all that apply)
A. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
B. Serum sodium (Na⁺)
C. Creatinine
D. Serum potassium (K⁺)
, Rationale: These labs reflect hydration and renal function. Rising BUN,
creatinine, and sodium suggest volume deficit.
4. 90. A client has a serum potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L. Which signs and
symptoms should the nurse monitor for? (Select all that apply)
A. Irregular pulses
B. Hypotension
C. Muscle weakness
D. Cardiac dysrhythmias
Rationale: A potassium of 5.2 mEq/L is hyperkalemia (normal 3.5-5.0). It
affects cardiac conduction and muscle function, and severe cases can lead
to cardiac arrest.
5. While washing the face of a patient in renal failure, the nurse notes a
spasm of the lips and face. Which electrolyte level should the nurse
assess?
A. Sodium
B. Potassium
C. Calcium
D. Chloride
Rationale: Facial spasm (a positive Chvostek's sign) indicates hypocalcemia.
Renal failure impairs vitamin D activation and phosphate excretion,
lowering calcium.
6. True or false: Decreased blood pressure is the #1 sign of fluid volume
deficit.
A. True
B. False
Rationale: Tachycardia is the #1 sign. Heart rate rises first to compensate
and maintain blood pressure. A drop in BP is a later sign.
, 7. An excess of fluid pushed into the intravascular space results in which
findings? (Select all that apply)
A. Edema
B. Sore joints
C. Flat neck veins
D. Tenting of the skin
Rationale: Fluid overload increases hydrostatic pressure and produces
edema. Flat neck veins and tenting are signs of hypovolemia.
8. The nurse is caring for a client with hypovolemia. Which finding should
the nurse anticipate?
A. Thirst
B. Bounding pulse
C. Crackles in the lungs
D. Weight gain
Rationale: Decreased circulating volume triggers thirst. Bounding pulses,
crackles, and weight gain suggest hypervolemia.
9. Which electrolytes reside mostly in extracellular fluid? (Select all that
apply)
A. Chloride
B. Bicarbonate
C. Sodium
D. Potassium
Rationale: Sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate are the main extracellular
electrolytes. Potassium, magnesium, and phosphate are mostly intracellular.
10.Before hanging an IV containing potassium, what will the nurse confirm?
A. Serum sodium of at least 135 mEq/L
B. Urine output of at least 30 mL/hr
2027 Exams Includes Frequently Tested Questions With
ELABORATED 100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass First Attempt!! Current Update!!
1. The nurse is providing care for a client with a decreased calcium level.
Which foods should the nurse recommend? (Select all that apply)
A. Sardines
B. Milk
C. Cheese
D. Bananas
Rationale: Sardines (with bones), milk, and cheese are rich in calcium.
Bananas are a potassium source.
2. A client has a serum sodium level of 130 mEq/L. Which signs and
symptoms should the nurse monitor for? (Select all that apply)
A. Convulsions
B. Decreased LOC
C. Intense thirst
D. Hyperreflexia with tetany
Rationale: A sodium of 130 mEq/L is hyponatremia (normal 135-145). Water
shifts into brain cells, causing CNS effects such as confusion, decreased LOC,
and seizures.
3. Which labs help determine fluid status? (Select all that apply)
A. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
B. Serum sodium (Na⁺)
C. Creatinine
D. Serum potassium (K⁺)
, Rationale: These labs reflect hydration and renal function. Rising BUN,
creatinine, and sodium suggest volume deficit.
4. 90. A client has a serum potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L. Which signs and
symptoms should the nurse monitor for? (Select all that apply)
A. Irregular pulses
B. Hypotension
C. Muscle weakness
D. Cardiac dysrhythmias
Rationale: A potassium of 5.2 mEq/L is hyperkalemia (normal 3.5-5.0). It
affects cardiac conduction and muscle function, and severe cases can lead
to cardiac arrest.
5. While washing the face of a patient in renal failure, the nurse notes a
spasm of the lips and face. Which electrolyte level should the nurse
assess?
A. Sodium
B. Potassium
C. Calcium
D. Chloride
Rationale: Facial spasm (a positive Chvostek's sign) indicates hypocalcemia.
Renal failure impairs vitamin D activation and phosphate excretion,
lowering calcium.
6. True or false: Decreased blood pressure is the #1 sign of fluid volume
deficit.
A. True
B. False
Rationale: Tachycardia is the #1 sign. Heart rate rises first to compensate
and maintain blood pressure. A drop in BP is a later sign.
, 7. An excess of fluid pushed into the intravascular space results in which
findings? (Select all that apply)
A. Edema
B. Sore joints
C. Flat neck veins
D. Tenting of the skin
Rationale: Fluid overload increases hydrostatic pressure and produces
edema. Flat neck veins and tenting are signs of hypovolemia.
8. The nurse is caring for a client with hypovolemia. Which finding should
the nurse anticipate?
A. Thirst
B. Bounding pulse
C. Crackles in the lungs
D. Weight gain
Rationale: Decreased circulating volume triggers thirst. Bounding pulses,
crackles, and weight gain suggest hypervolemia.
9. Which electrolytes reside mostly in extracellular fluid? (Select all that
apply)
A. Chloride
B. Bicarbonate
C. Sodium
D. Potassium
Rationale: Sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate are the main extracellular
electrolytes. Potassium, magnesium, and phosphate are mostly intracellular.
10.Before hanging an IV containing potassium, what will the nurse confirm?
A. Serum sodium of at least 135 mEq/L
B. Urine output of at least 30 mL/hr
