NU 136 EXAM 1: FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING | NEWEST
VERSION | UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS
• Define wellness. -✓✓ANSWER: Wellness is the balanced integration of physical,
emotional, social, and spiritual health.
• What is the difference between illness and disease? -✓✓ANSWER: Illness is the
patient's personal experience of being unwell, while disease is a pathologic
process such as infection or organ dysfunction.
• What is a primary illness? -✓✓ANSWER: A primary illness is a new illness that
arises independently.
• What does acute mean in terms of illness? -✓✓ANSWER: Acute refers to a
sudden onset and usually short duration of illness.
• What is Maslow's hierarchy of needs? -✓✓ANSWER: A priority framework that
ranks needs from physiological to self-actualization.
• What is homeostasis? -✓✓ANSWER: Homeostasis is the internal balance of the
body.
• What is the chain of infection? -✓✓ANSWER: Infectious agent → reservoir →
portal of exit → mode of transmission → portal of entry → susceptible host.
• What is the goal of nursing in relation to the chain of infection? -✓✓ANSWER:
The goal is to break any link in the chain of infection.
, • What are the stages of infection? -✓✓ANSWER: Incubation, prodromal, illness,
and convalescence.
• What is the difference between medical and surgical asepsis? -✓✓ANSWER:
Medical asepsis reduces organisms and transmission, while surgical asepsis
prevents exposure to living microorganisms.
• When should soap and water be used for hand hygiene? -✓✓ANSWER: When
hands are visibly soiled and for spore-forming organisms like C. difficile.
• What are standard precautions? -✓✓ANSWER: Precautions used for every
patient to prevent infection.
• What does RACE stand for in fire safety? -✓✓ANSWER: Rescue, Alarm, Contain,
Extinguish/Evacuate.
• What is the priority action after a patient falls? -✓✓ANSWER: Assess the patient
for injuries before lifting them back into bed.
• What are the major risks for falls? -✓✓ANSWER: Impaired mobility, weakness,
altered mental status, sensory deficits, previous falls, medications, and unfamiliar
environments.
• What is the purpose of bathing in hygiene care? -✓✓ANSWER: To cleanse the
skin, promote comfort, stimulate circulation, and remove waste.
VERSION | UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS
• Define wellness. -✓✓ANSWER: Wellness is the balanced integration of physical,
emotional, social, and spiritual health.
• What is the difference between illness and disease? -✓✓ANSWER: Illness is the
patient's personal experience of being unwell, while disease is a pathologic
process such as infection or organ dysfunction.
• What is a primary illness? -✓✓ANSWER: A primary illness is a new illness that
arises independently.
• What does acute mean in terms of illness? -✓✓ANSWER: Acute refers to a
sudden onset and usually short duration of illness.
• What is Maslow's hierarchy of needs? -✓✓ANSWER: A priority framework that
ranks needs from physiological to self-actualization.
• What is homeostasis? -✓✓ANSWER: Homeostasis is the internal balance of the
body.
• What is the chain of infection? -✓✓ANSWER: Infectious agent → reservoir →
portal of exit → mode of transmission → portal of entry → susceptible host.
• What is the goal of nursing in relation to the chain of infection? -✓✓ANSWER:
The goal is to break any link in the chain of infection.
, • What are the stages of infection? -✓✓ANSWER: Incubation, prodromal, illness,
and convalescence.
• What is the difference between medical and surgical asepsis? -✓✓ANSWER:
Medical asepsis reduces organisms and transmission, while surgical asepsis
prevents exposure to living microorganisms.
• When should soap and water be used for hand hygiene? -✓✓ANSWER: When
hands are visibly soiled and for spore-forming organisms like C. difficile.
• What are standard precautions? -✓✓ANSWER: Precautions used for every
patient to prevent infection.
• What does RACE stand for in fire safety? -✓✓ANSWER: Rescue, Alarm, Contain,
Extinguish/Evacuate.
• What is the priority action after a patient falls? -✓✓ANSWER: Assess the patient
for injuries before lifting them back into bed.
• What are the major risks for falls? -✓✓ANSWER: Impaired mobility, weakness,
altered mental status, sensory deficits, previous falls, medications, and unfamiliar
environments.
• What is the purpose of bathing in hygiene care? -✓✓ANSWER: To cleanse the
skin, promote comfort, stimulate circulation, and remove waste.
