ATI FUNDAMENTALS CMS
PROCTORED FINAL EXAM STUDY
GUIDE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS |GRADE A+| JUST RELEASED
1. A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for a clear liquid diet. Which of the
following food choices should the nurse clarify with the provider?
A. Apple juice
B. Lemon gelatin
C. Chicken broth
D. Orange juice with pulp
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: A clear liquid diet consists of foods that are liquid at room
temperature and transparent. Orange juice with pulp is considered a full liquid because it is
not transparent.
2. A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection to an obese client. Which of
the following needles should the nurse select?
A. 25-gauge, 5/8-inch
B. 22-gauge, 1.5-inch
,C. 18-gauge, 1-inch
D. 20-gauge, 1/2-inch
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: For an obese client, a longer needle (at least 1.5 inches) is
required to ensure the medication reaches the muscle tissue rather than staying in the
subcutaneous layer.
3. A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a client. Which of the following techniques
should the nurse use first when assessing the abdomen?
A. Palpation
B. Percussion
C. Auscultation
D. Inspection
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: The correct sequence for abdominal assessment is inspection,
auscultation, percussion, and then palpation to avoid altering bowel sounds.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about incentive spirometry. Which of the following instructions
should the nurse include?
A. Exhale forcefully into the device.
B. Inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece.
, C. Use the device once every 4 hours while awake.
D. Inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece.
B. Hold your breath for 10 seconds after exhaling.
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Incentive spirometry encourages deep breathing through slow,
deep inhalations to expand the lungs and prevent atelectasis.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who has Clostridium difficile (C. diff). Which of the following
infection control precautions should the nurse implement?
A. Wear a mask within 3 feet of the client.
B. Wash hands with soap and water after care.
C. Use alcohol-based hand rub for hand hygiene.
D. Place the client in a negative-pressure room.
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: C. diff spores are resistant to alcohol-based rubs; therefore,
mechanical washing with soap and water is required to remove them from hands.
6. A client is scheduled for surgery, and the nurse is witnessing the signature on the informed
consent form. The nurse’s signature indicates which of the following?
A. The client fully understands the risks of the procedure.
B. The client signed the form voluntarily and is competent.
PROCTORED FINAL EXAM STUDY
GUIDE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS |GRADE A+| JUST RELEASED
1. A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for a clear liquid diet. Which of the
following food choices should the nurse clarify with the provider?
A. Apple juice
B. Lemon gelatin
C. Chicken broth
D. Orange juice with pulp
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: A clear liquid diet consists of foods that are liquid at room
temperature and transparent. Orange juice with pulp is considered a full liquid because it is
not transparent.
2. A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection to an obese client. Which of
the following needles should the nurse select?
A. 25-gauge, 5/8-inch
B. 22-gauge, 1.5-inch
,C. 18-gauge, 1-inch
D. 20-gauge, 1/2-inch
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: For an obese client, a longer needle (at least 1.5 inches) is
required to ensure the medication reaches the muscle tissue rather than staying in the
subcutaneous layer.
3. A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a client. Which of the following techniques
should the nurse use first when assessing the abdomen?
A. Palpation
B. Percussion
C. Auscultation
D. Inspection
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: The correct sequence for abdominal assessment is inspection,
auscultation, percussion, and then palpation to avoid altering bowel sounds.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about incentive spirometry. Which of the following instructions
should the nurse include?
A. Exhale forcefully into the device.
B. Inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece.
, C. Use the device once every 4 hours while awake.
D. Inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece.
B. Hold your breath for 10 seconds after exhaling.
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Incentive spirometry encourages deep breathing through slow,
deep inhalations to expand the lungs and prevent atelectasis.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who has Clostridium difficile (C. diff). Which of the following
infection control precautions should the nurse implement?
A. Wear a mask within 3 feet of the client.
B. Wash hands with soap and water after care.
C. Use alcohol-based hand rub for hand hygiene.
D. Place the client in a negative-pressure room.
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: C. diff spores are resistant to alcohol-based rubs; therefore,
mechanical washing with soap and water is required to remove them from hands.
6. A client is scheduled for surgery, and the nurse is witnessing the signature on the informed
consent form. The nurse’s signature indicates which of the following?
A. The client fully understands the risks of the procedure.
B. The client signed the form voluntarily and is competent.
