Kaiser EKG Test Exam Comprehensive
Questions and Answers (Verified
Answers) Updated (Actual Exam)
2026\2027 LATEST VERSION!!
depolarization
- inside of cell becomes positive, outside negative
- contraction
- na+ channel opens
- ELECTRICAL
repolarization
movement of cells = inside is negative again
- na+ channels close, k+ channels open
- MECHANICAL
p wave
qrs wave
t wave
- (p) atrial depolarization
- (qrs) ventricular depolarization
- (t) ventricular repolarization
,refractory period
per of time where cardiac cells cannot respond to stimulus
absolute refractory period
beginning of qrs to peak of t wave
relative refractory (vulnerable per of repolarization)
- cardiac cells have repolarized enough to respond to strong
stimulus
- during this per a strong stimulus may overtake the pacemaker of
the heart
- ex. PVC during vulnerable period may turn into vtach or
torsades
- prolonged QT interval inc possibility
causes of prolonged qt intervals
haldol, bradycardia, hypokalemia
automaticity
ability of pacemaker cells to initiate electrical impulse
excitability
ability of muscle cells to respond to outside stimulus
conductivity
ability to recieve electrical stimulus and conduct impulse to
adjacent cells
contraction
cardiac cells shorten = muscular contraction in response to
electrical stimulus
sa node
- primary pacemaker of heart
- 60-90 bpm
av node
delay = atrial contraction + ventricular filling
- 40-60 bpm
bundle of his
, ability to self initiate electrical activity
- 40-60 bpm
purkinje fibers
network of fibers that carry electrical impulse to ventricular muscle
cells
- 20-40 bpm
NSR
Brady
Tachy
SVT
Junctional
Ventricular rhythm
NSR 60-100
Brady 40-60
Tachy >100
SVT >150
Junctional 40-60
Ventricular rhythm 20 - 40
PR interval
0.12-0.20
beginning of p to beginning of qrs
qrs interval
< 0.12
beginning of q to end of s
qt interval
beginning of q to end of t
- heart rate dependent
is rhythm regular or irregular
measure interval between R waves
ventricular rate
- count # of qrs complexes
Questions and Answers (Verified
Answers) Updated (Actual Exam)
2026\2027 LATEST VERSION!!
depolarization
- inside of cell becomes positive, outside negative
- contraction
- na+ channel opens
- ELECTRICAL
repolarization
movement of cells = inside is negative again
- na+ channels close, k+ channels open
- MECHANICAL
p wave
qrs wave
t wave
- (p) atrial depolarization
- (qrs) ventricular depolarization
- (t) ventricular repolarization
,refractory period
per of time where cardiac cells cannot respond to stimulus
absolute refractory period
beginning of qrs to peak of t wave
relative refractory (vulnerable per of repolarization)
- cardiac cells have repolarized enough to respond to strong
stimulus
- during this per a strong stimulus may overtake the pacemaker of
the heart
- ex. PVC during vulnerable period may turn into vtach or
torsades
- prolonged QT interval inc possibility
causes of prolonged qt intervals
haldol, bradycardia, hypokalemia
automaticity
ability of pacemaker cells to initiate electrical impulse
excitability
ability of muscle cells to respond to outside stimulus
conductivity
ability to recieve electrical stimulus and conduct impulse to
adjacent cells
contraction
cardiac cells shorten = muscular contraction in response to
electrical stimulus
sa node
- primary pacemaker of heart
- 60-90 bpm
av node
delay = atrial contraction + ventricular filling
- 40-60 bpm
bundle of his
, ability to self initiate electrical activity
- 40-60 bpm
purkinje fibers
network of fibers that carry electrical impulse to ventricular muscle
cells
- 20-40 bpm
NSR
Brady
Tachy
SVT
Junctional
Ventricular rhythm
NSR 60-100
Brady 40-60
Tachy >100
SVT >150
Junctional 40-60
Ventricular rhythm 20 - 40
PR interval
0.12-0.20
beginning of p to beginning of qrs
qrs interval
< 0.12
beginning of q to end of s
qt interval
beginning of q to end of t
- heart rate dependent
is rhythm regular or irregular
measure interval between R waves
ventricular rate
- count # of qrs complexes
