Critical Thinking Reason and Evidence
D265 rated A
Which sentence is a non-proposition?
- If the burglar did not go out the front door, they must have gone out a window.
- The earth is the third planet from the sun.
- Where are the keys to my car?
- Mount Everest is the tallest mountain in the world. - correct answer ✅Where
are the keys to my car?
Did the company really close that deal? It has had a great year. Where is the
president right now? Let's go ask whether the deal was closed.
In the above paragraph, which sentence expresses a proposition?
- Where is the president right now?
- Did the company really close that deal?
- Let's go ask whether the deal was closed.
- It has had a great year. - correct answer ✅It has had a great year.
Propositions - correct answer ✅Statements that can be true or false.
Non-propositions - correct answer ✅Sentences that are not statements about
matters of fact (or fiction). They do not make a claim that can be true or false.
Which sentence expresses a complex proposition?
,Critical Thinking Reason and Evidence
D265 rated A
- Birthday parties can be really fun.
- The cat ate the food, but did not like it.
- Too many employees are used to high-stress work environments in the United
States.
- Why did the monkey escape, and who is responsible? - correct answer ✅The
cat ate the food, but did not like it.
If the computer is not fixed, then the company either needs to buy a new one or
will not be able to keep up productivity.
Which of the following breaks down the complex proposition above into the
simple propositions?
- If the computer is not fixed, then the company needs to buy a new one. The
company will not be able to keep up productivity.
- The computer is not fixed. The company needs to buy a new computer. The
company will not be able to keep up productivity.
- The computer is not fixed. The company either needs to buy a new one or will
not be able to keep up productivity.
- The company does not have enough computers. - correct answer ✅The
computer is not fixed. The company needs to buy a new computer. The company
will not be able to keep up productivity.
Simple propositions - correct answer ✅Simple propositions have no internal
logical structure, meaning whether they are true or false does not depend on
whether part of them is true or false. They are simply true or false on their own.
,Critical Thinking Reason and Evidence
D265 rated A
Complex propositions - correct answer ✅Complex propositions have internal
logical structure, meaning they are composed of simple propositions. Whether
they are true or false depends on whether their parts are true or false.
If the new employee wants to succeed, then they need to show up on time. How
many times have we heard the manager complain about tardiness? Nobody likes a
7 a.m. start time, but it was in the job description. We should remind the new
employee how important this is.
Which is a simple proposition that is expressed in the above paragraph?
- The new employee wants to succeed.
- How many times have we heard the manager complain about tardiness?
- The employees look out for each other.
- If the new employee wants to succeed, then they need to show up on time. -
correct answer ✅The new employee wants to succeed.
The U.S. healthcare system is difficult to navigate, and this negatively affects many
of us. Many people are unsure exactly how their health insurance coverage works
and are not sure where they can go to get care. What can be done to improve
this? If changes are not made soon, the problem will only get worse.
Which is a simple proposition that is expressed in the above paragraph?
- Many people are not sure where they can go to get care.
- The U.S. healthcare system is difficult to navigate, and this negatively affects
many of us.
- What can be done to improve this?
, Critical Thinking Reason and Evidence
D265 rated A
- Many people are unsure exactly how their health insurance coverage works and
are not sure where they can go to get care. - correct answer ✅Many people are
not sure where they can go to get care.
Bad inferential structure - correct answer ✅Every argument with the same
structure as this argument is bad (invalid or weak). The premises do not, in fact,
demonstrate or maybe even support the conclusion. In other words, we can
accept the premises as true without being compelled to accept the conclusion.
There is something wrong with this argument's general structure.
False premise - correct answer ✅This particular argument has a
premise/assumption that is false. There is something wrong with this argument's
particular content.
Conclusion Indicators - correct answer ✅Therefore, so, it follows that, hence,
thus, entails that, we may conclude that, implies that, wherefore, as a result
Premise Indicators - correct answer ✅Because, for, given that, in that, as, since,
as indicated by
"Since we cannot go out until the restaurant opens, and given that we are trying
to save money, we should just hang out here until closer to dinner."
Which statements are the premises of the following argument? Choose 2 answers.
- We cannot go out until the restaurant opens.
- We are trying to save money.
D265 rated A
Which sentence is a non-proposition?
- If the burglar did not go out the front door, they must have gone out a window.
- The earth is the third planet from the sun.
- Where are the keys to my car?
- Mount Everest is the tallest mountain in the world. - correct answer ✅Where
are the keys to my car?
Did the company really close that deal? It has had a great year. Where is the
president right now? Let's go ask whether the deal was closed.
In the above paragraph, which sentence expresses a proposition?
- Where is the president right now?
- Did the company really close that deal?
- Let's go ask whether the deal was closed.
- It has had a great year. - correct answer ✅It has had a great year.
Propositions - correct answer ✅Statements that can be true or false.
Non-propositions - correct answer ✅Sentences that are not statements about
matters of fact (or fiction). They do not make a claim that can be true or false.
Which sentence expresses a complex proposition?
,Critical Thinking Reason and Evidence
D265 rated A
- Birthday parties can be really fun.
- The cat ate the food, but did not like it.
- Too many employees are used to high-stress work environments in the United
States.
- Why did the monkey escape, and who is responsible? - correct answer ✅The
cat ate the food, but did not like it.
If the computer is not fixed, then the company either needs to buy a new one or
will not be able to keep up productivity.
Which of the following breaks down the complex proposition above into the
simple propositions?
- If the computer is not fixed, then the company needs to buy a new one. The
company will not be able to keep up productivity.
- The computer is not fixed. The company needs to buy a new computer. The
company will not be able to keep up productivity.
- The computer is not fixed. The company either needs to buy a new one or will
not be able to keep up productivity.
- The company does not have enough computers. - correct answer ✅The
computer is not fixed. The company needs to buy a new computer. The company
will not be able to keep up productivity.
Simple propositions - correct answer ✅Simple propositions have no internal
logical structure, meaning whether they are true or false does not depend on
whether part of them is true or false. They are simply true or false on their own.
,Critical Thinking Reason and Evidence
D265 rated A
Complex propositions - correct answer ✅Complex propositions have internal
logical structure, meaning they are composed of simple propositions. Whether
they are true or false depends on whether their parts are true or false.
If the new employee wants to succeed, then they need to show up on time. How
many times have we heard the manager complain about tardiness? Nobody likes a
7 a.m. start time, but it was in the job description. We should remind the new
employee how important this is.
Which is a simple proposition that is expressed in the above paragraph?
- The new employee wants to succeed.
- How many times have we heard the manager complain about tardiness?
- The employees look out for each other.
- If the new employee wants to succeed, then they need to show up on time. -
correct answer ✅The new employee wants to succeed.
The U.S. healthcare system is difficult to navigate, and this negatively affects many
of us. Many people are unsure exactly how their health insurance coverage works
and are not sure where they can go to get care. What can be done to improve
this? If changes are not made soon, the problem will only get worse.
Which is a simple proposition that is expressed in the above paragraph?
- Many people are not sure where they can go to get care.
- The U.S. healthcare system is difficult to navigate, and this negatively affects
many of us.
- What can be done to improve this?
, Critical Thinking Reason and Evidence
D265 rated A
- Many people are unsure exactly how their health insurance coverage works and
are not sure where they can go to get care. - correct answer ✅Many people are
not sure where they can go to get care.
Bad inferential structure - correct answer ✅Every argument with the same
structure as this argument is bad (invalid or weak). The premises do not, in fact,
demonstrate or maybe even support the conclusion. In other words, we can
accept the premises as true without being compelled to accept the conclusion.
There is something wrong with this argument's general structure.
False premise - correct answer ✅This particular argument has a
premise/assumption that is false. There is something wrong with this argument's
particular content.
Conclusion Indicators - correct answer ✅Therefore, so, it follows that, hence,
thus, entails that, we may conclude that, implies that, wherefore, as a result
Premise Indicators - correct answer ✅Because, for, given that, in that, as, since,
as indicated by
"Since we cannot go out until the restaurant opens, and given that we are trying
to save money, we should just hang out here until closer to dinner."
Which statements are the premises of the following argument? Choose 2 answers.
- We cannot go out until the restaurant opens.
- We are trying to save money.
