OB ATI Proctor Study Guide
1. Fertilization and Fetal Development
A. The lifetime of an ovum is how many hours?
B. Vaginal and cervical secretions
1. Are (less or more) acidic during ovulation?
2. Sperm (can or cannot) survive in a highly acidic environment?
3. (Thinner or thicker) during ovulation so that sperm can penetrate more easily.
C. Fertilization
1. The process of fertilization lasts how many days?
Use the following terms to fill the blanks for questions 2- 7
Fallopian tube Ovum Zygote uterine wall Corpus luteum
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
2. After ovulation, the ovum travels to the ______________________
3. Sperm penetrates the ________________
4. A fertilized egg, known as a ____________ forms and travels to the uterus
5. The Zygote implants in the ___________________
6. Progesterone and estrogen are secreted by the _____________________
7. The Chorionic villi secrete ___________________________ on the day of
implantation and can be detected by day 6.
D. Fetal membranes develop and surround the fetus.
1. The Amnion is the (inner or outer) membrane?
2. The Chorion is the (inner or outer) membrane?
E. Umbilical Cord
1. How many arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the placenta?
2. How many veins carries oxygenated blood to the fetus?
3. What is Wharton’s Jelly?
2. Pregnancy
A. Signs/symptoms of pregnancy
1. Mark each symptom as
A. Presumptive (subjective)
B. Probable (objective)
C. Positive (signs related to the presence of a fetus)
____ Hegar’s sign: softening & compressibility of the lower uterus
____ Fatigue
_____ Fetal heart tones
_____ Urinary frequency
, _____ Goodell’s sign: softening of cervical tip
_____ Quickening
_____ Nausea & Vomiting
_____ Positive pregnancy test
______ Visualization of fetus by ultrasound
_____ Chadwick’s sign: deepened violet-bluish color of vaginal mucosa secondary to
increased vascularity of the area
_____ Breast changes: darkened areola, enlarged Montgomery’s tubules
_____ Amenorrhea
_____ Ballottement: rebound of unengaged fetus
_____ Braxton Hicks contractions, painless, irregular, and usually relieved by walking
_____ Fetal movement palpated by and experienced examiner
B. Verifying Pregnancy
1)(True or False) Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) can be detected by serum and urine
tests.
2. (Higher or lower) levels of hCG can indicate multifetal pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy,
hydatidiform mole (gestational trophoblastic disease), or a genetic abnormality such as
Down Syndrome
3. (Higher or lower) levels of hCG may suggest miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy.
4. (True or False) Some medications (e.g., anticonvulsants, diuretics, tranquilizers) can
cause false-positive or false-negative pregnancy results.
C. Calculating Delivery Date
1. Estimated Date of Delivery (EDD).
Define the following rules for calculating delivery date.
Naegele’s Rule:
McDonald’s rule:
2) EDD can also be determined by ultrasound. Is the ultrasound going to be most accurate
in determining the gestational age early in the pregnancy or later in the pregnancy?
D. Antepartum Fetal Assessment
1. Define a reactive Non-stress test (NST) (normal):
2. Define a non-reactive NST (abnormal):
1. Fertilization and Fetal Development
A. The lifetime of an ovum is how many hours?
B. Vaginal and cervical secretions
1. Are (less or more) acidic during ovulation?
2. Sperm (can or cannot) survive in a highly acidic environment?
3. (Thinner or thicker) during ovulation so that sperm can penetrate more easily.
C. Fertilization
1. The process of fertilization lasts how many days?
Use the following terms to fill the blanks for questions 2- 7
Fallopian tube Ovum Zygote uterine wall Corpus luteum
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
2. After ovulation, the ovum travels to the ______________________
3. Sperm penetrates the ________________
4. A fertilized egg, known as a ____________ forms and travels to the uterus
5. The Zygote implants in the ___________________
6. Progesterone and estrogen are secreted by the _____________________
7. The Chorionic villi secrete ___________________________ on the day of
implantation and can be detected by day 6.
D. Fetal membranes develop and surround the fetus.
1. The Amnion is the (inner or outer) membrane?
2. The Chorion is the (inner or outer) membrane?
E. Umbilical Cord
1. How many arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the placenta?
2. How many veins carries oxygenated blood to the fetus?
3. What is Wharton’s Jelly?
2. Pregnancy
A. Signs/symptoms of pregnancy
1. Mark each symptom as
A. Presumptive (subjective)
B. Probable (objective)
C. Positive (signs related to the presence of a fetus)
____ Hegar’s sign: softening & compressibility of the lower uterus
____ Fatigue
_____ Fetal heart tones
_____ Urinary frequency
, _____ Goodell’s sign: softening of cervical tip
_____ Quickening
_____ Nausea & Vomiting
_____ Positive pregnancy test
______ Visualization of fetus by ultrasound
_____ Chadwick’s sign: deepened violet-bluish color of vaginal mucosa secondary to
increased vascularity of the area
_____ Breast changes: darkened areola, enlarged Montgomery’s tubules
_____ Amenorrhea
_____ Ballottement: rebound of unengaged fetus
_____ Braxton Hicks contractions, painless, irregular, and usually relieved by walking
_____ Fetal movement palpated by and experienced examiner
B. Verifying Pregnancy
1)(True or False) Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) can be detected by serum and urine
tests.
2. (Higher or lower) levels of hCG can indicate multifetal pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy,
hydatidiform mole (gestational trophoblastic disease), or a genetic abnormality such as
Down Syndrome
3. (Higher or lower) levels of hCG may suggest miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy.
4. (True or False) Some medications (e.g., anticonvulsants, diuretics, tranquilizers) can
cause false-positive or false-negative pregnancy results.
C. Calculating Delivery Date
1. Estimated Date of Delivery (EDD).
Define the following rules for calculating delivery date.
Naegele’s Rule:
McDonald’s rule:
2) EDD can also be determined by ultrasound. Is the ultrasound going to be most accurate
in determining the gestational age early in the pregnancy or later in the pregnancy?
D. Antepartum Fetal Assessment
1. Define a reactive Non-stress test (NST) (normal):
2. Define a non-reactive NST (abnormal):
