WGU D236 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM | NEWEST UPDATED
ACTUAL | EXAM QUESTIONS AND A+ VERIFIED ANSWERS
• Turner syndrome -✓✓ANSWER: A chromosomal disorder in females in which
either an *X chromosome* is missing, making the person XO instead of XX, or part
of one X chromosome is deleted.
• Tay-Sachs Disease -✓✓ANSWER: A human genetic disease caused by a recessive
allele for a dysfunctional enzyme leads to the accumulation of certain lipids in the
brain.
Seizures, blindness, and degeneration of motor and mental performance usually
become manifest a few months after birth, followed by death within a few years.
• Down syndrome -✓✓ANSWER: A condition of mild to severe intellectual
disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of
chromosome 21
• Diabetes Insipidus -✓✓ANSWER: Antidiuretic hormone is not secreted
adequately, or the kidney is resistant to its effect. The *serum sodium is often
elevated* due to excess free water losses.
In diabetes insipidus, your blood glucose levels are normal, but your kidneys can't
properly concentrate urine.
• Cardiac Valve Disease Process -✓✓ANSWER: In heart valve disease, one or more
of the valves in your heart doesn't work properly. Regurgitation (or leakage of the
valve). When the valve(s) do not close completely, it causes blood to flow
,backward through the valve. This reduces forward blood flow and can lead to
volume overload in the heart.
Stenosis (or narrowing of the valve). When the valve(s) opening becomes
narrowed, it limits the flow of blood out of the ventricles or atria. The heart is
forced to pump blood with increased force to move blood through the narrowed
or stiff (stenotic) valve(s).
• Cardiac Valve Complications -✓✓ANSWER: Heart valve disease can cause many
complications, including:
* Heart failure.
* Stroke.
* Blood clots.
* Heart rhythm abnormalities.
* Death.
• Respiratory Illness from bats -✓✓ANSWER: *Viral hemorrhagic fevers* are
spread by contact with infected animals or insects. The viruses that cause viral
hemorrhagic fevers live in a variety of animal and insect hosts.
Most commonly, the hosts include mosquitoes, ticks, rodents, or bats. Some viral
hemorrhagic fevers can also be spread from person to person.
• Anemia -✓✓ANSWER: Different types of anemia include:
Anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency
Anemia due to folate (folic acid) deficiency
Anemia due to iron deficiency
, Anemia of chronic disease
Hemolytic anemia
Idiopathic aplastic anemia
Megaloblastic anemia
Pernicious anemia
Sickle cell anemia
Thalassemia
• Acid Base Balance - lung and kidney compensation -✓✓ANSWER: The kidneys
have two main ways to maintain acid-base balance - their cells reabsorb
bicarbonate HCO3− from the urine back to the blood and they secrete hydrogen
H+ ions into the urine.
By adjusting the amounts reabsorbed and secreted, they balance the
bloodstream's pH.
• Pyelonephritis -✓✓ANSWER: Inflammation of the renal pelvis and the kidney
• Prostate cancer -✓✓ANSWER: Cancer of the prostate gland usually occurs in
men middle-aged and older.
• Artery response during blood loss.
Does cell shrink or swell ? -✓✓ANSWER: *Vasoconstriction*
ACTUAL | EXAM QUESTIONS AND A+ VERIFIED ANSWERS
• Turner syndrome -✓✓ANSWER: A chromosomal disorder in females in which
either an *X chromosome* is missing, making the person XO instead of XX, or part
of one X chromosome is deleted.
• Tay-Sachs Disease -✓✓ANSWER: A human genetic disease caused by a recessive
allele for a dysfunctional enzyme leads to the accumulation of certain lipids in the
brain.
Seizures, blindness, and degeneration of motor and mental performance usually
become manifest a few months after birth, followed by death within a few years.
• Down syndrome -✓✓ANSWER: A condition of mild to severe intellectual
disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of
chromosome 21
• Diabetes Insipidus -✓✓ANSWER: Antidiuretic hormone is not secreted
adequately, or the kidney is resistant to its effect. The *serum sodium is often
elevated* due to excess free water losses.
In diabetes insipidus, your blood glucose levels are normal, but your kidneys can't
properly concentrate urine.
• Cardiac Valve Disease Process -✓✓ANSWER: In heart valve disease, one or more
of the valves in your heart doesn't work properly. Regurgitation (or leakage of the
valve). When the valve(s) do not close completely, it causes blood to flow
,backward through the valve. This reduces forward blood flow and can lead to
volume overload in the heart.
Stenosis (or narrowing of the valve). When the valve(s) opening becomes
narrowed, it limits the flow of blood out of the ventricles or atria. The heart is
forced to pump blood with increased force to move blood through the narrowed
or stiff (stenotic) valve(s).
• Cardiac Valve Complications -✓✓ANSWER: Heart valve disease can cause many
complications, including:
* Heart failure.
* Stroke.
* Blood clots.
* Heart rhythm abnormalities.
* Death.
• Respiratory Illness from bats -✓✓ANSWER: *Viral hemorrhagic fevers* are
spread by contact with infected animals or insects. The viruses that cause viral
hemorrhagic fevers live in a variety of animal and insect hosts.
Most commonly, the hosts include mosquitoes, ticks, rodents, or bats. Some viral
hemorrhagic fevers can also be spread from person to person.
• Anemia -✓✓ANSWER: Different types of anemia include:
Anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency
Anemia due to folate (folic acid) deficiency
Anemia due to iron deficiency
, Anemia of chronic disease
Hemolytic anemia
Idiopathic aplastic anemia
Megaloblastic anemia
Pernicious anemia
Sickle cell anemia
Thalassemia
• Acid Base Balance - lung and kidney compensation -✓✓ANSWER: The kidneys
have two main ways to maintain acid-base balance - their cells reabsorb
bicarbonate HCO3− from the urine back to the blood and they secrete hydrogen
H+ ions into the urine.
By adjusting the amounts reabsorbed and secreted, they balance the
bloodstream's pH.
• Pyelonephritis -✓✓ANSWER: Inflammation of the renal pelvis and the kidney
• Prostate cancer -✓✓ANSWER: Cancer of the prostate gland usually occurs in
men middle-aged and older.
• Artery response during blood loss.
Does cell shrink or swell ? -✓✓ANSWER: *Vasoconstriction*
