BIO 235 Midterm 1 Exam 2026/2027 |
Comprehensive Questions & Answers
Study Guide
metabolism - correct answer-sum of al chemical processes
catabolism - correct answer-that break down molecules, releasing energy.
anabolism - correct answer-the process of building up larger molecules from
smaller ones.
3 things that effect growth in the body size - correct answer-1. increase in the size
of existing cells
2.increase in the number of cells
3.increase in the size of material between the cells
differentiation - correct answer-unspecialized cells becomes specialized
reproduction is the formation of new cells for? (2) - correct answer-1. tissue
growth, repair or replacement
,2. production of a new individual
fluid within the cells - correct answer-intracellular fluid
fluid outside the cells - correct answer-extracellular fluid
ECF that fills narrow space between cells of tissues - correct answer-interstitial
fluid
what is the monitored variable called in a feedback loop - correct answer-
controlled condition
what is the stimulus - correct answer-any disruption that changes a controlled
condition
what's the receptor - correct answer-body structure monitoring the changes of a
controlled condition and sends inputs
what is an afferent pathway-input - correct answer-flows towards the control
center (nerve impulse or chemical signal)
what is the control center - correct answer-sets the range of values within which
a controlled condition should be maintained; evaluates the input it receives from
receptors and generates output commands when they are needed
efferent pathway - correct answer-flow away from control center to effector
,effector - correct answer-body structure receiving output and brings about
change and produces a response that alters the controlled condition
negative feedback system - correct answer-reverses a change in a controlled
condition
positive feedback loop - correct answer-strengthens or reinforces a change in the
controlled condition until its interrupted-effector produces a response that
reinforces the initial change-child birth
disorder - correct answer-abnormality of a structure or function
disease - correct answer-illness characterized by a recognizable set of signs and
symptoms
symptom - correct answer-subjective changes not visible to the observer
sign - correct answer-objective changes visible to the observer (doctor)
prone - correct answer-body is lying face down
supine - correct answer-body is lying face up
ipsilateral - correct answer-same side
, contralateral - correct answer-different sides
superficial - correct answer-towards the surface of the skin
deep - correct answer-away from surface of the skin
sagittal plane - correct answer-divides the body into left and right
Midsagittal (median) plane - correct answer-divides into equal left and right sides
parasagittal plane - correct answer-unequal sides left and right
fronta (coronal plane) - correct answer-divides front and back (anterior/posterior)
transverse plane - correct answer-superior and inferior top and bottom
(horizontal plane cross-sectional)
oblique plane - correct answer-anything but 90 degrees
cranial cavity - correct answer-contains head
Vertebral (spine) cavity - correct answer-contains spinal cord and vertebral
column-continuous of the cranial cavity
Comprehensive Questions & Answers
Study Guide
metabolism - correct answer-sum of al chemical processes
catabolism - correct answer-that break down molecules, releasing energy.
anabolism - correct answer-the process of building up larger molecules from
smaller ones.
3 things that effect growth in the body size - correct answer-1. increase in the size
of existing cells
2.increase in the number of cells
3.increase in the size of material between the cells
differentiation - correct answer-unspecialized cells becomes specialized
reproduction is the formation of new cells for? (2) - correct answer-1. tissue
growth, repair or replacement
,2. production of a new individual
fluid within the cells - correct answer-intracellular fluid
fluid outside the cells - correct answer-extracellular fluid
ECF that fills narrow space between cells of tissues - correct answer-interstitial
fluid
what is the monitored variable called in a feedback loop - correct answer-
controlled condition
what is the stimulus - correct answer-any disruption that changes a controlled
condition
what's the receptor - correct answer-body structure monitoring the changes of a
controlled condition and sends inputs
what is an afferent pathway-input - correct answer-flows towards the control
center (nerve impulse or chemical signal)
what is the control center - correct answer-sets the range of values within which
a controlled condition should be maintained; evaluates the input it receives from
receptors and generates output commands when they are needed
efferent pathway - correct answer-flow away from control center to effector
,effector - correct answer-body structure receiving output and brings about
change and produces a response that alters the controlled condition
negative feedback system - correct answer-reverses a change in a controlled
condition
positive feedback loop - correct answer-strengthens or reinforces a change in the
controlled condition until its interrupted-effector produces a response that
reinforces the initial change-child birth
disorder - correct answer-abnormality of a structure or function
disease - correct answer-illness characterized by a recognizable set of signs and
symptoms
symptom - correct answer-subjective changes not visible to the observer
sign - correct answer-objective changes visible to the observer (doctor)
prone - correct answer-body is lying face down
supine - correct answer-body is lying face up
ipsilateral - correct answer-same side
, contralateral - correct answer-different sides
superficial - correct answer-towards the surface of the skin
deep - correct answer-away from surface of the skin
sagittal plane - correct answer-divides the body into left and right
Midsagittal (median) plane - correct answer-divides into equal left and right sides
parasagittal plane - correct answer-unequal sides left and right
fronta (coronal plane) - correct answer-divides front and back (anterior/posterior)
transverse plane - correct answer-superior and inferior top and bottom
(horizontal plane cross-sectional)
oblique plane - correct answer-anything but 90 degrees
cranial cavity - correct answer-contains head
Vertebral (spine) cavity - correct answer-contains spinal cord and vertebral
column-continuous of the cranial cavity
