PEDIATRIC NURSING EXAM 2 (NUR 230):
COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF
GASTROINTESTINAL, GENITOURINARY,
RESPIRATORY, CARDIAC, AND
DEVELOPMENTAL CONCEPTS IN PEDIATRIC
CARE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES
2026 Q&A | INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
Core Domains
Pediatric Gastrointestinal Disorders
Pediatric Genitourinary and Renal Disorders
Pediatric Respiratory Disorders
Pediatric Cardiac Disorders
Growth and Development
Pediatric Medication Administration
Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Family-Centered Care and Ethics
Pediatric Emergency Management
Introduction
This comprehensive examination assesses the candidate's
knowledge and clinical judgment in pediatric nursing across
gastrointestinal, genitourinary, respiratory, cardiac, and
developmental domains. It evaluates foundational theory, applied
professional practice, regulatory compliance, ethical standards,
and real-world decision-making. The multiple-choice and
scenario-based format emphasizes safe, evidence-based pediatric
care, family-centered communication, and prioritization of the
deteriorating child. Candidates must demonstrate critical thinking,
,accurate assessment, and appropriate nursing interventions for
infants, children, and adolescents.
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–100
1. A nurse is caring for an infant after cleft lip repair.
Which intervention is most appropriate?
A. Place the infant prone immediately after feeding
B. Suction the mouth frequently with a rigid catheter
C. Avoid placing objects in the mouth and use elbow restraints as
ordered
D. Feed with a regular bottle nipple
C. Avoid placing objects in the mouth and use elbow restraints
as ordered
RATIONALE: After cleft lip repair, the surgical site must be
protected from trauma. Elbow restraints and avoiding oral objects
help prevent tension on the suture line.
2. Which finding is classic for an infant with pyloric
stenosis?
A. Projectile nonbilious vomiting
B. Bilious vomiting
C. Bloody diarrhea
D. Scaphoid abdomen
A. Projectile nonbilious vomiting
RATIONALE: Pyloric stenosis causes progressive projectile
vomiting that is nonbilious because the obstruction is proximal to
the bile duct.
3. A toddler with intussusception is most likely to present
with which stool characteristic?
,A. Clay-colored stool
B. Projectile vomiting
C. Board-like abdomen
D. Currant jelly stools
D. Currant jelly stools
RATIONALE: Intussusception can cause ischemia and
bleeding, leading to the classic currant jelly stool, along with
intermittent abdominal pain and a sausage-shaped mass.
4. Which nursing action is priority for a child with
Hirschsprung disease?
A. Administer iron supplements
B. Monitor for enterocolitis and teach ostomy care if needed
C. Encourage a high-fiber diet immediately
D. Give antidiarrheal medication
B. Monitor for enterocolitis and teach ostomy care if needed
RATIONALE: Hirschsprung disease can be complicated by
enterocolitis, a life-threatening condition. Postoperative care may
include ostomy teaching and close monitoring for infection.
5. A nurse is teaching the parents of an infant with
gastroesophageal reflux. Which instruction is correct?
A. Keep the infant upright after feedings
B. Place the infant supine immediately after feeding
C. Thicken feedings with honey
D. Feed large volumes quickly
A. Keep the infant upright after feedings
RATIONALE: Upright positioning after feedings helps reduce
reflux. Honey is unsafe for infants under 12 months because of
botulism risk.
, 6. A child newly diagnosed with celiac disease should
follow which dietary plan?
A. High-gluten diet
B. Lactose-rich diet
C. Low-protein diet
D. Strict lifelong gluten-free diet
D. Strict lifelong gluten-free diet
RATIONALE: Celiac disease is an autoimmune reaction to
gluten. The only effective treatment is strict lifelong avoidance of
wheat, barley, rye, and related gluten-containing grains.
7. A child is admitted with suspected appendicitis. Which
nursing intervention is most appropriate?
A. Apply a warm compress to the abdomen
B. Give a laxative to relieve constipation
C. Maintain NPO status and avoid heat or enemas
D. Encourage ambulation to reduce pain
C. Maintain NPO status and avoid heat or enemas
RATIONALE: In suspected appendicitis, heat and enemas can
increase the risk of rupture. The child should remain NPO in case
surgery is needed.
8. Which assessment finding indicates dehydration in an
infant?
A. Moist mucous membranes
B. Sunken fontanel
C. Bradycardia
D. Hypertension
B. Sunken fontanel
COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF
GASTROINTESTINAL, GENITOURINARY,
RESPIRATORY, CARDIAC, AND
DEVELOPMENTAL CONCEPTS IN PEDIATRIC
CARE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES
2026 Q&A | INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
Core Domains
Pediatric Gastrointestinal Disorders
Pediatric Genitourinary and Renal Disorders
Pediatric Respiratory Disorders
Pediatric Cardiac Disorders
Growth and Development
Pediatric Medication Administration
Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Family-Centered Care and Ethics
Pediatric Emergency Management
Introduction
This comprehensive examination assesses the candidate's
knowledge and clinical judgment in pediatric nursing across
gastrointestinal, genitourinary, respiratory, cardiac, and
developmental domains. It evaluates foundational theory, applied
professional practice, regulatory compliance, ethical standards,
and real-world decision-making. The multiple-choice and
scenario-based format emphasizes safe, evidence-based pediatric
care, family-centered communication, and prioritization of the
deteriorating child. Candidates must demonstrate critical thinking,
,accurate assessment, and appropriate nursing interventions for
infants, children, and adolescents.
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–100
1. A nurse is caring for an infant after cleft lip repair.
Which intervention is most appropriate?
A. Place the infant prone immediately after feeding
B. Suction the mouth frequently with a rigid catheter
C. Avoid placing objects in the mouth and use elbow restraints as
ordered
D. Feed with a regular bottle nipple
C. Avoid placing objects in the mouth and use elbow restraints
as ordered
RATIONALE: After cleft lip repair, the surgical site must be
protected from trauma. Elbow restraints and avoiding oral objects
help prevent tension on the suture line.
2. Which finding is classic for an infant with pyloric
stenosis?
A. Projectile nonbilious vomiting
B. Bilious vomiting
C. Bloody diarrhea
D. Scaphoid abdomen
A. Projectile nonbilious vomiting
RATIONALE: Pyloric stenosis causes progressive projectile
vomiting that is nonbilious because the obstruction is proximal to
the bile duct.
3. A toddler with intussusception is most likely to present
with which stool characteristic?
,A. Clay-colored stool
B. Projectile vomiting
C. Board-like abdomen
D. Currant jelly stools
D. Currant jelly stools
RATIONALE: Intussusception can cause ischemia and
bleeding, leading to the classic currant jelly stool, along with
intermittent abdominal pain and a sausage-shaped mass.
4. Which nursing action is priority for a child with
Hirschsprung disease?
A. Administer iron supplements
B. Monitor for enterocolitis and teach ostomy care if needed
C. Encourage a high-fiber diet immediately
D. Give antidiarrheal medication
B. Monitor for enterocolitis and teach ostomy care if needed
RATIONALE: Hirschsprung disease can be complicated by
enterocolitis, a life-threatening condition. Postoperative care may
include ostomy teaching and close monitoring for infection.
5. A nurse is teaching the parents of an infant with
gastroesophageal reflux. Which instruction is correct?
A. Keep the infant upright after feedings
B. Place the infant supine immediately after feeding
C. Thicken feedings with honey
D. Feed large volumes quickly
A. Keep the infant upright after feedings
RATIONALE: Upright positioning after feedings helps reduce
reflux. Honey is unsafe for infants under 12 months because of
botulism risk.
, 6. A child newly diagnosed with celiac disease should
follow which dietary plan?
A. High-gluten diet
B. Lactose-rich diet
C. Low-protein diet
D. Strict lifelong gluten-free diet
D. Strict lifelong gluten-free diet
RATIONALE: Celiac disease is an autoimmune reaction to
gluten. The only effective treatment is strict lifelong avoidance of
wheat, barley, rye, and related gluten-containing grains.
7. A child is admitted with suspected appendicitis. Which
nursing intervention is most appropriate?
A. Apply a warm compress to the abdomen
B. Give a laxative to relieve constipation
C. Maintain NPO status and avoid heat or enemas
D. Encourage ambulation to reduce pain
C. Maintain NPO status and avoid heat or enemas
RATIONALE: In suspected appendicitis, heat and enemas can
increase the risk of rupture. The child should remain NPO in case
surgery is needed.
8. Which assessment finding indicates dehydration in an
infant?
A. Moist mucous membranes
B. Sunken fontanel
C. Bradycardia
D. Hypertension
B. Sunken fontanel
