PHARMACOLOGY CLEAR AND SIMPLE
WATKINS KEY CONCEPTS AND PRACTICE
QUESTIONS
◉ pharmacology.
Answer: exploration of substances that are used to heal and comfort
sick and help us live longer and healthier lives
◉ absorption.
Answer: how medication enters bloodstream, process by which a
substances moves into the bloodstream from site where it was
administered
◉ metabolism.
Answer: aka miotransformation; how our body breaks down the
medication into usable components and waste products
◉ medication given by mouth takes ____.
Answer: much longer to enter bloodstream and to reach site where
neeeded than does medication given directly into circulatory system
◉ medication breakdown cycle, length of time.
,Answer: 15 minutes to days
◉ a medication taken orally must be transferred through the ______.
Answer: stomach or intestinal mucosa into the circulating blood
◉ how quickly a medication is absorbed depends on :.
Answer: how it is administered and whether it's topical or systemic
◉ drug can be administered in 3 ways?.
Answer: 1. enterally, directly into GI system orally, rectally or
through a tube entering this system
2. percutaneously, by intramuscular, intravenous, subcutaneous, or
intradermal inection
3. percutaneously, by inhalation, sublingually, topically, or
transdermally
◉ 4 phases of drug cycle:.
Answer: 1. absorption via gastrointestinal mucosa
2. distribution via circulatory system
3. metabolism via liver
4. excretion via kidneys
, ◉ liquid medicine acts _____ than pills.
Answer: faster
◉ fastest way to the blood supply for a drug:.
Answer: intravenous injection, drug is injected directly into a vein
◉ be careful when administering intravenous medication because:.
Answer: they could be absorbed too rapidly, like morphine causing
patient to become severely hypotensive and stop breathing
◉ other factors that can vary absorption rate:.
Answer: fat and lipid solubility (ability to dissolve), medication's pH,
med concentration, length of contact, patient's age, amount of food
in stomach, depth of breathing
◉ fat or lipid solubility: factor.
Answer: the more soluble a medication is in fat or lipids, the more
easily it is absorbed through stomach into intestines
◉ pH: factor.
Answer: low pH (acidic) meds are easily absorbed into stomach;
high pH (alkalotic) are less likely to be absorbed effectively
WATKINS KEY CONCEPTS AND PRACTICE
QUESTIONS
◉ pharmacology.
Answer: exploration of substances that are used to heal and comfort
sick and help us live longer and healthier lives
◉ absorption.
Answer: how medication enters bloodstream, process by which a
substances moves into the bloodstream from site where it was
administered
◉ metabolism.
Answer: aka miotransformation; how our body breaks down the
medication into usable components and waste products
◉ medication given by mouth takes ____.
Answer: much longer to enter bloodstream and to reach site where
neeeded than does medication given directly into circulatory system
◉ medication breakdown cycle, length of time.
,Answer: 15 minutes to days
◉ a medication taken orally must be transferred through the ______.
Answer: stomach or intestinal mucosa into the circulating blood
◉ how quickly a medication is absorbed depends on :.
Answer: how it is administered and whether it's topical or systemic
◉ drug can be administered in 3 ways?.
Answer: 1. enterally, directly into GI system orally, rectally or
through a tube entering this system
2. percutaneously, by intramuscular, intravenous, subcutaneous, or
intradermal inection
3. percutaneously, by inhalation, sublingually, topically, or
transdermally
◉ 4 phases of drug cycle:.
Answer: 1. absorption via gastrointestinal mucosa
2. distribution via circulatory system
3. metabolism via liver
4. excretion via kidneys
, ◉ liquid medicine acts _____ than pills.
Answer: faster
◉ fastest way to the blood supply for a drug:.
Answer: intravenous injection, drug is injected directly into a vein
◉ be careful when administering intravenous medication because:.
Answer: they could be absorbed too rapidly, like morphine causing
patient to become severely hypotensive and stop breathing
◉ other factors that can vary absorption rate:.
Answer: fat and lipid solubility (ability to dissolve), medication's pH,
med concentration, length of contact, patient's age, amount of food
in stomach, depth of breathing
◉ fat or lipid solubility: factor.
Answer: the more soluble a medication is in fat or lipids, the more
easily it is absorbed through stomach into intestines
◉ pH: factor.
Answer: low pH (acidic) meds are easily absorbed into stomach;
high pH (alkalotic) are less likely to be absorbed effectively
