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Contents
.............................................................................
Before You Begin.................................................................... xi
How This Book Is Organized ....................................................... xi
How to Get the Most Out of Your Review.................................. xi
Special Study Features ................................................................ xi
About the CD ...............................................................................xii
You’re Well on Your Way to Success .........................................xii
Give Us Your Feedback ...............................................................xii
Top 10 Strategies to Raise Your Score .................................... xiii
PART I: NCLEX-PN BASICS
1 All About the NCLEX-PN Exam ...................................... 3
About Practical Nursing ............................................................... 3
Scheduling Your NCLEX-PN Exam Appointment ..................... 4
NCLEX-PN Exam Basics .............................................................. 4
How the Screen Looks ................................................................... 5
Test Plan......................................................................................... 6
Five Exam Tips .............................................................................. 7
Eight Common Questions ............................................................. 7
Summing It Up .............................................................................. 9
2 Basic Nursing Concepts ............................................... 11
Nursing Process ........................................................................... 11
Charting ........................................................................................ 12
Role of the PN/VN ....................................................................... 13
Legal Principles of PN Practice.................................................. 14
Illegal Behavior ............................................................................ 15
Risk Management ........................................................................ 15
Ethical Principles......................................................................... 16
Professional Organizations ......................................................... 16
Pain Management........................................................................ 17
Nutrition ....................................................................................... 17
Nutritional Assessment ............................................................... 19
Therapeutic Diets ........................................................................ 19
Infection Control .......................................................................... 21
Exercises: Basic Nursing Concepts ............................................ 23
Answer Key and Explanations ................................................... 27
Summing It Up ............................................................................ 30
3 Nursing Procedures ..................................................... 31
Vital Signs .................................................................................... 31
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vi Contents
.................................................................
Hygiene ......................................................................................... 32
Mobility ......................................................................................... 32
..........................................................................................
Feeding the Patient ..................................................................... 33
Elimination—Bowel ..................................................................... 34
Elimination—Urinary ................................................................. 35
Hot and Cold Therapy ................................................................. 36
Wound Care .................................................................................. 36
Asepsis .......................................................................................... 37
Collecting Specimens ................................................................... 37
Care of the Dying......................................................................... 38
Exercises: Nursing Procedures ................................................... 40
Answer Key and Explanations ................................................... 42
Summing It Up ............................................................................ 44
PART II: NCLEX-PN REVIEW
4 Pharmacology .............................................................. 47
Basic Concepts ............................................................................. 47
Drug Legislation .......................................................................... 47
Drug Names ................................................................................. 48
Drug Actions ................................................................................. 48
Drug Metabolism (Pharmacokinetics) ....................................... 48
Drug Forms .................................................................................. 49
Nursing Responsibilities in Medication Administration .......... 50
Drug Interactions......................................................................... 51
Legal Aspects of Drug Administration ...................................... 51
Routes of Medication Administration ........................................ 51
Calculation of Medication Dosages ............................................ 53
Drugs that Require Specific Nursing Actions or
Considerations.............................................................................. 54
Exercises: Pharmacology ............................................................. 55
Answer Key and Explanations ................................................... 57
Summing It Up ............................................................................ 58
5 Maternal Newborn Nursing ......................................... 59
Basic Concepts ............................................................................. 59
Anatomy ........................................................................................ 59
Physiology ..................................................................................... 61
Childbearing ................................................................................. 61
Maternal Changes During Pregnancy ....................................... 63
Signs of Pregnancy ...................................................................... 64
Antepartum Care ......................................................................... 65
Labor and Delivery ...................................................................... 69
Postpartum ................................................................................... 75
Newborn ........................................................................................ 79
Exercises: Maternal Newborn Nursing ..................................... 83
Answer Key and Explanations ................................................... 87
Summing It Up ............................................................................ 90
Drone IT
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Contents vii
.................................................................
..........................................................................................
6 Pediatric Nursing ......................................................... 91
Basic Concepts ............................................................................. 91
Nursing Care of Sick Children ................................................... 91
Child Development ...................................................................... 93
Development of the Toddler ........................................................ 95
Pre-School-Aged Child Development (3–6 years) ..................... 96
School-Aged Child Development (6–12 years) .......................... 97
Adolescent Development (12–20 years) ..................................... 98
Respiratory Disorders.................................................................. 98
Gastrointestinal Disorders ........................................................ 101
Genitourinary Disorders ........................................................... 103
Endocrine Disorders .................................................................. 105
Cardiovascular Disorders .......................................................... 106
Hematopoietic Disorders ........................................................... 107
Neurological Disorders .............................................................. 109
Musculoskeletal Disorders ........................................................ 111
Cognitive and Sensory Disorders ............................................. 114
Skin Disorders............................................................................ 114
Growth and Development Disorders........................................ 115
Exercises: Pediatric Nursing .................................................... 116
Answer Key and Explanations ................................................. 120
Summing It Up .......................................................................... 122
7 Psychiatric Nursing.................................................... 123
Basic Concepts ........................................................................... 123
Personality and Self Concept.................................................... 125
Anxiety ........................................................................................ 126
Anxiety Disorders ...................................................................... 127
Assessment and Treatment ...................................................... 128
Destructive Coping: Disorders of Abuse and Dependence . 130
Affective Disorders..................................................................... 132
Thought Disturbances ............................................................... 132
Pharmacological Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders ............ 133
Exercises: Psychiatric Nursing ................................................. 134
Answer Key and Explanations ................................................. 137
Summing It Up .......................................................................... 139
8 The Neurologic System .............................................. 141
Basic Concepts ........................................................................... 141
Central Nervous System ........................................................... 141
Peripheral Nervous System ...................................................... 143
Neurons....................................................................................... 143
Neurological Assessment ........................................................... 144
Neurological System Disorders ................................................ 145
Exercises: The Neurologic System ........................................... 154
Answer Key and Explanations ................................................. 157
Summing It Up .......................................................................... 159
Drone IT
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viii Contents
.................................................................
..........................................................................................
9 The Sensory System .................................................. 161
Basic Concepts ...........................................................................161
The Eye .......................................................................................162
Eye Disorders .............................................................................162
The Ear .......................................................................................165
Ear Disorders .............................................................................166
Exercises: The Sensory System ................................................168
Answer Key and Explanations .................................................170
Summing It Up ..........................................................................171
10 The Endocrine System .................................................... 173
Basic Concepts ...........................................................................173
Endocrine Glands ......................................................................173
Endocrine Disorders ..................................................................174
Pancreas......................................................................................177
Exercises: The Endocrine System ............................................180
Answer Key and Explanations .................................................183
Summing It Up ..........................................................................185
11 The Gastrointestinal System .......................................... 187
Basic Concepts ...........................................................................187
Digestive System .......................................................................187
Patient Assessment of the GI System .....................................191
Gastrointestinal System Disorders ..........................................192
Liver ............................................................................................201
Gallbladder .................................................................................202
Pancreas......................................................................................203
Exercises: The Gastrointestinal System..................................205
Answer Key and Explanations .................................................208
Summing It Up ..........................................................................210
12 The Urinary and Renal Systems ................................ 211
Basic Concepts ...........................................................................211
Anatomy and Physiology...........................................................211
Urinary and Renal Assessment ................................................212
Urinary and Renal Disorders ...................................................213
Exercises: The Urinary and Renal Systems ...........................218
Answer Key and Explanations .................................................220
Summing It Up ..........................................................................221
13 The Hematologic and Immune Systems .................... 223
Basic Concepts ...........................................................................223
Physiology of the Blood .............................................................223
Physiology of the Immune System...........................................225
Hematological System Disorders .............................................226
Immune System Disorders .......................................................228
Exercises: The Hemotologic and Immune Systems ................230
Answer Key and Explanations .................................................232
Summing It Up ..........................................................................233
Drone IT
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Contents
.............................................................................
Before You Begin.................................................................... xi
How This Book Is Organized ....................................................... xi
How to Get the Most Out of Your Review.................................. xi
Special Study Features ................................................................ xi
About the CD ...............................................................................xii
You’re Well on Your Way to Success .........................................xii
Give Us Your Feedback ...............................................................xii
Top 10 Strategies to Raise Your Score .................................... xiii
PART I: NCLEX-PN BASICS
1 All About the NCLEX-PN Exam ...................................... 3
About Practical Nursing ............................................................... 3
Scheduling Your NCLEX-PN Exam Appointment ..................... 4
NCLEX-PN Exam Basics .............................................................. 4
How the Screen Looks ................................................................... 5
Test Plan......................................................................................... 6
Five Exam Tips .............................................................................. 7
Eight Common Questions ............................................................. 7
Summing It Up .............................................................................. 9
2 Basic Nursing Concepts ............................................... 11
Nursing Process ........................................................................... 11
Charting ........................................................................................ 12
Role of the PN/VN ....................................................................... 13
Legal Principles of PN Practice.................................................. 14
Illegal Behavior ............................................................................ 15
Risk Management ........................................................................ 15
Ethical Principles......................................................................... 16
Professional Organizations ......................................................... 16
Pain Management........................................................................ 17
Nutrition ....................................................................................... 17
Nutritional Assessment ............................................................... 19
Therapeutic Diets ........................................................................ 19
Infection Control .......................................................................... 21
Exercises: Basic Nursing Concepts ............................................ 23
Answer Key and Explanations ................................................... 27
Summing It Up ............................................................................ 30
3 Nursing Procedures ..................................................... 31
Vital Signs .................................................................................... 31
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vi Contents
.................................................................
Hygiene ......................................................................................... 32
Mobility ......................................................................................... 32
..........................................................................................
Feeding the Patient ..................................................................... 33
Elimination—Bowel ..................................................................... 34
Elimination—Urinary ................................................................. 35
Hot and Cold Therapy ................................................................. 36
Wound Care .................................................................................. 36
Asepsis .......................................................................................... 37
Collecting Specimens ................................................................... 37
Care of the Dying......................................................................... 38
Exercises: Nursing Procedures ................................................... 40
Answer Key and Explanations ................................................... 42
Summing It Up ............................................................................ 44
PART II: NCLEX-PN REVIEW
4 Pharmacology .............................................................. 47
Basic Concepts ............................................................................. 47
Drug Legislation .......................................................................... 47
Drug Names ................................................................................. 48
Drug Actions ................................................................................. 48
Drug Metabolism (Pharmacokinetics) ....................................... 48
Drug Forms .................................................................................. 49
Nursing Responsibilities in Medication Administration .......... 50
Drug Interactions......................................................................... 51
Legal Aspects of Drug Administration ...................................... 51
Routes of Medication Administration ........................................ 51
Calculation of Medication Dosages ............................................ 53
Drugs that Require Specific Nursing Actions or
Considerations.............................................................................. 54
Exercises: Pharmacology ............................................................. 55
Answer Key and Explanations ................................................... 57
Summing It Up ............................................................................ 58
5 Maternal Newborn Nursing ......................................... 59
Basic Concepts ............................................................................. 59
Anatomy ........................................................................................ 59
Physiology ..................................................................................... 61
Childbearing ................................................................................. 61
Maternal Changes During Pregnancy ....................................... 63
Signs of Pregnancy ...................................................................... 64
Antepartum Care ......................................................................... 65
Labor and Delivery ...................................................................... 69
Postpartum ................................................................................... 75
Newborn ........................................................................................ 79
Exercises: Maternal Newborn Nursing ..................................... 83
Answer Key and Explanations ................................................... 87
Summing It Up ............................................................................ 90
Drone IT
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Contents vii
.................................................................
..........................................................................................
6 Pediatric Nursing ......................................................... 91
Basic Concepts ............................................................................. 91
Nursing Care of Sick Children ................................................... 91
Child Development ...................................................................... 93
Development of the Toddler ........................................................ 95
Pre-School-Aged Child Development (3–6 years) ..................... 96
School-Aged Child Development (6–12 years) .......................... 97
Adolescent Development (12–20 years) ..................................... 98
Respiratory Disorders.................................................................. 98
Gastrointestinal Disorders ........................................................ 101
Genitourinary Disorders ........................................................... 103
Endocrine Disorders .................................................................. 105
Cardiovascular Disorders .......................................................... 106
Hematopoietic Disorders ........................................................... 107
Neurological Disorders .............................................................. 109
Musculoskeletal Disorders ........................................................ 111
Cognitive and Sensory Disorders ............................................. 114
Skin Disorders............................................................................ 114
Growth and Development Disorders........................................ 115
Exercises: Pediatric Nursing .................................................... 116
Answer Key and Explanations ................................................. 120
Summing It Up .......................................................................... 122
7 Psychiatric Nursing.................................................... 123
Basic Concepts ........................................................................... 123
Personality and Self Concept.................................................... 125
Anxiety ........................................................................................ 126
Anxiety Disorders ...................................................................... 127
Assessment and Treatment ...................................................... 128
Destructive Coping: Disorders of Abuse and Dependence . 130
Affective Disorders..................................................................... 132
Thought Disturbances ............................................................... 132
Pharmacological Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders ............ 133
Exercises: Psychiatric Nursing ................................................. 134
Answer Key and Explanations ................................................. 137
Summing It Up .......................................................................... 139
8 The Neurologic System .............................................. 141
Basic Concepts ........................................................................... 141
Central Nervous System ........................................................... 141
Peripheral Nervous System ...................................................... 143
Neurons....................................................................................... 143
Neurological Assessment ........................................................... 144
Neurological System Disorders ................................................ 145
Exercises: The Neurologic System ........................................... 154
Answer Key and Explanations ................................................. 157
Summing It Up .......................................................................... 159
Drone IT
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viii Contents
.................................................................
..........................................................................................
9 The Sensory System .................................................. 161
Basic Concepts ...........................................................................161
The Eye .......................................................................................162
Eye Disorders .............................................................................162
The Ear .......................................................................................165
Ear Disorders .............................................................................166
Exercises: The Sensory System ................................................168
Answer Key and Explanations .................................................170
Summing It Up ..........................................................................171
10 The Endocrine System .................................................... 173
Basic Concepts ...........................................................................173
Endocrine Glands ......................................................................173
Endocrine Disorders ..................................................................174
Pancreas......................................................................................177
Exercises: The Endocrine System ............................................180
Answer Key and Explanations .................................................183
Summing It Up ..........................................................................185
11 The Gastrointestinal System .......................................... 187
Basic Concepts ...........................................................................187
Digestive System .......................................................................187
Patient Assessment of the GI System .....................................191
Gastrointestinal System Disorders ..........................................192
Liver ............................................................................................201
Gallbladder .................................................................................202
Pancreas......................................................................................203
Exercises: The Gastrointestinal System..................................205
Answer Key and Explanations .................................................208
Summing It Up ..........................................................................210
12 The Urinary and Renal Systems ................................ 211
Basic Concepts ...........................................................................211
Anatomy and Physiology...........................................................211
Urinary and Renal Assessment ................................................212
Urinary and Renal Disorders ...................................................213
Exercises: The Urinary and Renal Systems ...........................218
Answer Key and Explanations .................................................220
Summing It Up ..........................................................................221
13 The Hematologic and Immune Systems .................... 223
Basic Concepts ...........................................................................223
Physiology of the Blood .............................................................223
Physiology of the Immune System...........................................225
Hematological System Disorders .............................................226
Immune System Disorders .......................................................228
Exercises: The Hemotologic and Immune Systems ................230
Answer Key and Explanations .................................................232
Summing It Up ..........................................................................233
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