Chapter01 History and Evolution of Advanced Practice Nursing
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Chapter02ConceptualizationsofAdvanced PracticeNursing ls ls s l ls 5
Chapter 03 ADefinition of Advanced Practice Nursing
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Chapter04 Role Development ofthe Advanced Practice Nurse
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Chapter05 International Development of Advanced Practice Nursing
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Chapter06 Direct Clinical Practice
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Chapter 07 Guidance and Coaching
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Chapter08 Evidence-Based Practice
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Chapter 09 Leadership
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Chapter 10 Collaboration
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Chapter11 Ethical Practice
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Chapter 12 The Clinical Nurse Specialist
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Chapter 13 The Primary Care Nurse Practitioner
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Chapter 14 The Acute Care Nurse Practitioner
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Chapter15 The Certified Nurse-Midwife
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Chapter 16 The Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist
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Chapter17 Maximizing APRN Power and Influencing Policy
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Chapter18 Marketing Yourself as an APRN Contracting and Negotiation
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Chapter19 Reimbursement and Payment for APRN Services
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Chapter20 Understanding Regulatory, Legal, and Credentialing Requirements
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Chapter21 APRNOutcomes and Performance Improvement Research
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Chapter22 FutureTechnologies Influencing APRN Practice
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Chapter23 Using Healthcare Information Technology to Evaluateand Improve
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Performance and Patient Outcomes
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Chapter 01: History and Evolution of Advanced Practice Nursing
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Tracy & O’Grady: Hamric & Hanson’s AdvancedPractice Nursing, 9th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE sl
1. Which of the following is sl sl sl sl z
the best explanation for the creation of the Doctorate of Nur si
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n g Practice (DNP) degree?
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a. To validateAPRN’s forfinancial reimbursementsl sl sl ls sl
b. To address increasing curriculum requirements of master’s degreeprograms
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c. To compete against master’s degree programs sl sl xp s l gx
d. To ensurestandardized curriculum ensuring independent practice
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ANS: B
Although all answers are influenced bythe DNP core competencies, the DNP program crea t i
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on in 2004 by the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) was de signed to
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a ddress curriculum requirements of master’s degree programs.
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2. Whichofthe following was the firstrecognized area of advanced practice nursing? gx xp sl sl ls sl gx sl xp s l
a. Clinical NurseSpecialist sl sl
b. CertifiedRegistered NurseAnesthetist sl sl ls
c. Family Nurse practitioner sl sl
d. Pediatric Nursepractitioner sl sl
ANS: B
In1931,theNational Association ofNurseAnesthetists (NANA), renamed in 1939 to the A
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merican Association of NurseWA
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stM
s.
(AWA
SNA) sl sl sl zx
was the first recognized group pr sl sl sl sl sl
omoting advanced nursing practice. Agatha Hodgins founded the AANM at Lakeside Ho
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spital in Cleveland, Ohio. sl sl sl
3. Which factor is broadly perceived to solidify and standardize the role of theAPNs over th e l a
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st 25 years? sl sl
a. Societal forces sl
b. Lackof access to health care providers sl sl sl s l sl sl
c. Payment forservices sl ls
d. Standardizedcurriculum development s l
ANS: D
As the evolution of Advanced Practice Nursing advances specific specialties and needs a
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re i dentified. Through the evolution of organization and standardization these roles hav e
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soli dif ied the APN’s role in today’s health care environment.
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4. During theformation of early APN roles in anesthesia,which ofthe following increas e d
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demand for access to health care? sl sl sl sl sl
a. War
b. Poverty
c. Ruralaccess to care s l sl
d. Availabilityoftraining g
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Earliest demand for nursing- s l s l s l
provided anesthesia spiked during periods of war when numbers of physicians were inad eq
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u ate. The earliest records date back to the American Civil War with th
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e a dministratio n o f chl oroform. During World War Iin 1917 more than 1000 nurses,so
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me trained anesthe tis ts, trav eled into battle. Other factors such as needfor rural health care c
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ame later in the v a lidation a nd need for APNs.
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5. In 1889, Dr. William Worrall Mayo built and opened St. Mary’s hospital in Rochester, N
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Y. He is known forsomeof the earliest recruitment and specialized training of nurses in w hi ch
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of the following roles?
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a. Obstetrics
b. Anesthesia
c. Family nursing sl
d. Pediatrics
e. Research and statistics gx gx
ANS: B
In 1889, Dr. William Worrall Mayo began formally training and recognizing nurse anest he
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ti sts. This has been regarded as the earliest training in nurse-
provided anesthesia.
6. In1893,Lillian Wald established theHenry Street Settlement (HSS)Houseforwhic h p
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rimary purpose? sl
a. Access to health careof rural areas sl sl sl sl sl sl
b. Providethedisadvantaged access to care ls ls sl sl sl
c. Establish guidelines foradvanced nursing roles sl sl sl sl s l
d. Createinner-citynursing awareness ls sl s l
ANS: B WWW.TBSM.WS
The HHS was established to provide nursing services to immigrants and low-
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income patients and theirfamilies in Manhattan. As resistance to nurse- sl sl sl sl sl sl sl sl sl
provided caregrew, standing orders were drafted from a group of Lower East Side physic ia
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n s thereby circumventing
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then-existing legal ramifications. sl sl
7. TheFrontierNursing Service(FNS)founded in Kentucky in1925byMary Breckenrid g e
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initially provided Appalachia with which type of advanced nursing care?
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a. Surgical services sl
b. Pediatric care sl
c. Anesthesia
d. Midwifery
ANS: D
The original FNS provided midwifery in addition to other nursing services to Appalachian r e s
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idents. Later working from standard orders developed from their medical advisory com mit
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t ee nurses treated patients, made diagnoses, and dispensed medications.
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8. Which organization founded in 1941underMary Breckenridge’s leadership merged wit h
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the American College of Nurse-Midwives (ACNM) in 1969
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a. Association forNational Nurse-Midwifery (ANNM) sl sl sl
b. American Association of Nurse-Midwives (AANM) sl sl sl sl
c. American Nurses Association (ANA) sl sl xp
d. CouncilofNursingMidwifery (ANM) sl sl sl sl
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