Biology 1407 final Exam Questions and Answers

Biology 1407 final Exam Questions and Answers

Question 1.
The host range of a virus is determined by
Correct Answer: A) the proteins on its surface and that of the host.


Question 2.
How was early Earth from more than three billion years ago different from today's Earth?
UnlikeEarth today, early Earth ________.
Correct Answer: had an atmosphere rich in gases released from volcanic
eruptions


Question 3.
When the digestion and absorption of organic carbohydrates results in more
energy-richmolecules than are immediately required by an animal, the excess is
Correct Answer: D) stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles.


Question 4.
A mutation results in a defective enzyme A. Which of the following would be a
consequence of thatmutation?
Correct Answer: D) an accumulation of A and no production of B and C


Question 5.
What is the most logical sequence of steps for splicing foreign DNA into a plasmid and
insertingthe plasmid into a bacterium?
Correct Answer: B) III, II, IV, V, I


Question 6.
Genomic imprinting, DNA methylation, and histone acetylation are all examples of
Correct Answer: C) epigenetic phenomena.


Question 7.
Use the model of circulation in the leg of a Canada goose to answer the following question.
Which of the following is the best interpretation of the model?
Correct Answer: B) that warmer arterial blood transfers heat to the cooler
venous blood


Question 8.
8) Whatever its ultimate cause(s), the Cambrian explosion is a prime example of ________.
Correct Answer: A) adaptive radiation


Question 9.
Between which two genes would you expect the highest frequency of recombination?
Correct Answer: A and G


Question 10.

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,Using the CRISPR-Cas9 system to correct a genetic defect in a mouse brings with it which
of thefollowing risks?
Correct Answer: B) altering non-target mouse genes needed for cell function


Question 11.
Acidity in human sweat is an example of
Correct Answer: C) innate immunity.


Question 12.
18) Suppose 64% of the individuals in a remote mountain village can taste
phenylthiocarbamide(PTC) and must, therefore, have at least one copy of the dominant
PTC taster allele. If thispopulation conforms to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for this gene,
what percent of the populationmust be heterozygous for this trait?
Correct Answer: 48%


Question 13.
Consider the energy budgets for a human, an elephant, a penguin, a mouse, and a snake.
The________ would have the highest total annual energy expenditure, and the ________
wouldhave the highest energy expenditure per unit mass.
Correct Answer: B) elephant; mouse


Question 14.
23) Which of the following methods are used by eukaryotes to control gene expression but
are not used by bacteria?
Correct Answer: B) control of both RNA splicing and chromatin remodeling


Question 15.
A mutation that inactivates the regulatory gene of a repressible operon in an E. coli cell
wouldresult in
Correct Answer: C) continuous transcription of the structural gene controlled by
that regulator.


Question 16.
The body's automatic tendency to maintain a constant and optimal internal environment
istermed as ________.
Correct Answer: A) homeostasis


Question 17.
2) Which of the following is (are) unique to animals? A) nervous system signal conduction
and muscular movement B) flagellated gametes C) heterotrophy D) the structural
carbohydrate, chitin
Correct Answer: A) nervous system signal conduction and muscular movement


Question 18.
A phenotypically normal prospective couple seeks genetic counseling because the man
knowsthat he has a translocation of a portion of his chromosome 4 that has been
exchanged with aportion of his chromosome 12. Although he is normal because his


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, translocation is balanced, heand his wife want to know the probability that his sperm will
be abnormal. What is your prognosisregarding his sperm?
Correct Answer: B) One-fourth will be normal, 1/4 will have the translocation,
and 1/2 will have duplications anddeletions.


Question 19.
Use the list of choices below for the following questions: I. helicase II. DNA polymerase III
III. ligase IV. DNA polymerase I V. primase41) Which of the enzymes separates the DNA
strands during replication?
Correct Answer: A) I


Question 20.
An electrocardiogram (ECG) provides information about ________.
Correct Answer: D) the rhythm of heart contractions


Question 21.
Compared with a smaller cell, a larger cell of the same shape has ________.
Correct Answer: C) less surface area per unit of volume


Question 22.
27) In the microarray shown in Figure 15.1, if you were searching for genes whose
expression wasinhibited by hormone treatment, you would search for sequences spotted
on the array that showed________ fluorescence.
Correct Answer: no


Question 23.
Why do histones bind tightly to DNA?
Correct Answer: D) Histones are positively charged, and DNA is negatively
charged.


Question 24.
Which of the following is (are) problematic when the goal is to construct phylogenies
thataccurately reflect evolutionary history?
Correct Answer: D) polyphyletic taxa and paraphyletic taxa


Question 25.
In response to chemical signals, prokaryotes can do which of the following?
Correct Answer: B) alter the level of production of various enzymes


Question 26.
In cats, black fur color is caused by an X-linked allele; the other allele at this locus
causesorange color. The heterozygote is tortoiseshell. What kinds of offspring would you
expect fromthe cross of a black female and an orange male?
Correct Answer: C) tortoiseshell females; black males


Question 27.
Which of the following mechanisms are used to regulate blood pressure in the closed

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