Biology 1407 Final Exam Questions and Answers

Biology 1407 Final Exam Questions and Answers

Question 1.
The producers in aquatic ecosystems include organisms in which of the following groups?
Correct Answer: - Cyanobacteria - Algae - Plants - Photoautotrophs


Question 2.
In contrast to bryophytes, in vascular plants the dominant stage of the life cycle is the
_____.
Correct Answer: Sporophyte


Question 3.
Animals that possess homologous structures probably _____.
Correct Answer: Evolved from the same ancestor


Question 4.
The largest unit within which gene flow can readily occur is a
Correct Answer: Species


Question 5.
Ectoprocts and brachiopods are collectively referred to as _____.
Correct Answer: lophophorates


Question 6.
A paramecium is a(n) _____.
Correct Answer: Ciliate


Question 7.
What is the only evolutionary mechanism that consistently leads to adaptive evolution?
Correct Answer: Natural selection


Question 8.
Which clade does not include humans?
Correct Answer: diapsids


Question 9.
Which of these is the only chordate group that has hair?
Correct Answer: mammals


Question 10.
The members of _____ are characterized by cells with small membrane-bounded cavities
under their cell membranes.
Correct Answer: Alveolata


Question 11.
Which statement regarding the mammalian heart is correct? - In the adult heart, blood in


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,the right chambers of the heart cannot enter the left chambers without passing through
the lungs. - When the right atrium contracts, it forces blood into the left atrium. -
Oxygen-loaded blood moves only through the right side of the heart. - Blood is pumped
from the heart via the atria. - Blood arrives at the heart via the ventricles.
Correct Answer: In the adult heart, blood in the right chambers of the heart
cannot enter the left chambers without passing through the lungs.


Question 12.
According to the punctuated equilibria model,
Correct Answer: Most new species accumulate their unique features relatively
rapidly as they come into existence, then change little for the rest of their
duration as a species.


Question 13.
The oldest fossils usually _____.
Correct Answer: Are found in the deepest strata


Question 14.
Choose the correct statement from the list below: - Protein digestion begins in the small
intestine with the activation of trypsinogen to trypsin - Mechanical digestion of proteins is
more important than chemical digestion. - The stomach has a high pH which allows for the
activation of digestive enzymes. - Proteins that are consumed in the diet are absorbed as
individual amino acids following digestion.
Correct Answer: Proteins that are consumed in the diet are absorbed as
individual amino acids following digestion.


Question 15.
Which phylum is characterized by animals that have a segmented body?
Correct Answer: Anthropoda


Question 16.
Homeostasis is the _____.
Correct Answer: maintenance of a relatively constant and optimal internal
environment


Question 17.
An important trend in animal evolution was cephalization. An animal is said to show
cephalization when it _____.
Correct Answer: has an aggregation of sensory neurons at the anterior end


Question 18.
Cellulose-digesting microorganisms live in the guts of termites and ruminant mammals.
The microorganisms have a home and food, and their hosts gain more nutrition from their
meals. This relationship is an example of ________.
Correct Answer: Mutualism


Question 19.


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, Which protists are in the same eukaryotic supergroup as land plants?
Correct Answer: Red algae and green algae


Question 20.
Which group is characterized by cells with fine hairlike projections on their flagella? -
Rhodophyta - Euglenozoa - Metazoa - Stramenopila - Alveolata
Correct Answer: Stramenopila


Question 21.
Which one of these chordate groups lacks a post-anal tail and a notochord as adults?
Correct Answer: tunicates


Question 22.
Fungi have an extremely high surface-area-to-volume ratio. What is the advantage of this
to an organism that gets most of its nutrition through absorption?
Correct Answer: The larger surface area allows for more material to be
transported through the cell membrane.


Question 23.
Which of the following best describes the physical relationship of the partners involved in
lichens?
Correct Answer: Photosynthetic cells are surrounded by fungal hyphae


Question 24.
The largest seaweeds are _____.
Correct Answer: Brown algae


Question 25.
Which of the following chordate groups include(s) humans?
Correct Answer: - Hominins - Amniotes - Gnathostomes


Question 26.
How do endotherms and ectotherms differ?
Correct Answer: Endotherms and ectotherms differ in the means by which they
regulate their body temperature.


Question 27.
Vertebrates and tunicates share
Correct Answer: a notochrod and a dorsal, hollow nerve cord


Question 28.
The earliest ancestors of about half of all extant animal phyla can be traced back to the
_____ explosion.
Correct Answer: Cambrian


Question 29.


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