PSYCHOLOGY 1 UC BERKELEY MIDTERM 1 ACTUAL EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED ANSWERS
Question 1.
Humor's Theory
Correct Answer: Outdated theory trying to explain the function of the mind.
States that bodily fluids affect human traits.
Question 2.
Hydraulic Theories
Correct Answer: Outdated theory trying to explain the function of the mind.
States that the mind acts like a pressure system and pressure controls the
mind's actions.
Question 3.
Spiritual Theories
Correct Answer: Are generally undeveloped theories of how the mind works that
cannot be explained or proven yet.
Question 4.
Camillo Golgi
Correct Answer: Famous for staining patches of skin with silver, dyeing them
and making the neurons visible. Initially saw them simply as webs and didn't
recognize they were neurons.
Question 5.
Ramon y Cajal
Correct Answer: Expanded upon Camillo's work and identified the "webs" as
neurons.
Question 6.
Neurons
Correct Answer: Cells that receive/transmit information throughout the brain
and body.
Question 7.
How many Neurons does our body have?
,Correct Answer: Roughly 80-100 billion neurons by adulthood.
Question 8.
What area are neurons concentrated in?
Correct Answer: The brain regions.
Question 9.
Dendrites
Correct Answer: Receive signals from axon terminals through synapses.
Question 10.
Cell Body
Correct Answer: Main content of the neuron. Decides if messages should be sent
or not and keeps it alive and functioning.
Question 11.
Axon
Correct Answer: Part of neuron that relays messages away from cell body to
other neurons, muscles or glands.
Question 12.
Neural Impulse
Correct Answer: Electrical signal traveling down the axon.
Question 13.
Myelin Sheath
Correct Answer: Fatty substance covering axons to speed up neural impulses.
Insulates axons.
Question 14.
Terminal Branch-es
Correct Answer: Forms junctions with other cells.
Question 15.
Terminal Buttons
, Correct Answer: The very tips of terminal branches. Synaptic cleft branches off
these buttons.
Question 16.
Synapse/Synaptic Cleft
Correct Answer: Small space between axon terminal buttons and dendrites.
Question 17.
Neurotransmitters
Correct Answer: Chemicals that are released by the terminal buttons.
Question 18.
What are the functions of neurotransmitters?
Correct Answer: 1) Excite 2) Inhibit
Question 19.
What does it mean when a neurotransmitter excites?
Correct Answer: It increases the chances for the following neuron to release its
neurotransmitters.
Question 20.
What does it mean when a neurotransmitter inhibits?
Correct Answer: It reduces the likelihood for the following neuron to release its
neurotransmitters.
Question 21.
Vessicles
Correct Answer: "Bags" in terminal buttons that store neurotransmitters until
they are released into the synapse.
Question 22.
Axon Hillock
Correct Answer: Connects the cell body to the axon and decides whether or not
the action potential will fire. Is the start of action potential.
Question 23.
Action Potential
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED ANSWERS
Question 1.
Humor's Theory
Correct Answer: Outdated theory trying to explain the function of the mind.
States that bodily fluids affect human traits.
Question 2.
Hydraulic Theories
Correct Answer: Outdated theory trying to explain the function of the mind.
States that the mind acts like a pressure system and pressure controls the
mind's actions.
Question 3.
Spiritual Theories
Correct Answer: Are generally undeveloped theories of how the mind works that
cannot be explained or proven yet.
Question 4.
Camillo Golgi
Correct Answer: Famous for staining patches of skin with silver, dyeing them
and making the neurons visible. Initially saw them simply as webs and didn't
recognize they were neurons.
Question 5.
Ramon y Cajal
Correct Answer: Expanded upon Camillo's work and identified the "webs" as
neurons.
Question 6.
Neurons
Correct Answer: Cells that receive/transmit information throughout the brain
and body.
Question 7.
How many Neurons does our body have?
,Correct Answer: Roughly 80-100 billion neurons by adulthood.
Question 8.
What area are neurons concentrated in?
Correct Answer: The brain regions.
Question 9.
Dendrites
Correct Answer: Receive signals from axon terminals through synapses.
Question 10.
Cell Body
Correct Answer: Main content of the neuron. Decides if messages should be sent
or not and keeps it alive and functioning.
Question 11.
Axon
Correct Answer: Part of neuron that relays messages away from cell body to
other neurons, muscles or glands.
Question 12.
Neural Impulse
Correct Answer: Electrical signal traveling down the axon.
Question 13.
Myelin Sheath
Correct Answer: Fatty substance covering axons to speed up neural impulses.
Insulates axons.
Question 14.
Terminal Branch-es
Correct Answer: Forms junctions with other cells.
Question 15.
Terminal Buttons
, Correct Answer: The very tips of terminal branches. Synaptic cleft branches off
these buttons.
Question 16.
Synapse/Synaptic Cleft
Correct Answer: Small space between axon terminal buttons and dendrites.
Question 17.
Neurotransmitters
Correct Answer: Chemicals that are released by the terminal buttons.
Question 18.
What are the functions of neurotransmitters?
Correct Answer: 1) Excite 2) Inhibit
Question 19.
What does it mean when a neurotransmitter excites?
Correct Answer: It increases the chances for the following neuron to release its
neurotransmitters.
Question 20.
What does it mean when a neurotransmitter inhibits?
Correct Answer: It reduces the likelihood for the following neuron to release its
neurotransmitters.
Question 21.
Vessicles
Correct Answer: "Bags" in terminal buttons that store neurotransmitters until
they are released into the synapse.
Question 22.
Axon Hillock
Correct Answer: Connects the cell body to the axon and decides whether or not
the action potential will fire. Is the start of action potential.
Question 23.
Action Potential
