PENN FOSTER BIOLOGY 2027 UPDATE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

PENN FOSTER BIOLOGY 2027 UPDATE WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS

Question 1.
3 parts of human ear

Correct Answer: The outer ear- collects sound waves from the environment
through skin-covered flaps of cartilage called the pinna. The outer ear sends
these waves to the middle ear. The middle ear- sends sound waves to the inner
ear. An air-filled cavity and three small bones transmit vibrations.damage to the
middle ear results in conduction deafness. The inner ear -contains the vestibule,
semicircular canals, and cochlea. inner ear also includes fluid-filled sacs that
detect motions of the head and send information about balance to the brain.


Question 2.
Bronchi

Correct Answer: 2 branches of trachea enter lungs


Question 3.
Epidermis

Correct Answer: outermost layer of skin


Question 4.
Cuticle

Correct Answer: waxy, restricts loss and resists attacks by microorganisms


Question 5.
Stomata

Correct Answer: open and close, like pores


Question 6.
ground tissue

Correct Answer: makes up bulk of the plant body


Question 7.
3 types of simple Ground tissue

Correct Answer: Parenchyma cells- thin walls; active in photosynthesis and
storage Collenchyma cells- provide support to primary tissues Sclerenchyma

,cells- fibrous cells that give stalks their gravity resisting strength


Question 8.
vascular tissue

Correct Answer: Plant tissue consisting of cells joined into tubes that transport
water and nutrients throughout the plant body.


Question 9.
vascular tissue composition tissues

Correct Answer: xylem- conducts water and dissolved minerals through plant
body. also functions as mechanical support for the plant. Cells that make up the
xylem are Tracheids and Vessels( composed of vessel elements are actually
dead at maturity) Phloem- conducts sugar and other solutes throughout the
plant. Sieve and Tube Members are alive at maturity. Sugar that goes through
the phloem is unloaded where there's cell growth or where food storage is
needed.


Question 10.
shoot system

Correct Answer: The aboveground part of a plant comprising stems, leaves, and
flowers (in angiosperms).


Question 11.
root system

Correct Answer: All of a plant's roots that anchor it in the soil, absorb and
transport minerals and water, and store food.


Question 12.
root

Correct Answer: specialized structures to absorption of minerals and water from
the soil


Question 13.
primary growth

Correct Answer: cellular division within terminal buds of the shoot and root
systems which causes them to increase in length

,Question 14.
Perennial plants

Correct Answer: outlast winter because their roots can survive to produce new
shoots in spring


Question 15.
annual plants

Correct Answer: survive only one season


Question 16.
Leaf composition Simple-

Correct Answer: blade attached to petiole (stalk that connects the blade to the
stem)


Question 17.
types of flowering plants based on embryonic leaves

Correct Answer: Monocots- single cotyledons in their seeds Eudicots(dicots) two
cotyledons in their seeds


Question 18.
embryonic leaves

Correct Answer: cotyledons


Question 19.
mesophyll

Correct Answer: the tissue that carries out the work of photosynthesis and *leaf
veins* which transport materials to and from mesophyll cells


Question 20.
distinct regions of mesophyll cells

Correct Answer: Palisade mesophyll- elongated cells Spongy mesophyll-
irregularly shaped cells surrounded by air spaces. Facilitates a max exposure of
cell surface areas for gas exchange and water loss


Question 21.
nonwoody stems

, Correct Answer: (like daisies)


Question 22.
woody stems

Correct Answer: include bark, which is composed of cork, cork cambium, cortex,
and phloem


Question 23.
lumber is secondary xylem

Correct Answer: builds up year after year in tree trunk or branch.


Question 24.
growth zone special tissues

Correct Answer: vascular cylinder-consisting of xylem and phloem Endodermis-
controls the passage of minerals into vascular tissue Pericycle- can form lateral
roots Cortex- contains starch granules Epidermis- has root hairs


Question 25.
monocot root vs eudicot root

Correct Answer: Monocot roots are very similar to eudicot roots, but they don't
produce the secondary growth that forms wood. Also, the tissues of monocots
are arranged differently to include a central ground tissue


Question 26.
Pith

Correct Answer: central ground tissue


Question 27.
Nutrients

Correct Answer: elements essential for a given organisms growth and survival


Question 28.
Essential plant elements

Correct Answer: O2, Hydrogen, and Carbon


Question 29.
Macronutrients