HESI A2 Version 3 | HESI / Elsevier | Academic Year 2026/2027 |
Comprehensive Admission Examination | 140 Verified Questions and
Correct Answer Rationales
1. What is the response of cells in the collecting tubules in the nephrons when antidiuretic
hormone (ADH) is secreted?
A. The tubules become impermeable to water
B. Serum potassium retention increases
C. Large quantities of dilute urine are formed
D. Water is reabsorbed from the urinary filtrate - ANSWERS-D. Water is reabsorbed from
the urinary filtrate
2. What is the function of the thrombocytes (platelets)?
A. Defend against infection
B. Play role in blood clotting
C. From connective tissue
D. Transport respiratory gases - ANSWERS-B. Play role in blood clotting
3. Which muscle of the quadriceps femoris group lies on the slide surface of the lower
extremity?
A. Rectus femoris
B. Vastus lateralis
C. Gastrocnemius
D. Anterior tibialis - ANSWERS-B. Vastus lateralis
4. Which structure is located on the sternum?
A. Hyoid bone
B. Ossa cozae
C. Sesamoid bone
D. Xiphoid process - ANSWERS-D. Xiphoid process
5. The occipital region is located in which part of the body? - ANSWERS-Head.
6. Which structure carries oxygen to the cells? - ANSWERS-Hemoglobin.
7. Which gland is commonly known as the "Master Gland"? - ANSWERS-Pituitary Gland.
8. Aspirin occurs when there is a tear in which structures? - ANSWERS-Ligament.
9. What epidermal derivative is involved in temperature homeostasis? - ANSWERS-Eccrine
gland.
10. Which statements are true about bone? - ANSWERS-Osteoblast, epiphyseal, diaphysis.
11. Aqueous humor is watery fluid in which part of the body? - ANSWERS-Eye.
,12. Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion are types of joint movement that are associated with
which part of the body? - ANSWERS-Foot.
13. Within which vessel does blood return from the lungs? - ANSWERS-Pulmonary vein.
14. Which part of the brain is involved in auditory functioning? - ANSWERS-Temporal lobe.
15. What internal structure of the ear is concerned with hearing? - ANSWERS-Cochlea.
16. Fertilization of an ovum occurs in which anatomical structure? - ANSWERS-Fallopian
tubes.
17. Where is the tubialis anterior muscle located? - ANSWERS-Lower leg.
18. An over-production of cerumen (earwax) can accumulate in which area? - ANSWERS-
External ear canals
19. The mitral valve is located between which two structures? - ANSWERS-Left ventricle &
Left atrium.
20. The olfactory nerve is associated in which sense? - ANSWERS-Smell.
21. Which vessel carries blood from the body to the heart? - ANSWERS-Vena cave.
22. Which hormone(s) is/are produced by the ovaries? - ANSWERS-Estrogen & progesterone.
23. Which plane divides the body into right and left sides? - ANSWERS-Sagittal.
24. Two principle divisions that makeup the nervous system? - ANSWERS-Peripheral (PNS) &
Central (CNS).
25. The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the distal region of the
humerus. What area is he describing? - ANSWERS-Epiphysis.
26. Which part of the brain attaches to the spinal cord? - ANSWERS-Medulla oblongata.
27. Which term is used to describe movement of the arms and legs away from midline of the
body? - ANSWERS-Abduction.
28. Which structure provides a pulse reading in the neck? - ANSWERS-Carotid Artery.
29. Which hormone is produced by the posterior pituitary gland? - ANSWERS-Oxytocin.
30. What is the primary function of the hemoglobin? - ANSWERS-Carry oxygen.
31. What stimulates the chemoreceptors to function? - ANSWERS-Rise in cardon dioxide;
Fall in oxygen.
,32. Which condition causes a client to say "I can't see far away"? - ANSWERS-
Nearsightedness.
33. Golgi apparatus functions as? - ANSWERS-Process protein secretion. Synthesize carbs
and glycoproteins.
34. What organ produces insulin? - ANSWERS-Pancreas.
35. Fertilization occurs in the? - ANSWERS-Oviduct.
36. When drawing blood from autecubital region which blood vessel is used to obtain blood?
- ANSWERS-Median cubital.
37. What hormone induces growth of pubic and axillary hair at puberty? - ANSWERS-
Testosterone and estrogen.
38. Increase in rate of depth of breath results in what blood PH change? - ANSWERS-
Alkalosis.
39. What is the function of the hypothalamus? - ANSWERS-Regulates function of body,
balance, temperature.
40. How many carbs per gram do carbohydrates contain? - ANSWERS-4.
41. When water molecules move across cell membrane from high to low concentration this
process is called? - ANSWERS-Osmosis.
42. What is the result of carbon dioxide in the body? - ANSWERS-Body becomes more acidic.
43. What part of the body is the lower back? - ANSWERS-Lumbar.
44. High levels of which ion would most likely result in a cardiac arrest? - ANSWERS-
Potassium.
45. What blood vessel prefuses the kidney? - ANSWERS-Renal vein.
46. Which gland is located on the anterior surface of the trachea? - ANSWERS-Thyroid gland.
47. In white blood cells what contributes to phagocytosis? - ANSWERS-Macrophages,
neutrophils.
48. What structure of the eye picks out color? - ANSWERS-Retina.
49. What is the outer most protective layer of the skin? - ANSWERS-Epidermis.
50. The organ of corti is located in? - ANSWERS-Ear.
, 51. Where in the body are nutrients absorbed? - ANSWERS-Small intestine.
52. What cell structure regulates the transportation of substances in and out the cell? -
ANSWERS-Plasma membrane.
53. The rough endoplasmic reticulum functions in the human cell to? - ANSWERS-Synthesize
protein.
54. Tissue repair is enhanced by a diet high in? - ANSWERS-Protein.
55. What is the definition of chyme? - ANSWERS-Bolus that turns into soupy substance.
56. What are hormones? - ANSWERS-Chemical messengers.
57. What female reproductive organ produces oocytes, estrogen, and progesterone? -
ANSWERS-Ovaries.
58. What structure is located in the upper airways? - ANSWERS-Nose and pharynx.
59. What cellular process helps to move debris and mucous through the lining of tubules? -
ANSWERS-Cilia.
60. Which is a hollow organ? - ANSWERS-Gall bladder.
61. Which muscle is included in the quadriceps femoris group? - ANSWERS-Rectus femoris,
Vastus lateralis, vastus medilis, and vastus intermedius.
62. Which structure is responsible for normal respiratory function? - ANSWERS-Medulla
oblongata.
63. Which hormone is produced by the posterior pituitary gland? - ANSWERS-ADH and OT.
64. Client has a large pituitary tumor what part of the body does this effect? - ANSWERS-
Head hurt, sickness, and low blood pressure.
65. Which structure produces B-lymphocytes? - ANSWERS-Red bone marrow.
66. What occurs when the sympathetic nervous system's stimulation is increased? -
ANSWERS-Blood pressure rises, goose bumps.
67. The buttocks are which surface of the body? - ANSWERS-Dorsal.
68. The esophagus is located in which body cavity? - ANSWERS-Thoracic.
69. The tympanic membrane is located between which structures? - ANSWERS-External
auditory canal and middle ear.
Comprehensive Admission Examination | 140 Verified Questions and
Correct Answer Rationales
1. What is the response of cells in the collecting tubules in the nephrons when antidiuretic
hormone (ADH) is secreted?
A. The tubules become impermeable to water
B. Serum potassium retention increases
C. Large quantities of dilute urine are formed
D. Water is reabsorbed from the urinary filtrate - ANSWERS-D. Water is reabsorbed from
the urinary filtrate
2. What is the function of the thrombocytes (platelets)?
A. Defend against infection
B. Play role in blood clotting
C. From connective tissue
D. Transport respiratory gases - ANSWERS-B. Play role in blood clotting
3. Which muscle of the quadriceps femoris group lies on the slide surface of the lower
extremity?
A. Rectus femoris
B. Vastus lateralis
C. Gastrocnemius
D. Anterior tibialis - ANSWERS-B. Vastus lateralis
4. Which structure is located on the sternum?
A. Hyoid bone
B. Ossa cozae
C. Sesamoid bone
D. Xiphoid process - ANSWERS-D. Xiphoid process
5. The occipital region is located in which part of the body? - ANSWERS-Head.
6. Which structure carries oxygen to the cells? - ANSWERS-Hemoglobin.
7. Which gland is commonly known as the "Master Gland"? - ANSWERS-Pituitary Gland.
8. Aspirin occurs when there is a tear in which structures? - ANSWERS-Ligament.
9. What epidermal derivative is involved in temperature homeostasis? - ANSWERS-Eccrine
gland.
10. Which statements are true about bone? - ANSWERS-Osteoblast, epiphyseal, diaphysis.
11. Aqueous humor is watery fluid in which part of the body? - ANSWERS-Eye.
,12. Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion are types of joint movement that are associated with
which part of the body? - ANSWERS-Foot.
13. Within which vessel does blood return from the lungs? - ANSWERS-Pulmonary vein.
14. Which part of the brain is involved in auditory functioning? - ANSWERS-Temporal lobe.
15. What internal structure of the ear is concerned with hearing? - ANSWERS-Cochlea.
16. Fertilization of an ovum occurs in which anatomical structure? - ANSWERS-Fallopian
tubes.
17. Where is the tubialis anterior muscle located? - ANSWERS-Lower leg.
18. An over-production of cerumen (earwax) can accumulate in which area? - ANSWERS-
External ear canals
19. The mitral valve is located between which two structures? - ANSWERS-Left ventricle &
Left atrium.
20. The olfactory nerve is associated in which sense? - ANSWERS-Smell.
21. Which vessel carries blood from the body to the heart? - ANSWERS-Vena cave.
22. Which hormone(s) is/are produced by the ovaries? - ANSWERS-Estrogen & progesterone.
23. Which plane divides the body into right and left sides? - ANSWERS-Sagittal.
24. Two principle divisions that makeup the nervous system? - ANSWERS-Peripheral (PNS) &
Central (CNS).
25. The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the distal region of the
humerus. What area is he describing? - ANSWERS-Epiphysis.
26. Which part of the brain attaches to the spinal cord? - ANSWERS-Medulla oblongata.
27. Which term is used to describe movement of the arms and legs away from midline of the
body? - ANSWERS-Abduction.
28. Which structure provides a pulse reading in the neck? - ANSWERS-Carotid Artery.
29. Which hormone is produced by the posterior pituitary gland? - ANSWERS-Oxytocin.
30. What is the primary function of the hemoglobin? - ANSWERS-Carry oxygen.
31. What stimulates the chemoreceptors to function? - ANSWERS-Rise in cardon dioxide;
Fall in oxygen.
,32. Which condition causes a client to say "I can't see far away"? - ANSWERS-
Nearsightedness.
33. Golgi apparatus functions as? - ANSWERS-Process protein secretion. Synthesize carbs
and glycoproteins.
34. What organ produces insulin? - ANSWERS-Pancreas.
35. Fertilization occurs in the? - ANSWERS-Oviduct.
36. When drawing blood from autecubital region which blood vessel is used to obtain blood?
- ANSWERS-Median cubital.
37. What hormone induces growth of pubic and axillary hair at puberty? - ANSWERS-
Testosterone and estrogen.
38. Increase in rate of depth of breath results in what blood PH change? - ANSWERS-
Alkalosis.
39. What is the function of the hypothalamus? - ANSWERS-Regulates function of body,
balance, temperature.
40. How many carbs per gram do carbohydrates contain? - ANSWERS-4.
41. When water molecules move across cell membrane from high to low concentration this
process is called? - ANSWERS-Osmosis.
42. What is the result of carbon dioxide in the body? - ANSWERS-Body becomes more acidic.
43. What part of the body is the lower back? - ANSWERS-Lumbar.
44. High levels of which ion would most likely result in a cardiac arrest? - ANSWERS-
Potassium.
45. What blood vessel prefuses the kidney? - ANSWERS-Renal vein.
46. Which gland is located on the anterior surface of the trachea? - ANSWERS-Thyroid gland.
47. In white blood cells what contributes to phagocytosis? - ANSWERS-Macrophages,
neutrophils.
48. What structure of the eye picks out color? - ANSWERS-Retina.
49. What is the outer most protective layer of the skin? - ANSWERS-Epidermis.
50. The organ of corti is located in? - ANSWERS-Ear.
, 51. Where in the body are nutrients absorbed? - ANSWERS-Small intestine.
52. What cell structure regulates the transportation of substances in and out the cell? -
ANSWERS-Plasma membrane.
53. The rough endoplasmic reticulum functions in the human cell to? - ANSWERS-Synthesize
protein.
54. Tissue repair is enhanced by a diet high in? - ANSWERS-Protein.
55. What is the definition of chyme? - ANSWERS-Bolus that turns into soupy substance.
56. What are hormones? - ANSWERS-Chemical messengers.
57. What female reproductive organ produces oocytes, estrogen, and progesterone? -
ANSWERS-Ovaries.
58. What structure is located in the upper airways? - ANSWERS-Nose and pharynx.
59. What cellular process helps to move debris and mucous through the lining of tubules? -
ANSWERS-Cilia.
60. Which is a hollow organ? - ANSWERS-Gall bladder.
61. Which muscle is included in the quadriceps femoris group? - ANSWERS-Rectus femoris,
Vastus lateralis, vastus medilis, and vastus intermedius.
62. Which structure is responsible for normal respiratory function? - ANSWERS-Medulla
oblongata.
63. Which hormone is produced by the posterior pituitary gland? - ANSWERS-ADH and OT.
64. Client has a large pituitary tumor what part of the body does this effect? - ANSWERS-
Head hurt, sickness, and low blood pressure.
65. Which structure produces B-lymphocytes? - ANSWERS-Red bone marrow.
66. What occurs when the sympathetic nervous system's stimulation is increased? -
ANSWERS-Blood pressure rises, goose bumps.
67. The buttocks are which surface of the body? - ANSWERS-Dorsal.
68. The esophagus is located in which body cavity? - ANSWERS-Thoracic.
69. The tympanic membrane is located between which structures? - ANSWERS-External
auditory canal and middle ear.
