Fundamentals of Nursing 12.0
ATI Review Model Content
Mastery Series – Practice
Questions, Answers &
Rationales Guaranteed Pass
(GRADED A+)
1. A nurse is preparing to assess a client’s blood pressure.
Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Place the cuff over the client’s clothing
B. Select an appropriately sized cuff
C. Ask the client to stand upright
D. Position the arm below heart level
Answer: _B. Select an appropriately sized cuff_
Rationale: An appropriately sized blood pressure cuff is
necessary for an accurate measurement. A cuff that is too small
can produce a falsely elevated reading, while one that is too
large can produce a falsely low reading.
2. A nurse is performing hand hygiene before providing care to a
client. Which action is appropriate?
A. Use hot water for all handwashing
B. Keep rings and bracelets on during handwashing
,C. Rub the hands together vigorously with soap and water
D. Dry the hands on the nurse’s uniform
Answer: _C. Rub the hands together vigorously with soap and
water_
Rationale: Friction is an essential component of effective hand
hygiene because it helps remove microorganisms and organic
material from the hands.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who is at risk for falls. Which
intervention should the nurse implement?
A. Keep the bed in the highest position
B. Place frequently used items within the client’s reach
C. Keep all four side rails raised
D. Encourage the client to ambulate independently
Answer: _B. Place frequently used items within the client’s
reach_
Rationale: Keeping necessary items within reach reduces the
need for the client to reach, stretch, or get out of bed
unnecessarily, thereby reducing fall risk.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about using an incentive
spirometer. Which instruction should the nurse provide?
A. Exhale forcefully into the device
B. Inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece
C. Use the device only when experiencing shortness of breath
D. Breathe rapidly through the mouthpiece
Answer: _B. Inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece_
,Rationale: Incentive spirometry promotes lung expansion. The
client should inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece
while attempting to raise the indicator to the prescribed level.
5. A nurse is assisting a client from the bed to a chair. Which
action promotes safe transfer?
A. Position the chair several feet away from the bed
B. Lock the wheels of the bed and chair
C. Ask the client to pull on the nurse’s neck
D. Keep the client’s feet together during the transfer
Answer: _B. Lock the wheels of the bed and chair_
Rationale: Locking the wheels prevents movement of the
equipment during transfer and helps reduce the risk of injury.
6. A nurse is caring for a client who reports pain. Which
assessment is most appropriate?
A. Determine only the location of the pain
B. Ask the client to rate the pain using an appropriate pain scale
C. Assume the pain level based on the client’s diagnosis
D. Wait until the client requests medication
Answer: _B. Ask the client to rate the pain using an appropriate
pain scale_
Rationale: Pain is subjective. Asking the client to describe and
rate the pain provides the most reliable information for
assessment and treatment planning.
7. A nurse is administering oral medication to a client. Which
action is appropriate?
, A. Leave the medication at the bedside
B. Verify the medication against the prescription before
administration
C. Administer medication without identifying the client
D. Document administration before giving the medication
Answer: _B. Verify the medication against the prescription
before administration_
Rationale: Medication verification helps prevent administration
errors. The nurse should compare the medication with the
prescription and follow medication-safety procedures before
administration.
8. A nurse is caring for a client with impaired mobility. Which
intervention helps prevent pressure injuries?
A. Massage reddened bony prominences
B. Reposition the client regularly
C. Keep the skin moist at all times
D. Place the client directly on a bony prominence
Answer: _B. Reposition the client regularly_
Rationale: Regular repositioning reduces prolonged pressure
over bony prominences and helps maintain tissue perfusion,
reducing the risk of pressure injury.
9. A nurse is providing oral hygiene to an unconscious client.
Which action is appropriate?
A. Place the client flat on the back
B. Use large amounts of water
ATI Review Model Content
Mastery Series – Practice
Questions, Answers &
Rationales Guaranteed Pass
(GRADED A+)
1. A nurse is preparing to assess a client’s blood pressure.
Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Place the cuff over the client’s clothing
B. Select an appropriately sized cuff
C. Ask the client to stand upright
D. Position the arm below heart level
Answer: _B. Select an appropriately sized cuff_
Rationale: An appropriately sized blood pressure cuff is
necessary for an accurate measurement. A cuff that is too small
can produce a falsely elevated reading, while one that is too
large can produce a falsely low reading.
2. A nurse is performing hand hygiene before providing care to a
client. Which action is appropriate?
A. Use hot water for all handwashing
B. Keep rings and bracelets on during handwashing
,C. Rub the hands together vigorously with soap and water
D. Dry the hands on the nurse’s uniform
Answer: _C. Rub the hands together vigorously with soap and
water_
Rationale: Friction is an essential component of effective hand
hygiene because it helps remove microorganisms and organic
material from the hands.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who is at risk for falls. Which
intervention should the nurse implement?
A. Keep the bed in the highest position
B. Place frequently used items within the client’s reach
C. Keep all four side rails raised
D. Encourage the client to ambulate independently
Answer: _B. Place frequently used items within the client’s
reach_
Rationale: Keeping necessary items within reach reduces the
need for the client to reach, stretch, or get out of bed
unnecessarily, thereby reducing fall risk.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about using an incentive
spirometer. Which instruction should the nurse provide?
A. Exhale forcefully into the device
B. Inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece
C. Use the device only when experiencing shortness of breath
D. Breathe rapidly through the mouthpiece
Answer: _B. Inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece_
,Rationale: Incentive spirometry promotes lung expansion. The
client should inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece
while attempting to raise the indicator to the prescribed level.
5. A nurse is assisting a client from the bed to a chair. Which
action promotes safe transfer?
A. Position the chair several feet away from the bed
B. Lock the wheels of the bed and chair
C. Ask the client to pull on the nurse’s neck
D. Keep the client’s feet together during the transfer
Answer: _B. Lock the wheels of the bed and chair_
Rationale: Locking the wheels prevents movement of the
equipment during transfer and helps reduce the risk of injury.
6. A nurse is caring for a client who reports pain. Which
assessment is most appropriate?
A. Determine only the location of the pain
B. Ask the client to rate the pain using an appropriate pain scale
C. Assume the pain level based on the client’s diagnosis
D. Wait until the client requests medication
Answer: _B. Ask the client to rate the pain using an appropriate
pain scale_
Rationale: Pain is subjective. Asking the client to describe and
rate the pain provides the most reliable information for
assessment and treatment planning.
7. A nurse is administering oral medication to a client. Which
action is appropriate?
, A. Leave the medication at the bedside
B. Verify the medication against the prescription before
administration
C. Administer medication without identifying the client
D. Document administration before giving the medication
Answer: _B. Verify the medication against the prescription
before administration_
Rationale: Medication verification helps prevent administration
errors. The nurse should compare the medication with the
prescription and follow medication-safety procedures before
administration.
8. A nurse is caring for a client with impaired mobility. Which
intervention helps prevent pressure injuries?
A. Massage reddened bony prominences
B. Reposition the client regularly
C. Keep the skin moist at all times
D. Place the client directly on a bony prominence
Answer: _B. Reposition the client regularly_
Rationale: Regular repositioning reduces prolonged pressure
over bony prominences and helps maintain tissue perfusion,
reducing the risk of pressure injury.
9. A nurse is providing oral hygiene to an unconscious client.
Which action is appropriate?
A. Place the client flat on the back
B. Use large amounts of water
