ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1 MIDTERM REVIEW EXPECTED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2027

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1 MIDTERM REVIEW EXPECTED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2027

Question 1.
CHAPTER 1: ANATOMY

Correct Answer: The study of the STRUCTURE of the body


Question 2.
PHYSIOLOGY

Correct Answer: The study of the FUNCTION of the body - Greek "relationship to
nature"


Question 3.
PATHOLOGY

Correct Answer: The study of Disease


Question 4.
LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION

Correct Answer: Atom>Molecules>Cells>Tissues>Organs>Systems>Organisms


Question 5.
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE

Correct Answer: METABOLISM - living organisms use oxygen to release the
energy stored in food (oxidative metabolism) RESPONSIVENESS - living
organisms respond to their environment HOMEOSTASIS - living organisms
remain within certain limits ORGANIZATION - living organisms have varying
degrees of organization (layers, tissues, organs) REPRODUCTION - living things
have the ability to produce GROWTH - living organisms will grow


Question 6.
Name the five (5) BODY CAVITIES

Correct Answer: TWO MAIN CAVITIES - DORSAL & VENTAL DORSAL: Cranial cavity
Spinal cavity VENTRAL: Thoracic cavity Abdominal cavity Pelvic cavity


Question 7.
PLANES OF THE BODY

Correct Answer: FRONTAL (coronal) plane - divides the body into anterior and
posterior sections SAGITTAL plane - divides the body into left and right sections
TRANSVERSE (horizontal) plane - dives the body into superior and interior
sections

,Question 8.
Describe the ANATOMICAL POSITION and know the directional terms

Correct Answer: ANATOMICAL POSITION: Body is upright Standing erect Head
level, eyes forward chin level Arms at sides, palms forward (thumbs lateral) Feet
flat, directed forward, shoulder width apart


Question 9.
Directional terms - describe body directions

Correct Answer: SUPERIOR - a part above another part


Question 10.
Directional terms - describe body directions

Correct Answer: INFERIOR - a part is below another part


Question 11.
Directional terms - describe body directions

Correct Answer: ANTERIOR (ventral) - means towards the front


Question 12.
Directional terms - describe body directions

Correct Answer: POSTERIOR (dorsal) - means towards the back


Question 13.
Directional terms - describe body directions

Correct Answer: MEDIAL - an imaginary midline dividing the body intoequal right
and left halves


Question 14.
Directional terms - describe body directions

Correct Answer: LATERAL - towards the side, away from midline (ears are lateral
to the yes)


Question 15.
Directional terms - describe body directions

Correct Answer: PROXIMAL - a part closer to a point of attachment to the trunk
than another body part (elbow is proximal to the wrist)

, Question 16.
Directional terms - describe body directions

Correct Answer: DISTAL - is the opposite of proximal. It means a particular body
part is farther from a point of attachment to the trunk. (the fingers are distal to
the wrist)


Question 17.
Directional terms - describe body directions

Correct Answer: CRANIAL (cephalic) and CAUDAL - Tail side


Question 18.
Directional terms - describe body directions

Correct Answer: PRONE - Lying face down


Question 19.
Directional terms - describe body directions

Correct Answer: SUPINE - Face up


Question 20.
Directional terms - describe body directions

Correct Answer: SUPERFICIAL - near the surface (the epidermis is the superficial
layer of the skin)


Question 21.
Directional terms - describe body directions

Correct Answer: DEEP - more internal parts (the dermis is the deep layer of the
skin)


Question 22.
ANABOLISM

Correct Answer: Metabolic building of simple compounds into more complex
substances needed by the body


Question 23.
ANATOMICAL POSITION

Correct Answer: Body is upright Standing erect Head level, eyes forward chin
level Arms at sides, palms forward (thumbs lateral) Feet flat, directed forward,
shoulder width apart