NUR 612 (PATHO) RENAL, VC #1 Questions with CORRECT Answers (Grade A+)
Question 1:
kidney processes how much cardiac output?
Answer:
22-25%
Question 2:
where are kidneys located?
Answer:
retroperitoneally (back of abdomen) -T12-L3
Question 3:
area where the renal artery enters, renal vein exits, and ureter exits the kidney is called the:
Answer:
hilus
Question 4:
outer cortex of kidney is what color?
Answer:
red-brown
Question 5:
medulla of kidney is what color?
Answer:
light colored
Question 6:
paired, bean shaped organs, multi-lobed (up to 18 lobes), each lobe is composed of nephrons:
Answer:
structure of kidney
Question 7:
functional unit of kidney is called:
,Answer:
nephron
Question 8:
between both kidneys, how many nephrons do you have from birth?
Answer:
6-2.2 million
Question 9:
two types of nephrons: cortical vs juxtamedullary nephrons - which is more common, which as a
greater urine and electrolyte balance function
Answer:
cortical - 85% of nephrons, renal tubule dips barely into medulla 2. juxtamedullary - 15% of
nephrons, renal tubule goes deeper into medullar, more responsible for urine and electrolyte
balance
Question 10:
basically, the cortical nephrons are more prevalent, but are more superficial and not as functional
for urine and electrolyte balance as the:
Answer:
juxtamedullary nephrons
Question 11:
nephrons are located mostly where in the kidney?
Answer:
cortex - cortical nephrons are the majority, and they are found in cortex
Question 12:
nephrons are permanent cells, meaning:
Answer:
they cannot regenerate themselves
Question 13:
after age 40, we lose 10% of our nephrons per:
, Answer:
decade
Question 14:
if healthy, a person's kidneys shouldn't have a negative impact until age:
Answer:
90
Question 15:
nephrons are composed of two parts:
renal corpuscle (filtration) and renal tubule (carries away filtrate to become urine)
1. components of the real corpuscle are?
2. components of renal tubule are?
Answer:
glomerulus and bowman's capsule 2. proximal tubule, descending loop of Henle, ascending loop of
Henle, distal tubule, collecting duct
Question 16:
describe the loop of Henle in regard to thin and thick?
Answer:
descending and beginning of ascending -thin rest of ascending -thick
Question 17:
function of the glomerulus and bowman's capsule
Answer:
glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries that filters the plasma, glomerulus releases the fluid by a
sieve-like process to the bowman's capsule
Question 18:
the fluid collected by the bowman's capsule is called:
Answer:
filtrate
Question 1:
kidney processes how much cardiac output?
Answer:
22-25%
Question 2:
where are kidneys located?
Answer:
retroperitoneally (back of abdomen) -T12-L3
Question 3:
area where the renal artery enters, renal vein exits, and ureter exits the kidney is called the:
Answer:
hilus
Question 4:
outer cortex of kidney is what color?
Answer:
red-brown
Question 5:
medulla of kidney is what color?
Answer:
light colored
Question 6:
paired, bean shaped organs, multi-lobed (up to 18 lobes), each lobe is composed of nephrons:
Answer:
structure of kidney
Question 7:
functional unit of kidney is called:
,Answer:
nephron
Question 8:
between both kidneys, how many nephrons do you have from birth?
Answer:
6-2.2 million
Question 9:
two types of nephrons: cortical vs juxtamedullary nephrons - which is more common, which as a
greater urine and electrolyte balance function
Answer:
cortical - 85% of nephrons, renal tubule dips barely into medulla 2. juxtamedullary - 15% of
nephrons, renal tubule goes deeper into medullar, more responsible for urine and electrolyte
balance
Question 10:
basically, the cortical nephrons are more prevalent, but are more superficial and not as functional
for urine and electrolyte balance as the:
Answer:
juxtamedullary nephrons
Question 11:
nephrons are located mostly where in the kidney?
Answer:
cortex - cortical nephrons are the majority, and they are found in cortex
Question 12:
nephrons are permanent cells, meaning:
Answer:
they cannot regenerate themselves
Question 13:
after age 40, we lose 10% of our nephrons per:
, Answer:
decade
Question 14:
if healthy, a person's kidneys shouldn't have a negative impact until age:
Answer:
90
Question 15:
nephrons are composed of two parts:
renal corpuscle (filtration) and renal tubule (carries away filtrate to become urine)
1. components of the real corpuscle are?
2. components of renal tubule are?
Answer:
glomerulus and bowman's capsule 2. proximal tubule, descending loop of Henle, ascending loop of
Henle, distal tubule, collecting duct
Question 16:
describe the loop of Henle in regard to thin and thick?
Answer:
descending and beginning of ascending -thin rest of ascending -thick
Question 17:
function of the glomerulus and bowman's capsule
Answer:
glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries that filters the plasma, glomerulus releases the fluid by a
sieve-like process to the bowman's capsule
Question 18:
the fluid collected by the bowman's capsule is called:
Answer:
filtrate
