,UT Tyler NURS 5357 Exam 1 | Neurobiology: Mental
Health & Illness (2026) Q&A
1. Which three structures comprise the basic anatomy of a neuron?
A) Cell body, dendrites, and axon
B) Dendrites, synapse, and axon
C) Cell body, synapse, and axon
D) Dendrites, cell body, and glia
Correct Answer: Cell body, dendrites, and axon
Rationale: The three main parts of a neuron are the cell body (soma), dendrites,
and axon. The cell body contains the nucleus and metabolic machinery, dendrites
receive signals, and the axon transmits signals. Synapses are junctions between
neurons, not a structural part of the neuron itself. Glia are supporting cells, not part
of the neuron.
2. Which part of the neuron is responsible for receiving signals from other neurons?
A) Axon
B) Dendrites
C) Cell body
D) Synapse
Correct Answer: Dendrites
Rationale: Dendrites are short, highly branched structures that receive synaptic
input from other neurons and conduct signals toward the cell body. The axon
transmits signals away from the cell body. The cell body contains the nucleus and
integrates incoming signals . The synapse is the junction where communication
occurs, not the receiving structure itself.
,3. Which type of neuron has one axon and multiple dendrites and is the most
common type in the central nervous system?
A) Unipolar
B) Bipolar
C) Multipolar
D) Anaxonic
Correct Answer: Multipolar
Rationale: Multipolar neurons have one axon and multiple dendrites and are the
most common type of neuron in the CNS, including motor neurons and pyramidal
neurons. Bipolar neurons have one axon and one dendrite. Unipolar neurons have a
single process that branches into an axon and a dendrite. Anaxonic neurons have
no distinct axon.
4. A neuron with one axon and one dendrite is classified as which type?
A) Unipolar
B) Bipolar
C) Multipolar
D) Anaxonic
Correct Answer: Bipolar
Rationale: Bipolar neurons have one axon and one dendrite and are found in
specialized sensory systems such as the retina and olfactory system. Unipolar
neurons have a single branching process. Multipolar neurons have multiple
dendrites. Anaxonic neurons lack a dist inct axon.
5. Which type of neuron has a single process that branches into both an axon and a
dendrite?
A) Unipolar
B) Bipolar
C) Multipolar
, D) Anaxonic
Correct Answer: Unipolar
Rationale: Unipolar neurons have a single process that branches into both an axon
and a dendrite, with the cell body situated off to one side. They are found in the
dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord and are also called pseudounipolar neurons.
Bipolar and multip olar neurons have distinct axon and dendrite structures.
6. Which type of neuron has no distinct axon and multiple dendrites?
A) Unipolar
B) Bipolar
C) Multipolar
D) Anaxonic
Correct Answer: Anaxonic
Rationale: Anaxonic neurons have no distinct axon and multiple dendrites. They
are found in the retina and CNS. Their function is not fully understood, but they may
participate in local interactions and do not generate typical action potentials.
Unipolar, bipolar, a nd multipolar neurons all have a distinct axon.
7. Which type of neuron has long axons that project to distant brain regions?
A) Golgi type I
B) Golgi type II
C) Anaxonic
D) Bipolar
Correct Answer: Golgi type I
Rationale: Golgi type I neurons have long axons that project to distant brain
regions and are also called projection neurons. Examples include pyramidal cells in
Health & Illness (2026) Q&A
1. Which three structures comprise the basic anatomy of a neuron?
A) Cell body, dendrites, and axon
B) Dendrites, synapse, and axon
C) Cell body, synapse, and axon
D) Dendrites, cell body, and glia
Correct Answer: Cell body, dendrites, and axon
Rationale: The three main parts of a neuron are the cell body (soma), dendrites,
and axon. The cell body contains the nucleus and metabolic machinery, dendrites
receive signals, and the axon transmits signals. Synapses are junctions between
neurons, not a structural part of the neuron itself. Glia are supporting cells, not part
of the neuron.
2. Which part of the neuron is responsible for receiving signals from other neurons?
A) Axon
B) Dendrites
C) Cell body
D) Synapse
Correct Answer: Dendrites
Rationale: Dendrites are short, highly branched structures that receive synaptic
input from other neurons and conduct signals toward the cell body. The axon
transmits signals away from the cell body. The cell body contains the nucleus and
integrates incoming signals . The synapse is the junction where communication
occurs, not the receiving structure itself.
,3. Which type of neuron has one axon and multiple dendrites and is the most
common type in the central nervous system?
A) Unipolar
B) Bipolar
C) Multipolar
D) Anaxonic
Correct Answer: Multipolar
Rationale: Multipolar neurons have one axon and multiple dendrites and are the
most common type of neuron in the CNS, including motor neurons and pyramidal
neurons. Bipolar neurons have one axon and one dendrite. Unipolar neurons have a
single process that branches into an axon and a dendrite. Anaxonic neurons have
no distinct axon.
4. A neuron with one axon and one dendrite is classified as which type?
A) Unipolar
B) Bipolar
C) Multipolar
D) Anaxonic
Correct Answer: Bipolar
Rationale: Bipolar neurons have one axon and one dendrite and are found in
specialized sensory systems such as the retina and olfactory system. Unipolar
neurons have a single branching process. Multipolar neurons have multiple
dendrites. Anaxonic neurons lack a dist inct axon.
5. Which type of neuron has a single process that branches into both an axon and a
dendrite?
A) Unipolar
B) Bipolar
C) Multipolar
, D) Anaxonic
Correct Answer: Unipolar
Rationale: Unipolar neurons have a single process that branches into both an axon
and a dendrite, with the cell body situated off to one side. They are found in the
dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord and are also called pseudounipolar neurons.
Bipolar and multip olar neurons have distinct axon and dendrite structures.
6. Which type of neuron has no distinct axon and multiple dendrites?
A) Unipolar
B) Bipolar
C) Multipolar
D) Anaxonic
Correct Answer: Anaxonic
Rationale: Anaxonic neurons have no distinct axon and multiple dendrites. They
are found in the retina and CNS. Their function is not fully understood, but they may
participate in local interactions and do not generate typical action potentials.
Unipolar, bipolar, a nd multipolar neurons all have a distinct axon.
7. Which type of neuron has long axons that project to distant brain regions?
A) Golgi type I
B) Golgi type II
C) Anaxonic
D) Bipolar
Correct Answer: Golgi type I
Rationale: Golgi type I neurons have long axons that project to distant brain
regions and are also called projection neurons. Examples include pyramidal cells in
