EXAM 3 NUR 257 REVIEW 2026/2027 | NURSING STUDY
GUIDE, EXAM REVIEW & PRACTICE QUESTIONS
For the elderly client its important to note in regards to diabetes mellitus that - Correct answer
✔✔ It is diagnosed in the late stages due to lack of symptoms in early stage
What does A1C measure? - Correct answer ✔✔ Average blood glucose over 3 months.
If your elderly client has an acute illness with inability to take oral medications for their diabetes
mellitus what should you as the nurse do? - Correct answer ✔✔ Contact PCP
Why should the nurse take caution when giving metformin (used to treat diabetes type 2) to the
elderly - Correct answer ✔✔ Because of the declining kidney function in the elderly resulting in
further decline in kidney function
What are some education points for the elderly who have diabetes mellitus - Correct answer
✔✔ Limiting saturated fats and encouraging low sodium diet as well as foot care ensuring they
attend podiatrist appointments, checking feet daily encouraging the use of a mirror to look at
plantar surface.
What are some education points for the elderly who have diabetes mellitus about hypoglycemia
- Correct answer ✔✔ Let them know that the brain needs constant glucose supply and to
provide intake of milk and glucagon if the patient passes out or is unable to take sugar by
mouth. It can be injected as needed at the first sign of hypoglycemia. They should have
glucagon on them at all times.
Neuropathy education - Correct answer ✔✔ Feelings of pins/needles in feet usually indicated
increased blood glucose levels.
, Education on glucosuria - Correct answer ✔✔ May cause incontinence, limit saturated fats and
carbs eat low sodium
S/S of hypoglycemia - Correct answer ✔✔ irritable, confusion, tremors, blurred vision, skin cool
clammy, tachycardia
What are the 3 P's of diabetes - Correct answer ✔✔ Polyuria
Polydipsia
Polyhagia
Rapid-acting insulin - Correct answer ✔✔ Lispro (Humalog)
Aspart (Novolog)
Glulisine (Apidra)
It's taken just before meals
Short-acting insulin - Correct answer ✔✔ Regular (Humulin R, Novolin R)
Taken 30-60 minutes before meals
Intermediate-acting insulin - Correct answer ✔✔ NPH (Humulin N, Novolin N)
Usually taken once or twice a day often at bedtime
Long-acting insulin - Correct answer ✔✔ glargine (Lantus)
detemir (Levemir)
Taken once a day typically in the morning
GUIDE, EXAM REVIEW & PRACTICE QUESTIONS
For the elderly client its important to note in regards to diabetes mellitus that - Correct answer
✔✔ It is diagnosed in the late stages due to lack of symptoms in early stage
What does A1C measure? - Correct answer ✔✔ Average blood glucose over 3 months.
If your elderly client has an acute illness with inability to take oral medications for their diabetes
mellitus what should you as the nurse do? - Correct answer ✔✔ Contact PCP
Why should the nurse take caution when giving metformin (used to treat diabetes type 2) to the
elderly - Correct answer ✔✔ Because of the declining kidney function in the elderly resulting in
further decline in kidney function
What are some education points for the elderly who have diabetes mellitus - Correct answer
✔✔ Limiting saturated fats and encouraging low sodium diet as well as foot care ensuring they
attend podiatrist appointments, checking feet daily encouraging the use of a mirror to look at
plantar surface.
What are some education points for the elderly who have diabetes mellitus about hypoglycemia
- Correct answer ✔✔ Let them know that the brain needs constant glucose supply and to
provide intake of milk and glucagon if the patient passes out or is unable to take sugar by
mouth. It can be injected as needed at the first sign of hypoglycemia. They should have
glucagon on them at all times.
Neuropathy education - Correct answer ✔✔ Feelings of pins/needles in feet usually indicated
increased blood glucose levels.
, Education on glucosuria - Correct answer ✔✔ May cause incontinence, limit saturated fats and
carbs eat low sodium
S/S of hypoglycemia - Correct answer ✔✔ irritable, confusion, tremors, blurred vision, skin cool
clammy, tachycardia
What are the 3 P's of diabetes - Correct answer ✔✔ Polyuria
Polydipsia
Polyhagia
Rapid-acting insulin - Correct answer ✔✔ Lispro (Humalog)
Aspart (Novolog)
Glulisine (Apidra)
It's taken just before meals
Short-acting insulin - Correct answer ✔✔ Regular (Humulin R, Novolin R)
Taken 30-60 minutes before meals
Intermediate-acting insulin - Correct answer ✔✔ NPH (Humulin N, Novolin N)
Usually taken once or twice a day often at bedtime
Long-acting insulin - Correct answer ✔✔ glargine (Lantus)
detemir (Levemir)
Taken once a day typically in the morning
