Galen College of Nursing NU 170
MATERNAL-CHILD NURSING • EXAM 2 • 2026–2027
Name: ____________________________________ Date: ____________________
50 multiple-choice questions • Choose the single best answer.
1. A child has vomiting and diarrhea with dry mucous membranes, fewer tears, and reduced urine
output. Which concern should the nurse prioritize from the review?
A. Scoliosis from asymmetric growth.
B. A displaced hip requiring a harness.
C. Dehydration and fluid or electrolyte imbalance.
D. A normal finding that needs no assessment.
✓ Correct answer: C. Dehydration and fluid or electrolyte imbalance.
Rationale: The GI review lists dry mucosa, decreased tears, and reduced urine output as dehydration
findings and identifies fluid imbalance as the main concern.
2. A child is vomiting repeatedly. Which immediate intervention is emphasized in the review to limit
aspiration?
A. Delay all assessment until the vomiting has resolved.
B. Maintain a patent airway and position the child on the side.
C. Offer hard foods during active vomiting.
D. Place the child flat on the back and stop observing the airway.
✓ Correct answer: B. Maintain a patent airway and position the child on the side.
Rationale: The review identifies airway protection and side positioning as priorities when a child vomits.
3. A child has mild to moderate dehydration from diarrhea and can drink. Which approach does the
review recommend?
A. Immediate pyloromyotomy.
B. Strict lifelong gluten avoidance as the sole fluid replacement.
C. Oral rehydration solution.
D. Daily application of a pediculicide.
✓ Correct answer: C. Oral rehydration solution.
Rationale: The review recommends oral rehydration solution for mild to moderate dehydration.
4. An infant with a cleft palate coughs during feeding. Which feeding approach from the review best
addresses the aspiration concern?
A. Encourage the infant to pull firmly on a straw after repair.
B. Hold the infant upright and use a specialized feeder.
C. Withhold all nutrition until childhood.
D. Feed the infant flat with an ordinary hard spoon.
✓ Correct answer: B. Hold the infant upright and use a specialized feeder.
Rationale: The GI review recommends upright positioning and specialized nipples or feeders for cleft-
related feeding difficulties.
, 5. An infant has excessive drooling, coughing, choking, and cyanosis with feeding. Which defect should
the nurse suspect according to the review?
A. Esophageal atresia with possible tracheoesophageal fistula.
B. Celiac disease.
C. Developmental dysplasia of the hip.
D. Nephrotic syndrome.
✓ Correct answer: A. Esophageal atresia with possible tracheoesophageal fistula.
Rationale: The review identifies excessive secretions and the three C's during feeds as characteristic of
esophageal atresia or TEF.
6. While awaiting surgical treatment for suspected esophageal atresia or TEF, which plan follows the
review?
A. Give frequent oral feedings to evaluate tolerance.
B. Use a gluten-free diet as the only treatment.
C. Keep the infant NPO and suction secretions frequently.
D. Place elbow restraints without addressing secretions.
✓ Correct answer: C. Keep the infant NPO and suction secretions frequently.
Rationale: The review directs NPO status and frequent suctioning before TEF surgery to reduce aspiration.
7. An infant in the first weeks of life has forceful projectile vomiting after feeding and an olive-shaped
epigastric mass. Which condition best fits?
A. Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.
B. Hirschsprung disease.
C. Intussusception.
D. Celiac disease.
✓ Correct answer: A. Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.
Rationale: The review describes projectile post-feed vomiting and a palpable olive-shaped mass in pyloric
stenosis.
8. A newborn has not passed meconium by 48 hours and has abdominal distention. Which condition
from the review is most consistent?
A. Hirschsprung disease.
B. Cleft lip.
C. Gastroesophageal reflux.
D. Atopic dermatitis.
✓ Correct answer: A. Hirschsprung disease.
Rationale: The review describes delayed passage of meconium in a newborn as a major clue to
Hirschsprung disease.
MATERNAL-CHILD NURSING • EXAM 2 • 2026–2027
Name: ____________________________________ Date: ____________________
50 multiple-choice questions • Choose the single best answer.
1. A child has vomiting and diarrhea with dry mucous membranes, fewer tears, and reduced urine
output. Which concern should the nurse prioritize from the review?
A. Scoliosis from asymmetric growth.
B. A displaced hip requiring a harness.
C. Dehydration and fluid or electrolyte imbalance.
D. A normal finding that needs no assessment.
✓ Correct answer: C. Dehydration and fluid or electrolyte imbalance.
Rationale: The GI review lists dry mucosa, decreased tears, and reduced urine output as dehydration
findings and identifies fluid imbalance as the main concern.
2. A child is vomiting repeatedly. Which immediate intervention is emphasized in the review to limit
aspiration?
A. Delay all assessment until the vomiting has resolved.
B. Maintain a patent airway and position the child on the side.
C. Offer hard foods during active vomiting.
D. Place the child flat on the back and stop observing the airway.
✓ Correct answer: B. Maintain a patent airway and position the child on the side.
Rationale: The review identifies airway protection and side positioning as priorities when a child vomits.
3. A child has mild to moderate dehydration from diarrhea and can drink. Which approach does the
review recommend?
A. Immediate pyloromyotomy.
B. Strict lifelong gluten avoidance as the sole fluid replacement.
C. Oral rehydration solution.
D. Daily application of a pediculicide.
✓ Correct answer: C. Oral rehydration solution.
Rationale: The review recommends oral rehydration solution for mild to moderate dehydration.
4. An infant with a cleft palate coughs during feeding. Which feeding approach from the review best
addresses the aspiration concern?
A. Encourage the infant to pull firmly on a straw after repair.
B. Hold the infant upright and use a specialized feeder.
C. Withhold all nutrition until childhood.
D. Feed the infant flat with an ordinary hard spoon.
✓ Correct answer: B. Hold the infant upright and use a specialized feeder.
Rationale: The GI review recommends upright positioning and specialized nipples or feeders for cleft-
related feeding difficulties.
, 5. An infant has excessive drooling, coughing, choking, and cyanosis with feeding. Which defect should
the nurse suspect according to the review?
A. Esophageal atresia with possible tracheoesophageal fistula.
B. Celiac disease.
C. Developmental dysplasia of the hip.
D. Nephrotic syndrome.
✓ Correct answer: A. Esophageal atresia with possible tracheoesophageal fistula.
Rationale: The review identifies excessive secretions and the three C's during feeds as characteristic of
esophageal atresia or TEF.
6. While awaiting surgical treatment for suspected esophageal atresia or TEF, which plan follows the
review?
A. Give frequent oral feedings to evaluate tolerance.
B. Use a gluten-free diet as the only treatment.
C. Keep the infant NPO and suction secretions frequently.
D. Place elbow restraints without addressing secretions.
✓ Correct answer: C. Keep the infant NPO and suction secretions frequently.
Rationale: The review directs NPO status and frequent suctioning before TEF surgery to reduce aspiration.
7. An infant in the first weeks of life has forceful projectile vomiting after feeding and an olive-shaped
epigastric mass. Which condition best fits?
A. Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.
B. Hirschsprung disease.
C. Intussusception.
D. Celiac disease.
✓ Correct answer: A. Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.
Rationale: The review describes projectile post-feed vomiting and a palpable olive-shaped mass in pyloric
stenosis.
8. A newborn has not passed meconium by 48 hours and has abdominal distention. Which condition
from the review is most consistent?
A. Hirschsprung disease.
B. Cleft lip.
C. Gastroesophageal reflux.
D. Atopic dermatitis.
✓ Correct answer: A. Hirschsprung disease.
Rationale: The review describes delayed passage of meconium in a newborn as a major clue to
Hirschsprung disease.
