Chapter 01
1. Which of the following terms is often used to describe the discussion and implementation of a comprehensive
oral health care program for the pediatric patient? [Multiple Choice]
a. Patient information
b. Anticipatory guidance ✔
c. Parental consent
d. Complete examination
ANS: B
Anticipatory guidance is the term often used to describe the discussion and implementation of a comprehensive
oral health care program with the pediatric patient and/or parents. It is essential to obtain all relevant patient and
family information, to secure parental consent, and to perform a complete examination before embarking on this
comprehensive oral health care program for the pediatric patient.
2. In a study by the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, __% of adolescents aged 12 to 17 years had smoked
one or more cigarettes in the past month. [Multiple Choice]
a. 2
b. 4
c. 8
d. 12 ✔
ANS: D
In a study by the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 12% of adolescents aged 12 to 17 years had smoked
one or more cigarettes in the past month. Of those who had never smoked, more than 22% were considered
susceptible to start smoking.
3. Obvious gingival swelling and drainage associated with a single, badly carious primary molar is an example of a
________ sign, leading to an almost immediate diagnosis. [Multiple Choice]
a. acute
b. chronic
c. pathognomonic ✔
d. justifiable
ANS: C
,Obvious gingival swelling and drainage associated with a single, badly carious primary molar is an example of a
pathognomonic sign, leading to an almost immediate diagnosis. Although the collection and evaluation of these
associated facts are performed rapidly, they provide a diagnosis only for a single problem area. A comprehensive
diagnosis of all the patient?s problems or potential problems may sometimes need to be postponed until more
urgent conditions are resolved.
4. Enlarged tonsils accompanied by purulent exudate may be the initial sign of streptococcal infection, which can
lead to: [Multiple Choice]
a. jaundice.
b. rheumatic fever. ✔
c. bird flu.
d. swine flu.
ANS: B
Enlarged tonsils accompanied by purulent exudate may be the initial sign of streptococcal infection, which can
lead to rheumatic fever. When streptococcal throat infection is suspected, immediate referral to the child?s
physician is indicated. In some cases, it may be helpful to the physician and convenient for the dentist to obtain a
throat culture specimen while the child is still in the dental office.
5. Which of the following statements is true concerning dental care for the pediatric patient? [Multiple Choice]
a. Not all pediatric patients should be given the opportunity to receive complete dental care, as some do quite
well with baseline or minimal care.
b. The dentist should attempt to decide what the child, parents, or third-party agent will accept or can afford.
c. If parents reject a portion or all of the recommendations, the dentist has not fulfilled the obligation of
educating the child and the parents about the importance of the recommended procedures.
d. Parents of even moderate income will usually find the means to have oral health care completed if the dentist
explains to them that the child’s future oral health and even general health are related to the correction of oral
defects. ✔
ANS: D
Parents of even moderate income will usually find the means to have oral health care completed if the dentist
explains to them that the child?s future oral health and even general health are related to the correction of oral
defects. Each pediatric patient should be given the opportunity to receive complete dental care. The dentist
should not attempt to decide what the child, parents, or third-party agent will accept or can afford. If parents
reject a portion or all of the recommendations, the dentist has at least fulfilled the obligation of educating the
child and the parents about the importance of the recommended procedures.
6. The most important cause of drug abuse in young people is: [Multiple Choice]
,a. a need to forget the pressures of everyday living.
b. rebellion against parents and society. ✔
c. a desire for pleasure.
d. a need to conform to the group with which young people want to be associated.
ANS: B
The most important cause of drug abuse in young people is rebellion against parents and society. Through drugs
young people obtain a momentary feeling of independence and power because they have disobeyed the rules of
their parents and society. The satisfaction gained through rebelling against parents can give adolescents a
reinforcing motive for persisting in drug abuse.
7. Which of the following statements is true concerning temporomandibular joint (TMJ) evaluation and treatment
for children? [Multiple Choice]
a. No studies on temporomandibular disorders have ever included children.
b. Temporomandibular joint function should not be evaluated in children.
c. Temporomandibular disorders in children can be managed effectively by conservative and reversible therapies.
✔
d. Temporomandibular disorders in children can be managed by joint surgery rather than conservative and
reversible therapies.
ANS: C
Temporomandibular disorders in children can be managed effectively by conservative and reversible therapies,
including patient education, mild physical therapy, behavioral therapy, medications, and occlusal splints. Okeson
and others have indicated that, although several studies include children 5 to 7 years of age, most observations
have been made on the young adolescent. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) function should be evaluated by
palpating the head of each mandibular condyle and observing the patient while the mouth is closed (teeth
clenched), at rest, and in various open positions.
8. Which of the following is the single most critical measure for reducing the risk of transmitting organisms?
[Multiple Choice]
a. A thorough medical history
b. Cleaning all reusable instruments in an ultrasonic cleaner
c. Sterilizing all reusable instruments that penetrate or come into contact with oral tissues.
d. Proper hand hygiene ✔
ANS: D
, Proper hand hygiene is the single most critical measure for reducing the risk of transmitting organisms. Hand
hygiene substantially reduces potential pathogens on the hands. For routine dental examinations and nonsurgical
procedures, handwashing and hand antisepsis is achieved by using either a plain or antimicrobial soap plus water.
9. According the system preferred by The F?d?ration Dentaire International Special Committee on Uniform Dental
Recording, a lower right first permanent molar is tooth: [Multiple Choice]
a. T
b. 6
c. 30
d. four-six ✔
ANS: D
According the system preferred by the F?d?ration Dentaire Internationale Special Committee on Uniform Dental
Recording, a lower right first permanent molar is tooth four-six. The first digit indicates the quadrant and the
second digit the type of tooth within the quadrant. Quadrants are allotted in digits 1 to 4 for the permanent teeth
and 5 to 8 for the primary teeth in a clockwise sequence, starting at the upper right side. Teeth within the same
quadrant are allotted the digits 1 to 8 (primary teeth, 1 to 5) from the midline backward. The digits should be
pronounced separately.
10. Which of the following may be the first indication of abnormal anxiety in the child? [Multiple Choice]
a. An elevated temperature
b. Cold, clammy hands or bitten fingernails ✔
c. A callused or unusually clean digit
d. Clubbing of the fingers or a bluish color in the nail beds
ANS: B
Cold, clammy hands or bitten fingernails may by the first indication of abnormal anxiety in the child. The dentist
may first detect an elevated temperature by holding the patient?s hand. A callused or unusually clean digit
suggests a persistent sucking habit. Clubbing of the fingers or a bluish color under the nails suggests congenital
heart disease that may require special precautions during dental treatment.
11. Which of the following conditions of the hair or skin are contagious? [Multiple Choice]
a. Head lice, ring worm, and impetigo ✔
b. Head lice and ring worm, but not impetigo
c. Head lice and impetigo, but not ringworm
1. Which of the following terms is often used to describe the discussion and implementation of a comprehensive
oral health care program for the pediatric patient? [Multiple Choice]
a. Patient information
b. Anticipatory guidance ✔
c. Parental consent
d. Complete examination
ANS: B
Anticipatory guidance is the term often used to describe the discussion and implementation of a comprehensive
oral health care program with the pediatric patient and/or parents. It is essential to obtain all relevant patient and
family information, to secure parental consent, and to perform a complete examination before embarking on this
comprehensive oral health care program for the pediatric patient.
2. In a study by the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, __% of adolescents aged 12 to 17 years had smoked
one or more cigarettes in the past month. [Multiple Choice]
a. 2
b. 4
c. 8
d. 12 ✔
ANS: D
In a study by the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 12% of adolescents aged 12 to 17 years had smoked
one or more cigarettes in the past month. Of those who had never smoked, more than 22% were considered
susceptible to start smoking.
3. Obvious gingival swelling and drainage associated with a single, badly carious primary molar is an example of a
________ sign, leading to an almost immediate diagnosis. [Multiple Choice]
a. acute
b. chronic
c. pathognomonic ✔
d. justifiable
ANS: C
,Obvious gingival swelling and drainage associated with a single, badly carious primary molar is an example of a
pathognomonic sign, leading to an almost immediate diagnosis. Although the collection and evaluation of these
associated facts are performed rapidly, they provide a diagnosis only for a single problem area. A comprehensive
diagnosis of all the patient?s problems or potential problems may sometimes need to be postponed until more
urgent conditions are resolved.
4. Enlarged tonsils accompanied by purulent exudate may be the initial sign of streptococcal infection, which can
lead to: [Multiple Choice]
a. jaundice.
b. rheumatic fever. ✔
c. bird flu.
d. swine flu.
ANS: B
Enlarged tonsils accompanied by purulent exudate may be the initial sign of streptococcal infection, which can
lead to rheumatic fever. When streptococcal throat infection is suspected, immediate referral to the child?s
physician is indicated. In some cases, it may be helpful to the physician and convenient for the dentist to obtain a
throat culture specimen while the child is still in the dental office.
5. Which of the following statements is true concerning dental care for the pediatric patient? [Multiple Choice]
a. Not all pediatric patients should be given the opportunity to receive complete dental care, as some do quite
well with baseline or minimal care.
b. The dentist should attempt to decide what the child, parents, or third-party agent will accept or can afford.
c. If parents reject a portion or all of the recommendations, the dentist has not fulfilled the obligation of
educating the child and the parents about the importance of the recommended procedures.
d. Parents of even moderate income will usually find the means to have oral health care completed if the dentist
explains to them that the child’s future oral health and even general health are related to the correction of oral
defects. ✔
ANS: D
Parents of even moderate income will usually find the means to have oral health care completed if the dentist
explains to them that the child?s future oral health and even general health are related to the correction of oral
defects. Each pediatric patient should be given the opportunity to receive complete dental care. The dentist
should not attempt to decide what the child, parents, or third-party agent will accept or can afford. If parents
reject a portion or all of the recommendations, the dentist has at least fulfilled the obligation of educating the
child and the parents about the importance of the recommended procedures.
6. The most important cause of drug abuse in young people is: [Multiple Choice]
,a. a need to forget the pressures of everyday living.
b. rebellion against parents and society. ✔
c. a desire for pleasure.
d. a need to conform to the group with which young people want to be associated.
ANS: B
The most important cause of drug abuse in young people is rebellion against parents and society. Through drugs
young people obtain a momentary feeling of independence and power because they have disobeyed the rules of
their parents and society. The satisfaction gained through rebelling against parents can give adolescents a
reinforcing motive for persisting in drug abuse.
7. Which of the following statements is true concerning temporomandibular joint (TMJ) evaluation and treatment
for children? [Multiple Choice]
a. No studies on temporomandibular disorders have ever included children.
b. Temporomandibular joint function should not be evaluated in children.
c. Temporomandibular disorders in children can be managed effectively by conservative and reversible therapies.
✔
d. Temporomandibular disorders in children can be managed by joint surgery rather than conservative and
reversible therapies.
ANS: C
Temporomandibular disorders in children can be managed effectively by conservative and reversible therapies,
including patient education, mild physical therapy, behavioral therapy, medications, and occlusal splints. Okeson
and others have indicated that, although several studies include children 5 to 7 years of age, most observations
have been made on the young adolescent. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) function should be evaluated by
palpating the head of each mandibular condyle and observing the patient while the mouth is closed (teeth
clenched), at rest, and in various open positions.
8. Which of the following is the single most critical measure for reducing the risk of transmitting organisms?
[Multiple Choice]
a. A thorough medical history
b. Cleaning all reusable instruments in an ultrasonic cleaner
c. Sterilizing all reusable instruments that penetrate or come into contact with oral tissues.
d. Proper hand hygiene ✔
ANS: D
, Proper hand hygiene is the single most critical measure for reducing the risk of transmitting organisms. Hand
hygiene substantially reduces potential pathogens on the hands. For routine dental examinations and nonsurgical
procedures, handwashing and hand antisepsis is achieved by using either a plain or antimicrobial soap plus water.
9. According the system preferred by The F?d?ration Dentaire International Special Committee on Uniform Dental
Recording, a lower right first permanent molar is tooth: [Multiple Choice]
a. T
b. 6
c. 30
d. four-six ✔
ANS: D
According the system preferred by the F?d?ration Dentaire Internationale Special Committee on Uniform Dental
Recording, a lower right first permanent molar is tooth four-six. The first digit indicates the quadrant and the
second digit the type of tooth within the quadrant. Quadrants are allotted in digits 1 to 4 for the permanent teeth
and 5 to 8 for the primary teeth in a clockwise sequence, starting at the upper right side. Teeth within the same
quadrant are allotted the digits 1 to 8 (primary teeth, 1 to 5) from the midline backward. The digits should be
pronounced separately.
10. Which of the following may be the first indication of abnormal anxiety in the child? [Multiple Choice]
a. An elevated temperature
b. Cold, clammy hands or bitten fingernails ✔
c. A callused or unusually clean digit
d. Clubbing of the fingers or a bluish color in the nail beds
ANS: B
Cold, clammy hands or bitten fingernails may by the first indication of abnormal anxiety in the child. The dentist
may first detect an elevated temperature by holding the patient?s hand. A callused or unusually clean digit
suggests a persistent sucking habit. Clubbing of the fingers or a bluish color under the nails suggests congenital
heart disease that may require special precautions during dental treatment.
11. Which of the following conditions of the hair or skin are contagious? [Multiple Choice]
a. Head lice, ring worm, and impetigo ✔
b. Head lice and ring worm, but not impetigo
c. Head lice and impetigo, but not ringworm
